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Veterinary Sciences
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Round Cell Tumors of Animals
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Round Cell Tumors of Animals

A special issue of Veterinary Sciences (ISSN 2306-7381). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Biomedical Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 April 2025 | Viewed by 17849

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Valeria Martini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy
Interests: lymphoma; leukemia; flow cytometry; pathogenesis; prognosis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue on “Round Cell Tumors of Animals”. Round cell tumors, especially hematopoietic disorders, have an increasing incidence in animals. Veterinary oncologists and clinicians must deal with pet owners asking for the most up-to-date treatment regimens. Still, the pathogenesis of round cell tumors is far from being elucidated, and outcome prediction is still difficult and imprecise. This Special Issue aims to deepen the knowledge of the pathogenesis of round cell tumors in animals, with a particular focus on pathogenetic aspects with clinical and prognostic relevance. Research articles and reviews are welcome, as well as case reports.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Valeria Martini
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Veterinary Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2100 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lymphoma

  • leukemia
  • mast cell tumor
  • plasma cell tumor
  • histiocytic disorders

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 1141 KiB  
Article
Tumor Grade and Mitotic Count Are Prognostic for Dogs with Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors Treated with Surgery and Adjuvant or Neoadjuvant Vinblastine Chemotherapy
by Kristina Anderson, MacKenzie Pellin, Elizabeth Snyder and Dawn Clarke
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(8), 363; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11080363 - 10 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1661
Abstract
Objective: Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (cMCTs) have variable rates of recurrence and metastasis. We evaluated how various prognostic factors affect survival, recurrence, and metastasis in dogs with cMCT who underwent surgery and vinblastine chemotherapy. Animals: 90 dogs with cMCT treated with surgery [...] Read more.
Objective: Canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (cMCTs) have variable rates of recurrence and metastasis. We evaluated how various prognostic factors affect survival, recurrence, and metastasis in dogs with cMCT who underwent surgery and vinblastine chemotherapy. Animals: 90 dogs with cMCT treated with surgery and vinblastine at a veterinary referral institution were included. Methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Prognostic factors were evaluated. Results: Most dogs (94%) had grade 2 or 3 cMCTs. Neoadjuvant vinblastine was used in 18 dogs, and none progressed locally before surgery. The use of neoadjuvant vinblastine was associated with a higher chance of local recurrence (p = 0.03) but not survival. Shorter survival times were found for tumors that were high-grade (p < 0.001), grade 3 (p < 0.001), or a MC of >5 (p < 0.001). Dogs with grade 2 tumors that were low-grade lived longer than those with high-grade tumors (p < 0.001). Histologic tumor-free margins and the ability to achieve local tumor control were not associated with outcome. Clinical Relevance: Both grading systems and MC were prognostic for survival in this population of dogs, supporting the need for the standard reporting of histopathologic findings. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be effective in downsizing cMCTs but does not influence survival. These findings are consistent with previous publications, showing the benefits of a more modern population of patients, surgical treatments, and histopathologic assessments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Round Cell Tumors of Animals)
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11 pages, 2724 KiB  
Article
Atypical Mitotic Figures Are Prognostically Meaningful for Canine Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors
by Christof A. Bertram, Alexander Bartel, Taryn A. Donovan and Matti Kiupel
Vet. Sci. 2024, 11(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11010005 - 20 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4775
Abstract
Cell division through mitosis (microscopically visible as mitotic figures, MFs) is a highly regulated process. However, neoplastic cells may exhibit errors in chromosome segregation (microscopically visible as atypical mitotic figures, AMFs) resulting in aberrant chromosome structures. AMFs have been shown to be of [...] Read more.
Cell division through mitosis (microscopically visible as mitotic figures, MFs) is a highly regulated process. However, neoplastic cells may exhibit errors in chromosome segregation (microscopically visible as atypical mitotic figures, AMFs) resulting in aberrant chromosome structures. AMFs have been shown to be of prognostic relevance for some neoplasms in humans but not in animals. In this study, the prognostic relevance of AMFs was evaluated for canine cutaneous mast cell tumors (ccMCT). Histological examination was conducted by one pathologist in whole slide images of 96 cases of ccMCT with a known survival time. Tumor-related death occurred in 11/18 high-grade and 2/78 low-grade cases (2011 two-tier system). The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.859 for the AMF count and 0.880 for the AMF to MF ratio with regard to tumor-related mortality. In comparison, the AUC for the mitotic count was 0.885. Based on our data, a prognostically meaningful threshold of ≥3 per 2.37 mm2 for the AMF count (sensitivity: 76.9%, specificity: 98.8%) and >7.5% for the AMF:MF ratio (sensitivity: 76.9%, specificity: 100%) is suggested. While the mitotic count of ≥ 6 resulted in six false positive cases, these could be eliminated when combined with the AMF to MF ratio. In conclusion, the results of this study suggests that AMF enumeration is a prognostically valuable test, particularly due to its high specificity with regard to tumor-related mortality. Additional validation and reproducibility studies are needed to further evaluate AMFs as a prognostic criterion for ccMCT and other tumor types. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Round Cell Tumors of Animals)
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14 pages, 5848 KiB  
Article
