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Vaccines
Special Issues
Immunization of Children and Women against Infectious Diseases
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Immunization of Children and Women against Infectious Diseases

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Vaccines and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 12074

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Gilat Livni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 4920235 Tel Aviv, Israel
Interests: pediatrics; infectious diseases; mycology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vaccination is a highly effective method of preventing certain infectious diseases. Routine immunization programs protect most of the world’s children and women from a number of infectious diseases that previously caused millions of deaths each year. Furthermore, infectious disease occurs within the context of family systems, so it is not simply the children and women.

This Special Issue is open to any subject area related to children or women living with and affected by infectious disease.  Special attention will be paid to the burden of COVID-19 on children and women and immunization in children and women against infectious disease. We invite research employing quantitative and qualitative methods as well as contributions featuring under-researched populations.

Dr. Gilat Livni
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • immunization
  • infectious diseases

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4383 KiB  
Article
Status of Routine Immunization Coverage in the World Health Organization African Region Three Years into the COVID-19 Pandemic
by Franck Mboussou, Sarah Kada, Maria Carolina Danovaro-Holliday, Bridget Farham, Marta Gacic-Dobo, Jessica C. Shearer, Ado Bwaka, Adidja Amani, Roland Ngom, Yolande Vuo-Masembe, Charles Shey Wiysonge and Benido Impouma
Vaccines 2024, 12(2), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12020168 - 7 Feb 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3160
Abstract
Data from the WHO and UNICEF Estimates of National Immunization Coverage (WUENIC) 2022 revision were analyzed to assess the status of routine immunization in the WHO African Region disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, coverage for the first and third doses of [...] Read more.
Data from the WHO and UNICEF Estimates of National Immunization Coverage (WUENIC) 2022 revision were analyzed to assess the status of routine immunization in the WHO African Region disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, coverage for the first and third doses of the diphtheria–tetanus–pertussis-containing vaccine (DTP1 and DTP3, respectively) and the first dose of the measles-containing vaccine (MCV1) in the region was estimated at 80%, 72% and 69%, respectively (all below the 2019 level). Only 13 of the 47 countries (28%) achieved the global target coverage of 90% or above with DTP3 in 2022. From 2019 to 2022, 28.7 million zero-dose children were recorded (19.0% of the target population). Ten countries in the region accounted for 80.3% of all zero-dose children, including the four most populated countries. Reported administrative coverage greater than WUENIC-reported coverage was found in 19 countries, highlighting routine immunization data quality issues. The WHO African Region has not yet recovered from COVID-19 disruptions to routine immunization. It is critical for governments to ensure that processes are in place to prioritize investments for restoring immunization services, catching up on the vaccination of zero-dose and under-vaccinated children and improving data quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunization of Children and Women against Infectious Diseases)
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11 pages, 294 KiB  
Article
Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccines in Pregnant and Lactating Mexican Women and Breastfed Infants: A Survey-Based Study
by María Elena Camacho Moll, Ana María Salinas Martínez, Benjamín Tovar Cisneros, Juan Ignacio García Onofre, Gloria Navarrete Floriano and Mario Bermúdez de León
Vaccines 2023, 11(8), 1280; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081280 - 25 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2054
Abstract
COVID-19 vaccines’ safety has been extensively studied; however, further analysis is required in pregnant women, nursing mothers, and breastfed infants. Our aim was to compare the extension and severity of self-reported COVID-19 vaccine side effects in pregnant and breastfeeding women, and breastfed infants. [...] Read more.
COVID-19 vaccines’ safety has been extensively studied; however, further analysis is required in pregnant women, nursing mothers, and breastfed infants. Our aim was to compare the extension and severity of self-reported COVID-19 vaccine side effects in pregnant and breastfeeding women, and breastfed infants. In this cross-sectional study, COVID-19-vaccinated subjects were enrolled using an online survey in Mexico. Women were classified by pregnancy and breastfeeding status at the time of vaccination (n = 3167). After the first or only dose, there was a trend toward fewer systemic effects in pregnant women (p = 0.06). BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech) had a higher frequency of local symptoms in pregnancy. Lactating women experienced fewer local symptoms after the first or single dose (p = 0.04) and the opposite occurred after the second dose (p = 0.001). ChAdOx1 (AstraZeneca) increased the chances of developing both local and systemic symptoms after the first dose but decreased them after the second dose. The severity was similar across groups, although the result of lack of association in pregnancy requires studies with a larger sample size. Irritability was the most reported symptom in breastfed infants. This study contributes to the knowledge about the side effects in pregnant and lactating women, and breastfed babies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunization of Children and Women against Infectious Diseases)
