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9 pages, 2006 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Let-7f-5p Modulates Lipid Metabolism by Targeting Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 2 in Response to PRRSV Infection

by Dongfeng Jiang, Liyu Yang, Xiangge Meng, Qiuliang Xu, Xiang Zhou and Bang Liu

Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(9), 392; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11090392 - 26 Aug 2024

Viewed by 1188

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has caused substantial damage to the pig industry. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were found to play crucial roles in modulating the pathogenesis of PRRS virus (PRRSV). In the present study, we revealed that PRRSV induced let-7f-5p to influence lipid [...] Read more.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) has caused substantial damage to the pig industry. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) were found to play crucial roles in modulating the pathogenesis of PRRS virus (PRRSV). In the present study, we revealed that PRRSV induced let-7f-5p to influence lipid metabolism to regulate PRRSV pathogenesis. A transcriptome analysis of PRRSV-infected PK15^CD163 cells transfected with let-7f-5p mimics or negative control (NC) generated 1718 differentially expressed genes, which were primarily associated with lipid metabolism processes. Furthermore, the master regulator of lipogenesis SREBP2 was found to be directly targeted by let-7f-5p using a dual-luciferase reporter system and Western blotting. The findings demonstrate that let-7f-5p modulates lipogenesis by targeting SREBP2, providing novel insights into miRNA-mediated PRRSV pathogenesis and offering a potential antiviral therapeutic target. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Innovative Breeding in Pigs)

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15 pages, 3390 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Comparative Analysis of Structural Composition and Function of Intestinal Microbiota between Chinese Indigenous Laiwu Pigs and Commercial DLY Pigs

by Chao Li, Xueyan Zhao, Guisheng Zhao, Haipeng Xue, Yanping Wang, Yifan Ren, Jingxuan Li, Huaizhong Wang, Jiying Wang and Qinye Song

Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(8), 524; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10080524 - 16 Aug 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1815

Abstract

Intestinal microbiota has an important impact on pig phenotypes. Previous studies mainly focused on the microbiota of feces and worldwide farmed commercial pigs, while research on the microbiota of various intestinal sections and indigenous pig breeds is very limited. This study aimed to [...] Read more.

Intestinal microbiota has an important impact on pig phenotypes. Previous studies mainly focused on the microbiota of feces and worldwide farmed commercial pigs, while research on the microbiota of various intestinal sections and indigenous pig breeds is very limited. This study aimed to characterize and compare the biogeography of intestinal microbiota in pigs of one Chinese indigenous breed and one commercial crossbred. In this study, we sequenced the microbiota of six intestinal segments in the grown-up pigs of a Chinese indigenous breed, Laiwu pigs, and the worldwide farmed crossbred Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire (DLY) pigs by 16S rRNA sequencing, characterized the biogeography of intestinal microbiota, and compared the compositional and functional differences between the two breeds. The results showed that there were obvious differences in microbial structure and abundance between the small and large intestines. Laiwu pigs had higher large intestinal diversity than DLY pigs, while DLY pigs had higher small intestinal diversity than Laiwu pigs. Moreover, some specific bacterial taxa and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were found to be related to the high fat deposition and good meat quality of Laiwu pigs and the high growth speed and lean meat rate of DLY pigs. This study provides an insight into the shifts in taxonomic composition, microbial diversity, and functional profile of intestinal microbiota in six intestinal segments of Laiwu and DLY pigs, which would be essential for exploring the potential influence of the host’s genetic background on variation in microbiota composition and diversity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Innovative Breeding in Pigs)

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11 pages, 1997 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Identification of Candidate Genes for Min Pig Villi Hair Traits by Genome-Wide Association of Copy Number Variation

by Xinmiao He, Ming Tian, Wentao Wang, Yanzhong Feng, Zhongqiu Li, Jiahui Wang, Yan Song, Jinfeng Zhang and Di Liu

Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(5), 307; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10050307 - 23 Apr 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1674

Abstract

The Min pig is a famous native pig breed in northeast China, which has the special genetic character of villi hair growth in cold seasons. At present, little research has focused on the genetic mechanism of villi hair growth in Min pigs. Copy [...] Read more.

