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Vaccines
Special Issues
B Lymphocytes (B Cells) and Derived Antibodies
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B Lymphocytes (B Cells) and Derived Antibodies

A special issue of Vaccines (ISSN 2076-393X). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular/Molecular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2022) | Viewed by 18340

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Naeem Khan

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Center for Immunobiology, WMU Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49007-7000, USA
Interests: B cells immunobiology; innate immunity; B1 B cells; natural antibodies; B cell receptor signaling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ajay Suresh Akhade

E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
Institute for Systems Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
Interests: innate immune response; toll-like receptor; host-microbe interactions; autoinflammation disorder

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

B lymphocytes, commonly termed "B cells", generate antibodies that are a key feature of the body's defense against infectious diseases and other illnesses, but in autoimmune dyscrasias can produce antibodies against self-components (autoantibodies) that participate in tissue destruction. Thus, proper activation and modulation of B cell activity is critical to the generation of correctly targeted and appropriately sized responses. Recent findings have revealed complex roles for B cells that include cytokine secretion and regulation of other immune cells.

This special Issue will strive to present all facets of B cells with a focus on B cells development, B cells activation and antibody production, B cells respond to external signals, B cells functions influenced by age and disease, antibody repertoire, and vaccine development. The goal of this issue is to provide readers a comprehensive insight into the increasingly important role of B cells and antibody in both clinical and research laboratories. The aim of this research topic is to collect recent updates and novel findings to elucidate the role of B cells and antibody in host defense and immunopathogenesis. We are inviting original research articles, reviews, mini-reviews, and methods discussing the multifaceted roles of B cells and antibodies.

Dr. Naeem Khan
Dr. Ajay Suresh Akhade
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Vaccines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • B cells
  • Antibody and antibody repertoire
  • Vaccines
  • B cell receptor signaling
  • B1 B cell
  • Signal integration and receptor cross-talk

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

15 pages, 1242 KiB  
Review
B-Cell-Based Immunotherapy: A Promising New Alternative
by Sneh Lata Gupta, Naeem Khan, Srijani Basu and Vijay Soni
Vaccines 2022, 10(6), 879; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060879 - 31 May 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 5796
Abstract
The field of immunotherapy has undergone radical conceptual changes over the last decade. There are various examples of immunotherapy, including the use of monoclonal antibodies, cancer vaccines, tumor-infecting viruses, cytokines, adjuvants, and autologous T cells carrying chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that can bind [...] Read more.
The field of immunotherapy has undergone radical conceptual changes over the last decade. There are various examples of immunotherapy, including the use of monoclonal antibodies, cancer vaccines, tumor-infecting viruses, cytokines, adjuvants, and autologous T cells carrying chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that can bind cancer-specific antigens known as adoptive immunotherapy. While a lot has been achieved in the field of T-cell immunotherapy, only a fraction of patients (20%) see lasting benefits from this mode of treatment, which is why there is a critical need to turn our attention to other immune cells. B cells have been shown to play both anti- and pro-tumorigenic roles in tumor tissue. In this review, we shed light on the dual nature of B cells in the tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we discussed the different factors affecting the biology and function of B cells in tumors. In the third section, we described B-cell-based immunotherapies and their clinical applications and challenges. These current studies provide a springboard for carrying out future mechanistic studies to help us unleash the full potential of B cells in immunotherapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue B Lymphocytes (B Cells) and Derived Antibodies)
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12 pages, 601 KiB  
Review
B Cell Responses upon Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection and Vaccination
by Priya R. Prabhu, Joseph J. Carter and Denise A. Galloway
Vaccines 2022, 10(6), 837; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060837 - 25 May 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 5420
Abstract
Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the necessary cause of cervical cancer. Availability of vaccines against HPV makes it a highly preventable disease. HPV vaccines act through type-specific neutralizing antibodies produced by antigen-specific plasma cells known as long-lived plasma cells (LLPC). However, just [...] Read more.
Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) is the necessary cause of cervical cancer. Availability of vaccines against HPV makes it a highly preventable disease. HPV vaccines act through type-specific neutralizing antibodies produced by antigen-specific plasma cells known as long-lived plasma cells (LLPC). However, just as any other vaccine, success of HPV vaccine is attributed to the immunologic memory that it builds, which is largely attained through generation and maintenance of a class of B cells named memory B cells (Bmem). Both LLPCs and Bmems are important in inducing and maintaining immune memory and it is therefore necessary to understand their role after HPV vaccination to better predict outcomes. This review summarizes current knowledge of B-cell responses following HPV vaccination and natural infection, including molecular signatures associated with these responses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue B Lymphocytes (B Cells) and Derived Antibodies)
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38 pages, 11270 KiB  
Review
The Role of B-Cells and Antibodies against Candida Vaccine Antigens in Invasive Candidiasis
by Manisha Shukla, Pankaj Chandley and Soma Rohatgi
Vaccines 2021, 9(10), 1159; https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101159 - 10 Oct 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 5801
Abstract
Systemic candidiasis is an invasive fungal infection caused by members of the genus Candida. The recent emergence of antifungal drug resistance and increased incidences of infections caused by non-albicans Candida species merit the need for developing immune therapies against Candida infections. Although the [...] Read more.
Systemic candidiasis is an invasive fungal infection caused by members of the genus Candida. The recent emergence of antifungal drug resistance and increased incidences of infections caused by non-albicans Candida species merit the need for developing immune therapies against Candida infections. Although the role of cellular immune responses in anti-Candida immunity is well established, less is known about the role of humoral immunity against systemic candidiasis. This review summarizes currently available information on humoral immune responses induced by several promising Candida vaccine candidates, which have been identified in the past few decades. The protective antibody and B-cell responses generated by polysaccharide antigens such as mannan, β-glucan, and laminarin, as well as protein antigens like agglutinin-like sequence gene (Als3), secreted aspartyl proteinase (Sap2), heat shock protein (Hsp90), hyphally-regulated protein (Hyr1), hyphal wall protein (Hwp1), enolase (Eno), phospholipase (PLB), pyruvate kinase (Pk), fructose bisphosphate aldolase (Fba1), superoxide dismutase gene (Sod5) and malate dehydrogenase (Mdh1), are outlined. As per studies reviewed, antibodies induced in response to leading Candida vaccine candidates contribute to protection against systemic candidiasis by utilizing a variety of mechanisms such as opsonization, complement fixation, neutralization, biofilm inhibition, direct candidacidal activity, etc. The contributions of B-cells in controlling fungal infections are also discussed. Promising results using anti-Candida monoclonal antibodies for passive antibody therapy reinforces the need for developing antibody-based therapeutics including anti-idiotypic antibodies, single-chain variable fragments, peptide mimotopes, and antibody-derived peptides. Future research involving combinatorial immunotherapies using humanized monoclonal antibodies along with antifungal drugs/cytokines may prove beneficial for treating invasive fungal infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue B Lymphocytes (B Cells) and Derived Antibodies)
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