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Technologies
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Advanced Green Information and Communication Technology
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Advanced Green Information and Communication Technology

A special issue of Technologies (ISSN 2227-7080). This special issue belongs to the section "Information and Communication Technologies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2018) | Viewed by 68529

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Stefan Naumann

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Software Systems, Trier University of Applied Sciences, Environmental Campus Birkenfeld, Birkenfeld, Germany
Interests: green IT; green software engineering; sustainable information society
Ms. Eva Kern

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Sustainability, Leuphana University Lüneburg, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
Interests: green IT; green software engineering; user’s perspective on sustainable software

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Information and communication technologies (ICT) are growing rapidly. Consequently, the emissions caused by the usage of ICT increase significantly, and more and more hardware is produced and has to be disposed of after its life time. On the other hand, ICT can innovatively contribute to solve environmental problems in branches such as automotive, production, logistics, or in general sustainable development. Therefore, this Special Issue calls for new and innovative solutions in the field of green ICT, green information systems, green software and its engineering, and also solutions how ICT can contribute to the goals of sustainable development, including ICT-based environment and friendly solutions for industrial and public sectors. This comprises hardware and software solutions, models, and frameworks. Additionally, case studies and the evaluation of best practices are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Stefan Naumann
Ms. Eva Kern
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Technologies is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • green IT
  • green Information Systems
  • green Software Engineering
  • green by ICT
  • sustainable software
  • sustainability Informatics/Sustainable ICT