16 pages, 1433 KiB  
Article
Correlates of Zero-Dose Vaccination Status among Children Aged 12–59 Months in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Multilevel Analysis of Individual and Contextual Factors
by Chamberline E. Ozigbu, Bankole Olatosi, Zhenlong Li, James W. Hardin and Nicole L. Hair
Vaccines 2022, 10(7), 1052; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10071052 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3601
Abstract
Despite ongoing efforts to improve childhood vaccination coverage, including in hard-to-reach and hard-to-vaccinate communities, many children in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remain unvaccinated. Considering recent goals set by the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030), including reducing the number of zero-dose children by half, research that [...] Read more.
Despite ongoing efforts to improve childhood vaccination coverage, including in hard-to-reach and hard-to-vaccinate communities, many children in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remain unvaccinated. Considering recent goals set by the Immunization Agenda 2030 (IA2030), including reducing the number of zero-dose children by half, research that goes beyond coverage to identify populations and groups at greater risk of being unvaccinated is urgently needed. This is a pooled cross-sectional study of individual- and country-level data obtained from Demographic and Health Surveys Program and two open data repositories. The sample includes 43,131 children aged 12–59 months sampled between 2010 and 2020 in 33 SSA countries. Associations of zero-dose status with individual and contextual factors were assessed using multilevel logistic regression. 16.5% of children had not received any vaccines. Individual level factors associated lower odds of zero-dose status included mother’s primary school or high school education, employment, use of antenatal care services and household wealth. Compared to children in countries with lower GDP, children in countries with relatively high GDP had nearly four times greater odds of being unvaccinated. Both individual and contextual factors are correlated with zero-dose status in SSA. Our results can inform efforts to identify and reach children who have not received any vaccines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunization of Children and Women against Infectious Diseases)
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14 pages, 2562 KiB  
Systematic Review
Pertussis Vaccines Scarcely Provide Protection against Bordetella parapertussis Infection in Children—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Arun Thachappully Remesh, Kalichamy Alagarasu, Santoshkumar Jadhav, Meera Prabhakar and Rajlakshmi Viswanathan
Vaccines 2024, 12(3), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12030253 - 28 Feb 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2656
Abstract
Background: Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a global public health concern. Pertussis vaccines have demonstrated good protection against Bordetella pertussis infections, but their effectiveness against Bordetella parapertussis remains debated due to conflicting study outcomes. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to [...] Read more.
Background: Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a global public health concern. Pertussis vaccines have demonstrated good protection against Bordetella pertussis infections, but their effectiveness against Bordetella parapertussis remains debated due to conflicting study outcomes. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the effectiveness of pertussis vaccines in protecting children against B. parapertussis infection. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that met inclusion criteria were included in the analysis. Results: The meta-analysis, involving 46,533 participants, revealed no significant protective effect of pertussis vaccination against B. parapertussis infection (risk ratio: 1.10, 95% confidence interval: 0.83 to 1.44). Subgroup analyses by vaccine type and study design revealed no significant protection. The dearth of recent data and a limited pool of eligible studies, particularly RCTs, underscore a critical gap that warrants future research in the domain. Conclusions: These findings offer crucial insights into the lack of effectiveness of pertussis vaccines against B. parapertussis. Given the rising incidence of cases and outbreaks, coupled with the lack of cross-protection by the existing vaccines, there is an urgent need to develop vaccines that include specific antigens to protect against B. parapertussis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunization of Children and Women against Infectious Diseases)
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