Genomic Analysis of Lymphoma Risk in Bullmastiff Dogs
by Sally A. Mortlock, Monica C. Asada, Pamela Xing Yi Soh, Wei-Tse Hsu, Carol Lee, Peter F. Bennett, Rosanne M. Taylor, Mehar S. Khatkar and Peter Williamson
Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(12), 703; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10120703 - 14 Dec 2023
Viewed by 2734
Abstract
Lymphoma is the most common haematological malignancy affecting dogs and has a high incidence in the Bullmastiff breed. The aim of this study was to identify risk loci predisposing this breed to the disease. The average age of lymphoma diagnosis in 55 cases [...] Read more.
Lymphoma is the most common haematological malignancy affecting dogs and has a high incidence in the Bullmastiff breed. The aim of this study was to identify risk loci predisposing this breed to the disease. The average age of lymphoma diagnosis in 55 cases was less than 6 years, similar to the median age of 64 cases from our clinical and pathology databases. When fine-scale population structure was explored using NETVIEW, cases were distributed throughout an extended pedigree. When genotyped cases (n = 49) and dogs from the control group (n = 281) were compared in a genome-wide association analysis of lymphoma risk, the most prominent associated regions were detected on CFA13 and CFA33. The top SNPs in a 5.4 Mb region on CFA13 were significant at a chromosome-wide level, and the region was fine-mapped to ~1.2 Mb (CFA13: 25.2–26.4 Mb; CanFam3.1) with four potential functional candidates, including the MYC proto-oncogene bHLH transcription factor (MYC) and a region syntenic with the human and mouse lncRNA Pvt1 oncogene (PVT1). A 380 Kb associated region at CFA33: 7.7–8.1 Mb contained the coding sequence for SUMO specific peptidase7 (SENP7) and NFK inhibitor zeta (NFKBIZ) genes. These genes have annotations related to cancer, amongst others, and both have functional links to MYC regulation. Genomic signatures identified in lymphoma cases suggest that increased risk contributed by the regions identified by GWAS may complement a complex predisposing genetic background. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Round Cell Tumors of Animals)
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12 pages, 991 KiB  
Article
Clinical and Clinical Pathological Presentation of 310 Dogs Affected by Lymphoma with Aberrant Antigen Expression Identified via Flow Cytometry
by Elena Celant, Laura Marconato, Damiano Stefanello, Pierangelo Moretti, Luca Aresu, Stefano Comazzi and Valeria Martini
Vet. Sci. 2022, 9(4), 184; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9040184 - 13 Apr 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3350
Abstract
Phenotypic aberrancies have been reported occasionally in canine lymphomas. Here, we retrospectively collected 310 canine lymphomas with an aberrant phenotype detected via flow cytometry and describe their clinical and clinical pathological features at diagnosis. There were 152 T-cell lymphomas not otherwise specified (T-NOS), [...] Read more.
Phenotypic aberrancies have been reported occasionally in canine lymphomas. Here, we retrospectively collected 310 canine lymphomas with an aberrant phenotype detected via flow cytometry and describe their clinical and clinical pathological features at diagnosis. There were 152 T-cell lymphomas not otherwise specified (T-NOS), 101 T-zone lymphomas (TZL), 54 B-cell lymphomas, and 3 cases with two suspected concurrent neoplastic populations. The most represented aberrancies were: CD5-, CD4-CD8-, and CD3- in T-NOS lymphomas, CD21+, CD4-CD8-, and CD3- in TZLs, and CD34+, CD44-, and CD5+ in B-cell lymphomas. Among T-cell lymphomas, the aberrant expression of CD21 was significantly more frequent in TZL and the loss of CD5 and CD44 in T-NOS. More than 75% of dogs were purebred; males outnumbered females; the mean age at diagnosis was 8–10 years, depending on lymphoma subtype. A few dogs were symptomatic at the time of diagnosis, and 30% had peripheral blood abnormalities, in line with what is already reported for the general population of dogs with lymphoma. Further studies are needed to assess the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying each specific antigen aberrancy, as well as the diagnostic and prognostic role. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Round Cell Tumors of Animals)
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12 pages, 2833 KiB  
Case Report
Waldenström’s Macroglobulinemia in a Normoproteinemic Dog with Atypical Bimorphic Plasmacytoid Differentiation and Monoclonal Gammopathy
by Maud Guerlin, Kévin Mourou, Valeria Martini, Nicolas Soetart, Stefano Comazzi, Catherine Trumel and Fanny Granat
Vet. Sci. 2023, 10(5), 355; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10050355 - 16 May 2023
Viewed by 3582
Abstract
A 2-year-old neutered female Small Munsterlander dog was presented for an insect bite. Physical examination revealed a poor body condition, a peripheral lymphadenomegaly, and suspected splenomegaly. A complete blood count (Sysmex XN-V) revealed marked leukocytosis with lymphocytosis and abnormal dot plots. An abnormal [...] Read more.
A 2-year-old neutered female Small Munsterlander dog was presented for an insect bite. Physical examination revealed a poor body condition, a peripheral lymphadenomegaly, and suspected splenomegaly. A complete blood count (Sysmex XN-V) revealed marked leukocytosis with lymphocytosis and abnormal dot plots. An abnormal monomorphic lymphoid population and marked rouleaux formation were noted on the blood smear. Lymph node aspirates contained an atypical bimorphic population of lymphocytes, either with a plasmacytoid or a blastic appearance. This double population was also found in the spleen, liver, bone marrow, tonsils, and other tissues. Peripheral blood and lymph node clonality assays revealed clonal BCR gene rearrangement. Flow cytometry revealed a mixed population of small-sized B-cells (CD79a+ CD21+ MHCII+) and medium-sized B-cells (CD79a+ CD21− MHCII−) in lymph nodes and a dominant population of small-sized mature B-cells (CD21+ MHCII+) in peripheral blood. Though normoproteinemic, serum protein electrophoresis revealed an increased α2-globulin fraction with an atypical restricted peak, identified as monoclonal IgM by immunofixation. Urine protein immunofixation revealed a Bence-Jones proteinuria. A diagnosis of Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia was made. Chemotherapy was initiated, but the dog was euthanized 12 months after the initial presentation due to marked clinical degradation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Round Cell Tumors of Animals)
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