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The Impact of Climate Change and Human Interventions on Coastal Zones

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Oceans and Coastal Zones".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 October 2022) | Viewed by 12730

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
Interests: nearshore hydrodynamics; sediment transport; coastal and estuarine morphodynamics; coastal and estuarine engineering and management; natural hazards; vulnerability and risk assessment; climate change
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Guest Editor
Laboratori d'Enginyeria Marítima, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
Interests: ICZM; coastal morphodynamics; coastal engineering; coastal vulnerability; risks; climate change

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Guest Editor
College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Interests: estuarine and coastal dynamics; coastal and environmental hydraulics; coastal disaster forecast and mitigation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A sixth conference focusing on the impact of climate change and human interventions on coastal zones in the Anthropocene is considered timely. The Earth’s most recent geologic time period is a complex mix of climatic changes and human interventions. While climatic change has been a continuous process over time, with sea levels rising and falling in cycles, these cycles were considered the result of natural geological processes. However, there now exists overwhelming regional and global evidence that atmospheric, geologic, hydrologic, biospheric, and other earth-system compartments and processes are now altered by a wide diversity of anthropogenic activities. Different aspects of the interactions between water and the coastal geo-, bio- and ecosphere in the context of global changes have been considered in this conference.

The ECWS-6 invited researchers from academia as well as practicioners to contribute original results, novel ideas, scientific concepts and new technologies and experiences to deal with processes within the context of coastal change, making reference to the following topics framed in a changing coastal environment, with a special focus on sustainability, resilience, and adaptation:

  1. The impact of eustatic and regional sea level rise on coasts, estuaries and deltas in terms of flood risk and hazard assessment;
  2. The impact of eustatic and regional sea level rise on coasts, estuaries and deltas on coastal ecology;
  3. The impact of climate-change-induced changes in wave and storm surge climate on coasts, estuaries and deltas in terms of flood risk and hazard assessment;
  4. The impact of climate-change-induced changes in wave and storm surge climate on coasts, estuaries and deltas on coastal ecology;
  5. Soft and hard interventions to adapt to and mitigate abiotic and biotic coastal change due to climate change and human interventions;
  6. Assessing the functioning and services of socio-economic and ecological coastal systems.

The invitation resulted in sixteen international contributions to the online conference, and the corresponding papers have been invited for submission to this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Marcel J.F. Stive
Prof. Dr. José Jiménez
Prof. Dr. Yongping Chen
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • coastal risks
  • flood dynamics
  • coastal squeeze
  • wave and tide impact
  • dune dynamics
  • mangrove dynamics
  • coral reef dynamics
  • river–coast interaction
  • coastal hydrology
  • coastal sediment dynamics
  • coastal morphology

