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Assessment of Urban Aquifer Pollution through Statistical Approaches and Numerical Modelling

A special issue of Sustainability (ISSN 2071-1050). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sustainability and Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (29 May 2022) | Viewed by 12172

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy
Interests: groundwater modelling; stochastic modelling; multivariate analysis; cluster analysis; modflow; modpath; transport model of contaminant

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Guest Editor
Politecnico di Milano, Environmental and Civil Engineering, Milan, Italy
Interests: reactive transport modelling; compound-specific isotope analysis; hydrogeology; water management; uncertainty analysis
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Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan 20133, Italy
Interests: groundwater pollution; spatial statistical analysis; GIS; diffuse pollution; transport modelling; stochastic modelling; PEST; NSMC

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Guest Editor
Central Mining Institute, plac Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland
Interests: hydrogeology; water protection; groundwater contamination; groundwater modelling; mine water modelling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In densely urbanized areas, groundwater constitutes an essential source of freshwater and contributes to the socioeconomic development of urban centers. Nevertheless, the ever-increasing demand for safe drinking water attributable to anthropogenic activities poses a serious threat to groundwater quality, also in relation to future water scarcity scenarios. Although several approaches have been developed to address the problem of urban aquifer pollution, the main challenges are:

  • The identification of the most vulnerable areas and the potential sources responsible for groundwater contamination, considering the contribution of both historical anthropogenic activities and sources that are still active today;
  • The distinction of main point sources (i.e., hotspots) from diffuse contamination, which is attributed to unknown small sources clustered in large areas and cannot be remediated;
  • The delineation of contaminant plumes, which can seriously affect sensible targets (i.e., water supply wells).

Among the different approaches, GIS-based statistical techniques (e.g., logistic regression, weights of evidence), statistical analysis (e.g., cluster and multivariate analyses), numerical modeling (e.g., groundwater flow and contaminant transport models) and, more recently, stochastic modeling (e.g., null-space Monte Carlo) represent key tools for the assessment of quality deterioration of urban aquifers. The use and combination of these approaches can support water managers and public authorities in practical problems including the 1) identification of the source responsible for the contamination according to the pollution pays principle, 2) the delineation of the areas affected by a background level of contamination and not by a specific source of pollution, and 3) the implementation of strategies to remediate sources and protect intake areas.

The aim of this Special Issue of Sustainability is to provide an overview of the different and innovative approaches used to assess urban aquifer pollution, in order to gain additional and useful insights on groundwater resource protection

Dr. Loris Colombo
Dr. Pietro Mazzon
Dr. Licia Camilla Pollicino
Dr. Grzegorz Gzyl
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Groundwater flow and transport modelling
  • Multivariate analysis
  • Cluster analysis
  • MODFLOW
  • MT3DMS
  • GIS
  • Urban areas

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 8276 KiB  
Article
Stochastic Particle Tracking Application in Different Urban Areas in Central Europe: The Milano (IT) and Jaworzno (PL) Case Study to Secure the Drinking Water Resources
by Loris Colombo, Grzegorz Gzyl, Pietro Mazzon, Paweł Łabaj, Robert Frączek and Luca Alberti
Sustainability 2021, 13(18), 10291; https://doi.org/10.3390/su131810291 - 15 Sep 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 11094
Abstract
Urban areas are typically characterized by the presence of industrial sites, which are often sources of groundwater contamination, posing a serious threat for the groundwater. In such cases, a crucial step is to find a link between the contaminant sources and freshwater supply [...] Read more.
Urban areas are typically characterized by the presence of industrial sites, which are often sources of groundwater contamination, posing a serious threat for the groundwater. In such cases, a crucial step is to find a link between the contaminant sources and freshwater supply wells at risk. As a part of the AMIIGA Project, two different stochastic approaches were applied to assess drinking water supply wells vulnerability in Functional Urban Areas in the presence of several chlorinated hydrocarbons sources in an alluvial aquifer in Milano and a pesticide mega site in a complex geological setting in Poland. In the first case study, the innovative Pilot Point Null-Space Monte Carlo forward particle tracking was used, applying a forward solution instead of the classical backtracking, while in the second case was chosen the classical Monte Carlo methodology. Both case studies represent useful application examples, allowing an effective prioritization of expensive remediation actions in order to protect freshwater wells. Full article
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