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 417 KiB  
Article
The Rise of Artificial Intelligence under the Lens of Sustainability
by Jayden Khakurel, Birgit Penzenstadler, Jari Porras, Antti Knutas and Wenlu Zhang
Technologies 2018, 6(4), 100; https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies6040100 - 3 Nov 2018
Cited by 79 | Viewed by 31448
Abstract
Since the 1950s, artificial intelligence (AI) has been a recurring topic in research. However, this field has only recently gained significant momentum because of the advances in technology and algorithms, along with new AI techniques such as machine learning methods for structured data, [...] Read more.
Since the 1950s, artificial intelligence (AI) has been a recurring topic in research. However, this field has only recently gained significant momentum because of the advances in technology and algorithms, along with new AI techniques such as machine learning methods for structured data, modern deep learning, and natural language processing for unstructured data. Although companies are eager to join the fray of this new AI trend and take advantage of its potential benefits, it is unclear what implications AI will have on society now and in the long term. Using the five dimensions of sustainability to structure the analysis, we explore the impacts of AI on several domains. We find that there is a significant impact on all five dimensions, with positive and negative impacts, and that value, collaboration, sharing responsibilities; ethics will play a vital role in any future sustainable development of AI in society. Our exploration provides a foundation for in-depth discussions and future research collaborations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Green Information and Communication Technology)
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23 pages, 3505 KiB  
Article
Architecting and Designing Sustainable Smart City Services in a Living Lab Environment
by Md Tawseef Alam and Jari Porras
Technologies 2018, 6(4), 99; https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies6040099 - 1 Nov 2018
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 6410
Abstract
In terms of sustainability, cities become smart when they provide smart services to the inhabitants using information and communication technologies without threatening the future of the environment, economy, or society. However, the process of developing such sustainable smart services has certain challenges, especially [...] Read more.
In terms of sustainability, cities become smart when they provide smart services to the inhabitants using information and communication technologies without threatening the future of the environment, economy, or society. However, the process of developing such sustainable smart services has certain challenges, especially in understanding the real needs of the people living in the city. Citizens or, in a wider perspective, the inhabitants of the city are the key stakeholders in the case of smart services in a city. Active involvement of the people throughout the development process is a way of successfully designing such services. On the other hand, integrating sustainability, for example, including environmental data, into smart city services is challenging. Therefore, this research aims to combine environmental data with regular smart city services, while engaging city inhabitants in the development process. This approach was adapted from the concept of living lab methodology. Finally, an application developed following this method is presented and evaluated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Green Information and Communication Technology)
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15 pages, 933 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Sustainability Performance of Sustainability Management Software
by Eva Kern, Samanthi Silva and Achim Guldner
Technologies 2018, 6(3), 88; https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies6030088 - 19 Sep 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 6017
Abstract
Companies have made considerable progress in assessing the sustainability of their processes and products, including the information and communication technology (ICT) sector. However, it is surprising that little attention has been given to the sustainability performance of software products. For this article, we [...] Read more.
Companies have made considerable progress in assessing the sustainability of their processes and products, including the information and communication technology (ICT) sector. However, it is surprising that little attention has been given to the sustainability performance of software products. For this article, we chose a case study approach to explore the extent, to which software manufacturers have considered sustainability criteria for their products. We selected a manufacturer of sustainability management software on the assumption that they would be more likely to integrate elements of sustainability performance in their products. In the case study, we applied a previously developed set of criteria for sustainable software (SCSS) using a questionnaire and experiments, to assess a web-based sustainability management software product regarding its sustainability performance. The assessment finds that despite a sustainability conscious manufacturer, a systematic assessment of sustainability regarding software products is missing in the case study. This implies that sustainability assessment for software products is still novel, corresponding knowledge is missing and suitable tools are not yet being widely applied in the industry. The SCSS presents a suitable approach to close this gap, but it does require further refinement, for example regarding its applicability to web-based software on external servers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Green Information and Communication Technology)
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10 pages, 559 KiB  
Article
A Framework to Optimize Energy Efficiency in Data Centers Based on Certified KPIs
by Volkan Gizli and Jorge Marx Gómez
Technologies 2018, 6(3), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies6030087 - 15 Sep 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 5732
Abstract
Both electricity consumption and CO2 emission from Germany’s 50,000 data centers have grown continuously in recent years. However, projects that can be used to evaluate the energy efficiency of data centers are no longer available to companies. Thus, there is a need [...] Read more.
Both electricity consumption and CO2 emission from Germany’s 50,000 data centers have grown continuously in recent years. However, projects that can be used to evaluate the energy efficiency of data centers are no longer available to companies. Thus, there is a need for solid solutions that are going to help data center operators to assess and improve a data center’s energy efficiency. A particular approach in the form of an evolutionary prototype, which is described in this article, is designed to serve as a basis for the development of the software, which will support companies in addressing their personalized energy efficiency needs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Green Information and Communication Technology)
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19 pages, 626 KiB  
Article
A Systematic Literature Review of the Factors of Influence on the Environmental Impact of ICT
by Albert Hankel, Gaston Heimeriks and Patricia Lago
Technologies 2018, 6(3), 85; https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies6030085 - 7 Sep 2018
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 10995
Abstract
Context: Many publications have described, measured, tracked or assessed Information and Communication Technology (ICT) activities that impact the environment. A complete conceptual view of the environmental impact of ICT can be described in three orders of effect: Direct, indirect and systemic. Objective: The [...] Read more.
Context: Many publications have described, measured, tracked or assessed Information and Communication Technology (ICT) activities that impact the environment. A complete conceptual view of the environmental impact of ICT can be described in three orders of effect: Direct, indirect and systemic. Objective: The goal of this study is to find out how the existing literature contributes towards our understanding of the environmental impact of ICT. We approach this question by identifying factors that can be of influence on the environmental impact and map these factors onto a conceptual framework of Green ICT. Method: We used a systematic literature review to collect factors of influence regarding the environmental impact of ICT. Results: From the data we collected and the analyses made, we created a taxonomy, and report on the frequencies of the factors of influence in the primary studies as well as gaps and additions compared to the conceptual framework. We found five main classes of influence that can form a continuous cycle, but noted that the research field is strongly focused on the direct impact of ICT. Conclusion: Our study contributes towards a better understanding of the environmental impact of ICT by framing factors of influence in a conceptual framework. The taxonomy we create and the analysis of the studies could be helpful in defining a research agenda, to further enable the full potential of Green ICT. In addition, the taxonomy can be used as a starting point for a practical tool, for organizations that wish to apply Green ICT to its full extent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Green Information and Communication Technology)
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22 pages, 1730 KiB  
Article
An Analysis of Best Practice Patterns for Corporate Social Responsibility in Top IT Companies
by Germain Déroche and Birgit Penzenstadler
Technologies 2018, 6(3), 76; https://doi.org/10.3390/technologies6030076 - 15 Aug 2018
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 6737
Abstract
In order to show their compliance with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) goals, companies report their “sustainable initiatives” into their CSR reports. However, from small companies to multinational, it is hard to see the real benefits of sustainable strategies’ implementation, since there are actually [...] Read more.
In order to show their compliance with Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) goals, companies report their “sustainable initiatives” into their CSR reports. However, from small companies to multinational, it is hard to see the real benefits of sustainable strategies’ implementation, since there are actually no general patterns defined which can ensure high impacts on sustainability. Moreover, there are few metrics and process to assess the efficiency of a sustainability strategy, but the different studies made in that field can show different results, this induces a part of uncertainty to evaluate the performance of a sustainable strategy. Therefore, in this paper, we contribute a pattern approach to implementing sustainability in a company. To do that, we performed an analysis of the 25 CSR reports coming from the 25 biggest companies in the IT sector in order to extract sustainability patterns that are provided in an online catalog to (1) give first tracks to companies which would engage in sustainability initiatives and do not really know where to start; and (2) to give an indicator to companies who already have taken up sustainability initiatives and would like to establish an evaluation of it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Green Information and Communication Technology)
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