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Biodegradation of Persistent Pollutants in Wastewater

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2022) | Viewed by 6368

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Interests: sponge city; urban hydrology; water resource management; water environment and aquatic ecosystem restoration
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Guest Editor
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland
Interests: wastewater treatment; bioenergy; biorefinery; circular ECONOMY; environmental engineering; environmental biotechnology

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Guest Editor
Department of Coastal & Urban Risk & Resilience, IHE Delft, 2611 AX Delft, The Netherlands
Interests: wastewater treatment; resource recovery; water management; sponge cities; hydroinformatics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wastewaters generated from different human activities contain persistent, difficult-to-degrade pollutants. These pollutants have a complex molecular structure and are potentially toxic to microbial growth and thus have varying degrees of biodegradability in conventional treatment processes. The wastewater medium could also be challenging due to the presence of high salinity and other inhibitors, which reduce the biological activity of microorganisms, resulting in lower biodegradation rates. Additionally, persistent pollutants biodegrade partially during wastewater treatment, and their transformation products can be more toxic, more resistant, and more cost-expensive to biodegrade further compared to parent compounds. Biodegradation of persistent organic pollutant under such suboptimal conditions poses a serious problem as complex molecules require specialized microbial consortia for the biodegradation of the target molecules. Under toxic conditions, these microbial consortia are usually washed out of the reactors due to poor settling, which results in low removal rates, low reactor loading rates, process instability, and thus a need for larger reactor capacities.

This Special Issue is open to papers advancing the field or showing innovative applications in wastewater treatment and reuse. We welcome papers that improve the efficiency and stability of the biodegradation of persistent pollutants and their transformation products, microbial consortia thriving under inhibitory conditions, and the performance and loading rates of wastewater treatment plants under inevitable, persistent pollutant threats. We are also interested in papers that provide new insights into the biodegradation of persistent pollutants in other parts of the urban water cycle, such as runoff and rivers, monitoring of persistent pollutants, assessment of wastewater footprints, and adaptation technologies to the holistic urban wastewater system for enhancing persistent pollutant removal capacity.

Prof. Dr. Dafang Fu
Dr. Ioannis Fotidis
Dr. Junyu Zhang
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1931 KiB  
Article
Effects of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) on Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in a Seagoing River—A Case Study of the Wanggang River Flowing into the East China Sea
by Qiuying Lai, Jian Shui, Jie Ma, Fei He, Longmian Wang, Fuquan Peng, Xiang Zhu, Qingqing Pang and Yuao Wang
Water 2022, 14(21), 3580; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14213580 - 7 Nov 2022
Viewed by 2076
Abstract
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an emerging environmental pollutant that has attracted widespread attention. In this study, water samples were collected from the Wanggang River in the eastern coastal area of China, and the PFOA and dissolved organic matter (DOM) levels were measured. The [...] Read more.
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an emerging environmental pollutant that has attracted widespread attention. In this study, water samples were collected from the Wanggang River in the eastern coastal area of China, and the PFOA and dissolved organic matter (DOM) levels were measured. The results show that the PFOA concentration in the water bodies ranges from 3.2 to 52.9 ng·L−1, and the average value is 27.1 ± 13.4 ng·L−1, indicating an intermediate level. Two protein-like (C2, C3) and two humus-like (C1, C4) DOM components in the Wanggang River are attributed to rainfall and human activities. Differences are observed in the DOM components before and after the flood season. The humus-like components are higher in the post-flood season, and are one of the factors affecting PFOA distribution and concentration in the Wanggang River. The results provide data support for monitoring and evaluating PFOA in rivers and help formulate PFOA pollution management strategies. In future research, it might be better to define the interaction between DOM and emerging organic pollutants by using 17 PFASs as subjects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodegradation of Persistent Pollutants in Wastewater)
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15 pages, 2064 KiB  
Article
Characterization and Polyculture Analysis of Microalgae Strains Based on Biomass Production and Nutrient Consumption, and Bacterial Community in Municipal Wastewater
by Weixing Liu, Dafang Fu, Ting Pan and Rajendra Prasad Singh
Water 2021, 13(22), 3190; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13223190 - 11 Nov 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3232
Abstract
Polyculture of microalgae could enhance biomass production. It is crucial to select the proper combination of microbial polyculture which can achieve a positive impact. Ten microalgae suitable for healthy growth in municipal wastewater were selected. Simulated wastewater was used to conduct experiments on [...] Read more.
Polyculture of microalgae could enhance biomass production. It is crucial to select the proper combination of microbial polyculture which can achieve a positive impact. Ten microalgae suitable for healthy growth in municipal wastewater were selected. Simulated wastewater was used to conduct experiments on the cultivation of single microalgae. Possible combinations of microalgae were analyzed from three aspects: the potential for conversion into biofuels, the consumption of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus, and the structure of microalgae bacterial communities. From the perspective of converting to biocrude, Leptolyngbya boryana with high protein content was found unsuitable as a biomass raw material. Non-metric multidimensional scale analysis of different forms of nitrogen and phosphorus consumption shows the preference of the microalgae community for the use of nitrogen and phosphorus. By analyzing the bacterial community structure, it was found that microalgae have a significant impact on the bacterial community. We believe that it is more likely to improve the production efficiency of microalgae by establishing the combination of microalgae with high biocrude conversion efficiency, different nitrogen and phosphorus utilization preferences, and large difference in bacterial community structure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biodegradation of Persistent Pollutants in Wastewater)
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