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Vaccines
Special Issues
Novel Vaccine Designs to Enhance the Engagement of Innate and...
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Novel Vaccine Designs to Enhance the Engagement of Innate and Adaptive Immunity

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Vaccine Adjuvants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 725

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Martin H. Bluth

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. Blood Transfusion and Donor Services, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
2. Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
Interests: biomarker discovery; clinical pathology; inflammation; immunotherapeutics; IgE/IgG antibody regulation; ADCC
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Fangfeng Yuan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 500 Main Street, Building 76-243, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA
Interests: novel vaccine development

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vaccination remains one of the most effective ways to prevent diseases. It has greatly reduced or eliminated numerous infectious conditions that previously caused significant morbidity and mortality. Antigen-presenting cells have a critical role in vaccine-induced immune activation. Antibody-modulated immunity can block pathogen infection of host cells, while cellular - based immunity can recognize and kill virus-infected cells. This special issue seeks insights into novel strategies to enhance vaccination-induced immunity. The topics include but are not limited to novel delivery tools to enhance antigen presentation, nucleic acid/protein engineering for immune enhancement, targeted delivery, novel adjuvants, strategies for genetically modified live vaccines and the immune related activities engaged in such approaches. We welcome original articles, perspectives, and reviews on vaccine development against infectious diseases affecting humans and animals.

Prof. Dr. Martin H. Bluth
Dr Fangfeng Yuan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vaccine
  • innate immunity
  • adaptive immunity
  • infectious disease
  • novel strategy
  • antigen delivery
  • protein engineering
  • adjuvants

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 2149 KiB  
Article
Differential Adjuvant Activity by Flagellins from Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
by Shengmei Pang, Mei Liu, Longlong Wang, Mingqing Shao, Guoqiang Zhu and Qiangde Duan
Vaccines 2024, 12(11), 1212; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12111212 - 25 Oct 2024
Viewed by 416
Abstract
(1) Background: The adjuvant properties of flagellin from various bacterial species have been extensively studied; however, a systematic comparison of the immunoadjuvant effects of flagellins from different bacterial species is lacking. This study aims to analyze the amino acid sequences and structural [...] Read more.
(1) Background: The adjuvant properties of flagellin from various bacterial species have been extensively studied; however, a systematic comparison of the immunoadjuvant effects of flagellins from different bacterial species is lacking. This study aims to analyze the amino acid sequences and structural features of flagellins from Escherichia coli (FliCE.C), Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (FliCS.T), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (FliCP.A), and to evaluate their adjuvant activities in terms of Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) activation, antibody production, and cytokine responses in a murine model. (2) Methods: Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to compare the amino acid sequences and structural domains (D0, D1, D2, and D3) of flagellins from the three bacterial species. PyMol atomic models were used to confirm structural differences. Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) activation assays were performed to measure IL-8 and TNF-α production in vitro. The IgG antibody titers against the model antigen FaeG and cytokine responses, including IL-4 and TNF-α secretion were evaluated in a murine model. (3) Results: Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the D0 and D1 domains are highly conserved, whereas the D2 and D3 domains exhibit significant variability across the three species. Structural analysis via PyMol confirmed these differences, particularly in the D2 and D3 domains. TLR5 activation assays showed that FliCS.T and FliCP.A induced higher levels of IL-8 and TNF-α production compared to FliCE.C, indicating species-specific variations in TLR5 activation. In the murine model, FliCS.T as an adjuvant produced higher antibody titers against FaeG and increased IL-4 secretion in splenocytes compared to FliCE.C and FliCP.A. FliCP.A induced higher TNF-α expression than FliCS.T and FliCE.C, suggesting FliCS.T and FliCP.A are more effective at inducing T-cell responses. (4) Conclusions: This study highlights the potential of FliCS.T and FliCP.A as potent vaccine adjuvants. The results provide insights into the structure–function relationships of these flagellins and support their application in enhancing immune responses against diverse pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Vaccine Designs to Enhance the Engagement of Innate and Adaptive Immunity)
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