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 6189 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Climate-Related Risks for Chile’s Coastal Settlements in the ARClim Web Platform
by Patricio Winckler, Manuel Contreras-López, René Garreaud, Francisco Meza, Cristián Larraguibel, César Esparza, Stefan Gelcich, Mark Falvey and Javiera Mora
Water 2022, 14(22), 3594; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14223594 - 8 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3270
Abstract
The web-based tool ARClim provides an atlas of climate change-related risk assessments spanning over 50 environmental and productive sectors in Chile. This paper illustrates the implementation of ARClim on two coastal sectors, operational downtime in fishing coves and flooding in coastal settlements, aiming [...] Read more.
The web-based tool ARClim provides an atlas of climate change-related risk assessments spanning over 50 environmental and productive sectors in Chile. This paper illustrates the implementation of ARClim on two coastal sectors, operational downtime in fishing coves and flooding in coastal settlements, aiming to provide a tool to visualize comparative estimates of risk, which may enable decision makers and stakeholders to prioritize adaptation measures. The risk is calculated as a function of the hazard, exposure, and sensitivity. Exposure and sensitivity are characterized using present day information. To assess the hazard, wave climate for a historical period (1985–2004) and a projection (2026–2045) were modeled with six general circulation models (GCMs) for an RCP8.5 scenario. Similarly, sea-level rise was computed from 21 GCMs. Results show that the flooding hazard is mostly dependent on sea-level rise, with waves playing a minor role. However, the flooding risk is highly variable along the coast, due to differences in the exposure, which strongly depends on the population of each settlement. The analysis of increased operational downtime in fishing coves also shows risk, which is dependent of the size of each site. Lastly, limitations of the analysis and opportunities for improvement are discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Climate Change and Human Interventions on Coastal Zones)
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16 pages, 6637 KiB  
Article
Residual Sediment Transport in the Fine-Grained Jiangsu Coast under Changing Climate: The Role of Wind-Driven Currents
by Jinshan Pu, Yongping Chen, Min Su, Jinya Mei, Xinyi Yang, Zhibin Yu and Peng Yao
Water 2022, 14(19), 3113; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14193113 - 2 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2340
Abstract
Residual sediment transport, which is influenced by many factors including tide, wind, and waves, controls coastal morphological changes on different time scales. For fine-grained coasts where the wave effects are limited, it is still unclear to what extent the wind-driven current can impact [...] Read more.
Residual sediment transport, which is influenced by many factors including tide, wind, and waves, controls coastal morphological changes on different time scales. For fine-grained coasts where the wave effects are limited, it is still unclear to what extent the wind-driven current can impact the residual sediment transport. Taking the fine-grained Jiangsu Coast as an example, this study aimed to identify the contribution of wind on residual sediment transport over different time scales using a newly developed model. On a seasonal scale, wind-induced sediment transport shows strong seasonal characteristics, where the residual transport is more significant in the winter and summer. Nevertheless, the tide plays a dominant role in both residual current and sediment transport and the annual sediment budget over the coast. On the scale of tidal cycles, the extreme winds overwhelm the tides, controlling the residual sediment transport. However, the net sediment transport caused by the northerly winds (representing cold waves) is comparable to that of the southerly winds (representing typhoons). Therefore, although extreme winds can drive massive sediment transport in a short period, their contribution to annual sediment transport is limited. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Climate Change and Human Interventions on Coastal Zones)
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17 pages, 2599 KiB  
Article
Land Reclamation in a Coastal Metropolis of Saudi Arabia: Environmental Sustainability Implications
by Ali M. AlQahtany, Umar Lawal Dano, Eltahir Mohamed Elhadi Abdalla, Wisam E. M. Mohammed, Ismaila Rimi Abubakar, Wadee Ahmed Ghanem Al-Gehlani, Naji Akbar and Maher S. Alshammari
Water 2022, 14(16), 2546; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14162546 - 18 Aug 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6349
Abstract
Coastal reclamation for residential, tourism, and commercial developments in the Arabian Peninsula and other global regions has dramatically increased in recent decades. This phenomenon is undoubtedly innovative and novel; however, it disrupts the natural balance of marine environments and degrades coastal and marine [...] Read more.
Coastal reclamation for residential, tourism, and commercial developments in the Arabian Peninsula and other global regions has dramatically increased in recent decades. This phenomenon is undoubtedly innovative and novel; however, it disrupts the natural balance of marine environments and degrades coastal and marine resources. Moreover, the long-term sustainability of such developments might be undermined by rising water levels, earthquakes, and the behavior of filling material and others. This paper analyzed the extent of land reclamation in the Dammam Metropolitan Area (DMA) along the eastern coast of Saudi Arabia within the last two decades and its environmental sustainability impacts. The study used satellite images to compare the coastal boundary of the study area from 2000 to 2020. The study analyzed five major reclamation projects and found that a total of 6081 hectares of land has been reclaimed from the Arabian Gulf, thereby altering the coastal profile of DMA significantly. The environmental sustainability implication of these projects includes the degradation and loss of ecosystem services and marine habitat, urban sprawl, and flood risk. Therefore, environmental regulations, such as the strict prohibition of coastal reclamation, and ecosystem-based urban planning, are needed for sustainable coastal land development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Impact of Climate Change and Human Interventions on Coastal Zones)
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