The Min pig is a famous native pig breed in northeast China, which has the special genetic character of villi hair growth in cold seasons. At present, little research has focused on the genetic mechanism of villi hair growth in Min pigs. Copy number variations (CNVs) are a type of variant that may influence many traits. In this study, we first investigated the phenotype of Large White × Min pigs’ F2 pig villi hair in detail and then performed a CNV-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) between CNVs and pig villi hair appearance. Finally, a total number of 15 significant CNVRs were found to be associated with Min pig villi hair. The most significant CNVR was located on chromosome 1. Nearest gene annotation analysis indicated that the pig villi hair traits may be associated with the biological process of the G-protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway. QTL overlapping analysis found that among the CNVRs, 14 CNVRs could be co-located with known QTLs. Some genes such as MCHR2, LTBP2, and GFRA2 may be candidate genes for pig villi traits and are worth further study. Our study may provide a basic reference for the selection and breeding of cold-resistant pigs and outdoor breeding. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Innovative Breeding in Pigs)

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12 pages, 3389 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Assessment of the Macrophage Scavenger Receptor CD163 in Mediating Glaesserella parasuis Infection of Host Cells

by Xiangwei Deng, Shuilian Li, Ying Zhu, Bo Yu, Jing Zhang, Qianhai Fang, Zhimin Li, Hongbo Chen and Huanhuan Zhou

Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(3), 235; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10030235 - 21 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2273 | Correction

Abstract

The macrophage CD163 surface glycoprotein is a member of the SRCR family class B, which has been identified as the key trigger in host–pathogen interactions, but its specific roles in sensing Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) infection are largely unknown. Here, we [...] Read more.

The macrophage CD163 surface glycoprotein is a member of the SRCR family class B, which has been identified as the key trigger in host–pathogen interactions, but its specific roles in sensing Glaesserella parasuis (G. parasuis) infection are largely unknown. Here, we investigated porcine CD163 in mediating the adhesion and immune response of G. parasuis using in vitro host–bacteria interaction models. CD163-overexpressing Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells (CHO-K1) showed obvious subcellular localization in the cytoplasm, especially in the cytomembrane. Although detection using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the bacterial adhesion, there was no significant difference in the adhesion of G. parasuis to CHO-K1 cells between the presence and absence of CD163. In addition, similar results were observed in 3D4/21 cells. Meanwhile, bindings of G. parasuis to nine synthetic peptides, the bacterial binding motifs within SRCR domains of CD163, were weak based on a solid-phase adhesion assay and agglutination assay. Moreover, CD163 had no effect on the expression of G. parasuis-induced inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, INF-γ, IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-β) in CHO-K1 cells. In conclusion, these findings indicate that porcine CD163 plays a minor role in sensing G. parasuis infection. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Innovative Breeding in Pigs)

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24 pages, 6075 KiB

Open AccessArticle

2,5-Hexanedione Affects Ovarian Granulosa Cells in Swine by Regulating the CDKN1A Gene: A Transcriptome Analysis

by Yige Chen, Chengcheng Kong, Min Yang, Yangguang Liu, Zheng Han, Liming Xu, Xianrui Zheng, Yueyun Ding, Zongjun Yin and Xiaodong Zhang

Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(3), 201; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10030201 - 7 Mar 2023

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Abstract

N-hexane, a common industrial organic solvent, causes multiple organ damage owing to its metabolite, 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD). To identify and evaluate the effects of 2,5-HD on sows’ reproductive performance, we used porcine ovarian granulosa cells (pGCs) as a vehicle and carried out cell morphology [...] Read more.

N-hexane, a common industrial organic solvent, causes multiple organ damage owing to its metabolite, 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD). To identify and evaluate the effects of 2,5-HD on sows’ reproductive performance, we used porcine ovarian granulosa cells (pGCs) as a vehicle and carried out cell morphology and transcriptome analyses. 2,5-HD has the potential to inhibit the proliferation of pGCs and induce morphological changes and apoptosis depending on the dose. RNA-seq analyses identified 4817 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 2394 down-regulated and 2423 up-regulated following 2,5-HD exposure treatment. The DEG, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), according to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis, was significantly enriched in the p53 signaling pathway. Thus, we evaluated its function in pGC apoptosis in vitro. Then, we knocked down the CDKN1A gene in the pGCs to identify its effects on pGCs. Its knockdown decreased pGC apoptosis, with significantly fewer cells in the G1 phase (p < 0.05) and very significantly more cells in the S phase (p < 0.01). Herein, we revealed novel candidate genes that influence pGCs apoptosis and cell cycle and provided new insights into the role of CDKN1A in pGCs during apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Innovative Breeding in Pigs)

