Comorbidity and Autoimmune Connective Tissue Disorders: From Bench to Bedside

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 26272

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: immunology; autoimmunity; allergic and inflammatory diseases; autoimmune diseases; allergen immunotherapy; biological therapies; bronchial asthma; fibroblasts; hereditary angioedema; bradykinin; VEGF
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Translational Medical Sciences (DiSMeT), Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), WAO Center of Excellence, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: immunology; autoimmune diseases, allergic and inflammatory diseases; biological therapies; basophils; mast cells; fibroblasts; uPAR/uPAR system and its involvement in inflammation; VEGF and its receptors; FPRs receptors; tissue repair processes and tissue remodeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Autoimmune connective tissue disorders are often associated with one or more comorbidities such as musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, or gastrointestinal diseases. Although some of these associations are well known, the relationship between comorbidities, polypharmacy, and symptoms of the underlying disease burden is often unclear. In addition, the diagnosis of many comorbidities of autoimmune connective tissue disorders is usually conducted at a late stage, and thus associated with poor prognosis. Therefore, novel high-sensitivity, standardized, non-invasive, cost- and time-effective tools are needed to diagnose these conditions early. With this broad research theme in mind, we welcome manuscripts from several perspectives, including basic, clinical and translational research, in order to provide important insight into the features, biomarkers and predictive factors of comorbidities in autoimmune connective tissue disorders. In addition, this theme could be useful for planning new intervention strategies for patients with autoimmune connective tissue disorders within a multi-specialist and multi-parametric approach. Studies on safety, efficacy, and recommendations for vaccination in individuals with autoimmune diseases and comorbidities are also welcome. We look forward to receiving your contributions to the Special Issue.

Dr. Ilaria Mormile
Prof. Dr. Francesca Wanda Rossi
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • autoimmunity
  • autoimmune diseases
  • connective tissue disorders
  • comorbidity
  • immunology
  • immune system
  • inflammation

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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18 pages, 1126 KiB  
Review
Calcinosis Cutis and Calciphylaxis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases
by Ilaria Mormile, Francesca Mosella, Piergiorgio Turco, Filomena Napolitano, Amato de Paulis and Francesca Wanda Rossi
Vaccines 2023, 11(5), 898; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050898 - 25 Apr 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5172
Abstract
Calcinosis represents a severe complication of several autoimmune disorders. Soft-tissue calcifications have been classified into five major types: dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, iatrogenic, and calciphylaxis. Autoimmune diseases are usually associated with dystrophic calcifications, including calcinosis cutis, occurring in damaged or devitalized tissues in the [...] Read more.
Calcinosis represents a severe complication of several autoimmune disorders. Soft-tissue calcifications have been classified into five major types: dystrophic, metastatic, idiopathic, iatrogenic, and calciphylaxis. Autoimmune diseases are usually associated with dystrophic calcifications, including calcinosis cutis, occurring in damaged or devitalized tissues in the presence of normal serum levels of calcium and phosphate. In particular, calcinosis cutis has been described in dermatomyositis, polymyositis, juvenile dermatomyositis, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, primary Sjögren’s syndrome, overlap syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Calciphylaxis, a severe and life-threatening syndrome presenting with vascular calcifications and thrombosis, has also been associated with some autoimmune conditions. Due to the potentially disabling character of calcinosis cutis and calciphylaxis, physicians’ awareness about the clinical presentation and management of these diseases should be increased to select the most appropriate treatment option and avoid long-term complications. In this review, we aim to analyze the clinical features of calcinosis cutis and calciphylaxis associated with autoimmune diseases, and the main treatment strategies evaluated up to now for treating this potentially disabling disease. Full article
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39 pages, 1033 KiB  
Systematic Review
New-Onset Rheumatic Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations until May 2023: A Systematic Review
by Arvind Nune, Victor Durkowski, S. Sujitha Pillay, Bhupen Barman, Helen Elwell, Kaustubh Bora, Syed Bilgrami, Sajid Mahmood, Nasarulla Babajan, Srinivasan Venkatachalam, Lesley Ottewell and Ciro Manzo
Vaccines 2023, 11(10), 1571; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11101571 - 8 Oct 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 20540
Abstract
A comprehensive, up-to-date systematic review (SR) of the new-onset rheumatic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (R-IMIDs) following COVID-19 vaccinations is lacking. Therefore, we investigated the demographics, management, and prognosis of new R-IMIDs in adults following SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. A systematic literature search of Medline, Embase, Google [...] Read more.
A comprehensive, up-to-date systematic review (SR) of the new-onset rheumatic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (R-IMIDs) following COVID-19 vaccinations is lacking. Therefore, we investigated the demographics, management, and prognosis of new R-IMIDs in adults following SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. A systematic literature search of Medline, Embase, Google Scholar, LitCovid, and Cochrane was conducted. We included any English-language study that reported new-onset R-IMID in adults following the post-COVID-19 vaccination. A total of 271 cases were reported from 39 countries between January 2021 and May 2023. The mean age of patients was 56 (range 18–90), and most were females (170, 62.5%). Most (153, 56.5%) received the Pfizer BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. Nearly 50% of patients developed R-IMID after the second dose of the vaccine. Vasculitis was the most prevalent clinical presentation (86, 31.7%), followed by connective tissue disease (66, 24.3%). The mean duration between the vaccine’s ‘trigger’ dose and R-IMID was 11 days. Most (220, 81.2%) received corticosteroids; however, 42% (115) received DMARDs such as methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, tocilizumab, anakinra, IV immunoglobulins, plasma exchange, or rituximab. Complete remission was achieved in 75 patients (27.7%), and 137 (50.6%) improved following the treatment. Two patients died due to myositis. This SR highlights that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines may trigger R-IMID; however, further epidemiology studies are required. Full article
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