Vaccine Development for Arboviruses

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Vaccines against Tropical and other Infectious Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2024) | Viewed by 5219

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
Interests: rabies virus; hepatitis B virus; subunit vaccine; oral vaccines; DNA vaccine

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Guest Editor
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan University, Changsha, China
Interests: pathogen and antigen identification; genetic variation analysis of emerging animal viral infectious diseases; pathogenicity and pathogenesis of important animal viral pathogens (circovirus, parvovirus, astrovirus, coronavirus, hepatitis E virus)

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

As you are already aware, with the process of population globalization, the risk of virus spillovers from wildlife and mosquito vectors increases. Even as the coronavirus pandemic raged around the world and people were largely grounded, new infectious diseases still emerged from time to time. However, common human diseases such as hepatitis B and AIDS are still in lack of specific and radical drugs for a long time. Although effective vaccines are available for some diseases, there are still shortcomings such as low protection rate and short protection period. For the novel coronavirus outbreak, while the global scientific community and industry have invested a lot of manpower, material resources and funds, developed a series of vaccines, and achieved the unprecedented high coverage of vaccination, it has not been able to end the epidemic. The rabies with high fatality rate among zoonotic diseases is still mainly used inactivated vaccines. The dengue virus among arboviruses has a few vaccines, but it still has the risk of causing severe illness. A vaccine for Zika has not yet been developed. 

With the progress of technology and the deepening of basic theories, such as reverse genetics technology, PROTACs and mRNA technology, the application or integration of them in vaccine development will effectively promote the development of the vaccine industry, solve the problems that cannot be solved by traditional vaccines, and even expand the concept of vaccine from prevention to treatment. Thus, the public health burden caused by viral infectious diseases will be reduced to a minimum, and the happiness index of human life will be effectively improved. 

To achieve a more extensive understanding of recent scientific knowledge and current trends in novel  strategies in vaccine development, this Special issue is focused on the recent scientific and technical progresses made in this field. Based on your extensive knowledge and experience, we invite you to contribute with an original research article, or review, to highlight (i) new vaccine technology development, (ii) effective integration of new technologies with vaccine development, (iii) application and evaluation of novel vaccines, and (iv) recent advances in novel prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.

Dr. Jinyang Zhang
Dr. Chaoting Xiao
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • oral vaccine
  • therapeutic vaccine
  • DNA vaccine
  • mRNA vaccine
  • subunit vaccine
  • plant derived vaccines
  • reverse genetics approaches for live-attenuated vaccine development
  • PROTACs strategies for live-attenuated vaccine
  • reverse vaccinology
  • other related topics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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16 pages, 314 KiB  
Review
Development of Vaccines against Emerging Mosquito-Vectored Arbovirus Infections
by Nicola Principi and Susanna Esposito
Vaccines 2024, 12(1), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12010087 - 15 Jan 2024
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2635
Abstract
Among emergent climate-sensitive infectious diseases, some mosquito-vectored arbovirus infections have epidemiological, social, and economic effects. Dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) disease, previously common only in the tropics, currently pose a major risk to global health and are [...] Read more.
Among emergent climate-sensitive infectious diseases, some mosquito-vectored arbovirus infections have epidemiological, social, and economic effects. Dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), and Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) disease, previously common only in the tropics, currently pose a major risk to global health and are expected to expand dramatically in the near future if adequate containment measures are not implemented. The lack of safe and effective vaccines is critical as it seems likely that emerging mosquito-vectored arbovirus infections will be con-trolled only when effective and safe vaccines against each of these infections become available. This paper discusses the clinical characteristics of DENV, WNV, and CHIKV infections and the state of development of vaccines against these viruses. An ideal vaccine should be able to evoke with a single administration a prompt activation of B and T cells, adequate concentrations of protecting/neutralizing antibodies, and the creation of a strong immune memory capable of triggering an effective secondary antibody response after new infection with a wild-type and/or mutated infectious agent. Moreover, the vaccine should be well tolerated, safe, easily administrated, cost-effective, and widely available throughout the world. However, the development of vaccines against emerging mosquito-vectored arbovirus diseases is far from being satisfactory, and it seems likely that it will take many years before effective and safe vaccines for all these infections are made available worldwide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vaccine Development for Arboviruses)

Other

Jump to: Review

11 pages, 1895 KiB  
Brief Report
Immunity to Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus NS3 Protein Induced with a Recombinant Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara Fails to Afford Mice Protection against TBEV Infection
by Mareike Kubinski, Jana Beicht, Thomas Gerlach, Amare Aregay, Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus, Alina Tscherne, Gerd Sutter, Chittappen Kandiyil Prajeeth and Guus F. Rimmelzwaan
Vaccines 2024, 12(1), 105; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12010105 - 20 Jan 2024
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Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious neurological disease caused by TBE virus (TBEV). Because antiviral treatment options are not available, vaccination is the key prophylactic measure against TBEV infections. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, cases of vaccination breakthrough infections have been reported. [...] Read more.
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious neurological disease caused by TBE virus (TBEV). Because antiviral treatment options are not available, vaccination is the key prophylactic measure against TBEV infections. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, cases of vaccination breakthrough infections have been reported. The multienzymatic non-structural protein 3 (NS3) of orthoflaviviruses plays an important role in polyprotein processing and virus replication. In the present study, we evaluated NS3 of TBEV as a potential vaccine target for the induction of protective immunity. To this end, a recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara that drives the expression of the TBEV NS3 gene (MVA-NS3) was constructed. MVA-NS3 was used to immunize C57BL/6 mice. It induced NS3-specific immune responses, in particular T cell responses, especially against the helicase domain of NS3. However, MVA-NS3-immunized mice were not protected from subsequent challenge infection with a lethal dose of the TBEV strain Neudoerfl, indicating that in contrast to immunity to prME and NS1, NS3-specific immunity is not an independent correlate of protection against TBEV in this mouse model. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vaccine Development for Arboviruses)
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