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11 pages, 10760 KiB

Open AccessArticle

miR-708-5p Regulates Myoblast Proliferation and Differentiation

by Xueli Xu, Hui Lu, Dong Xu, Zonggang Yu, Nini Ai, Kaiming Wang, Xintong Li, Jun He, Jun Jiang, Haiming Ma and Yuebo Zhang

Vet. Sci. 2022, 9(11), 641; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9110641 - 18 Nov 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2427

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators involved in the myogenic process in skeletal muscles. miR-708-5p plays an important role in various biochemical and physiological processes, but its function in skeletal myogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we first explored the effects of miR-708-5p on [...] Read more.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators involved in the myogenic process in skeletal muscles. miR-708-5p plays an important role in various biochemical and physiological processes, but its function in skeletal myogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we first explored the effects of miR-708-5p on C2C12 proliferation and differentiation by overexpression and interference experiments. Then, we predicted the target genes of miR-708-5p and analyzed their function. We found that miR-708-5p was gradually increased during myoblast differentiation. Overexpression of miR-708-5p significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted the differentiation of myoblasts. A total of 253 target genes were predicted using a bioinformatics approach. These genes were significantly enriched in muscle growth-related GO terms and KEGG pathways, such as actin filament organization, actin cytoskeleton organization, PI3K-Akt pathway, insulin pathway, and Jak-STAT pathway. Among them, Pik3ca, Pik3r3, and Irs1 were considered to be the key target genes of miR-708-5p. To sum up, miR-708-5p inhibited C2C12 cells proliferation and promoted C2C12 cells differentiation. Its target genes significantly enriched in GO terms and KEGG pathways related to the development and growth of muscle. Our results provided a basis for studies on the function and mechanism of miR-708-5p regulating skeletal muscle growth and development. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Innovative Breeding in Pigs)

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14 pages, 3986 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Genes Contributed to Min Pig Villi Hair Follicle in Different Seasons

by Ming Tian, Xinmiao He, Wentao Wang, Yanzhong Feng, Dongjie Zhang, Zhongqiu Li and Di Liu

Vet. Sci. 2022, 9(11), 639; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9110639 - 17 Nov 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2463

Abstract

The Min pig, a local pig breed in China, has a special trait which has intermittent villus and coat hair regeneration. However, the regulation and mechanism of villus in Min pigs have not yet been described. We observed and described the phenotype of [...] Read more.

The Min pig, a local pig breed in China, has a special trait which has intermittent villus and coat hair regeneration. However, the regulation and mechanism of villus in Min pigs have not yet been described. We observed and described the phenotype of Min pig dermal villi in detail and sequenced the mRNA transcriptome of Min pig hair follicles. A total of 1520 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were obtained.K-means hierarchical clustering showed that there was a significant expression pattern difference in winter compared with summer. Gene enrichment and network analysis results showed that the hair growth in Min pigs was closely related to the composition of desmosomes and regulated by an interaction network composed of eight core genes, namely DSP, DSC3, DSG4, PKP1, TGM1, KRT4, KRT15, and KRT84. Methylation analysis of promoters of target genes showed that the PKP1 gene was demethylated. Our study will help to supplement current knowledge of the growth mechanism of different types of hair. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Innovative Breeding in Pigs)

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2 pages, 579 KiB

Open AccessCorrection

Correction: Deng et al. Assessment of the Macrophage Scavenger Receptor CD163 in Mediating Glaesserella parasuis Infection of Host Cells. Vet. Sci. 2023, 10, 235

by Xiangwei Deng, Shuilian Li, Ying Zhu, Bo Yu, Jing Zhang, Qianhai Fang, Zhimin Li, Hongbo Chen and Huanhuan Zhou

Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(7), 458; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10070458 - 12 Jul 2023

Viewed by 1123

Abstract

In the original publication [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetic Diversity, Conservation, and Innovative Breeding in Pigs)

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