The Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 930

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Biodonostia, Infectious Diseases Area, Respiratory Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance Group, Microbiology Department, Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Donostialdea Integrated Health Organisation, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
2. Servicio de Microbiologia, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Paseo Dr Beguiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
Interests: respiratory infections; pneumococcal pneumonia; pneumococcal vaccines; lung microbiome

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pneumococcal disease is a vaccine-preventable illness that causes a significant amount of mortality worldwide, particularly among children aged under five years old. The use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines has led to a shift in the epidemiology of invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal diseases in regions where they have been implemented. In those who have been vaccinated, there has been a decrease in infections caused by vaccine serotypes, and the lower carriage of these serotypes has led to herd protection benefits for those who have not been vaccinated; however, the positive effects of conjugate vaccines have been undermined by the emergence and spread of non-vaccine serotypes, which threaten the efficacy of currently available vaccines. Many studies have been conducted globally to examine the effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines; however, ongoing research is still necessary to ensure the proper surveillance of pneumococcal disease until universal pneumococcal vaccines are developed.

We invite contributions of original reports, observations, or reviews on the following topics:

  1. Pneumococcal disease and vaccines.
  2. Vaccination and epidemiology.
  3. Current vaccines and emerging serotypes.
  4. Baseline studies of the PCV13 serotype before the implementation of higher-valent conjugate vaccines.

Dr. Jose María Marimón
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • pneumococcal conjugate vaccines
  • pneumococcal diseases
  • streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes
  • serotype replacement

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 991 KiB  
Article
The Health and Economic Effects of PCV15 and PCV20 During the First Year of Life in the US
by Aleksandar Ilic, Maria J. Tort, Alejandro Cane, Raymond A. Farkouh and Mark H. Rozenbaum
Vaccines 2024, 12(11), 1279; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12111279 - 14 Nov 2024
Viewed by 474
Abstract
(1) Background/Objectives: Two pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, 15-(PCV15) and 20-(PCV20) valent formulations, are routinely recommended for US children in a 3+1 schedule. The first three doses are administered during the first year of life at 2, 4, and 6 months, while a booster dose [...] Read more.
(1) Background/Objectives: Two pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, 15-(PCV15) and 20-(PCV20) valent formulations, are routinely recommended for US children in a 3+1 schedule. The first three doses are administered during the first year of life at 2, 4, and 6 months, while a booster dose is given at 12 to 15 months. This study evaluated the health and economic effects of the PCV20 infant series within the first year of life compared to PCV15. (2) Methods: Using a decision-analytic model, we calculated the health and economic effects of introducing PCV15 or PCV20 for five subsequent birth cohorts. Epidemiological data were drawn from peer-reviewed studies and estimates for vaccine effectiveness were extrapolated from established PCV13 effectiveness and PCV7 efficacy studies. Direct medical costs related to the disease treatment were extracted from the literature and inflated to 2024 dollars. (3) Results: Over the course of five years, the implementation of PCV20 vaccination for newborns in the United States, compared to PCV15, is projected to prevent an additional 220 cases of invasive pneumococcal disease, 6542 cases of community-acquired pneumonia, and 112,095 cases of otitis media within the first year of life across five subsequent birth cohorts. This strategy could prevent 66 infant deaths linked to these illnesses and confer extra health gains, amounting to 5058 years of life and 5037 quality-adjusted life years. These prevented cases are estimated to save approximately USD 147 million over 5 years. (4) Conclusions: This study demonstrated that vaccinating with PCV20 during the first 12 months of life compared to PCV15 in the US would yield a substantially greater health and economic return due to the five additional serotypes covered by PCV20. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Effectiveness of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines)
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