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River Restoration Technologies for the Improvement of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Biodiversity and Functionality of Aquatic Ecosystems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 7474

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Ministry of Education School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
Interests: freshwater ecosystems; fish biodiversity; biotic monitoring; ecological assessments; index of biotic integrity; rehabilitation of rivers; water resources protection; eutrophication mechanism; watershed management
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Guest Editor
College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
Interests: heavy metals; microplastics/nanoplastics; nutrients; wastewater reclamation and reuse; health risk assessment; biological process and biosafety; land treatment of wastewater; adsorption; environmental materials; sustainable water resources management
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College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
Interests: ecological health; water environment; water pollution control; watershed management; stormwater management; non-point source pollution; priority chemical compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

River health is reflected by the state of biocommunity, biodiversity, and ecosystem function related to the river network and channel morphology. River restoration technologies are effective measures for improving river health and consequent water security for human beings and commonly represent multifaceted interventions to modify the river ecosystem. This Special Issue of Water aims to compile articles in the field of river restoration technologies.

Typically, the core elements of the river ecosystem include the hydrological, physicochemical, and ecological processes in the river and the catchment processes in the river basin, and these are the elements based on which restoration technologies were first established. Dam removal/retrofit, flow modification, floodplain reconnection, and stormwater management highlight hydrological technologies, while bank stabilization, channel reconfiguration, and water quality management intervene in physicochemical processes. Ecological technologies involve fish passage, catchment re-vegetation, instream species management, instream habitat improvement, and establishment of ecological red and blue lines in the riparian area, while optimization of spatial heterogeneity for catchment management may be enhanced by land use control and improved agricultural practices.

In addition to papers on technology application and project implementation, papers on the establishment of ecological red and blue lines, biological evaluation criteria of species biodiversity and biocommunity composition, and interaction networks of river biology in river restoration are welcomed. Moreover, from the perspective of scientific evaluation systems of river restoration technologies, the identification of biotic and abiotic indices based on macroscopic large-extent and long-term spatial/temporal biodiversity investigation are of great importance, as they relate to the premise of technical guidelines for water sustainability, ecological restoration and river health management.

Prof. Dr. Jianhua Li
Dr. Xiaochen Chen
Dr. Dan Li
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • dam removal retrofit
  • flow modification
  • floodplain reconnection
  • bank stabilization
  • channel reconfiguration
  • fish passage
  • catchment and riparian management
  • instream species management and habitat improvement
  • species biodiversity and community composition
  • biotic and abiotic indices

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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8 pages, 1388 KiB  
Article
Occurrence of the Freshwater Chrysophyte Poterioochromonas malhamensis in a High Arctic Marine Ecosystem
by Fang Zhang, Yongjun Tian and Jianfeng He
Water 2021, 13(15), 2129; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13152129 - 2 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2423
Abstract
Kongsfjorden is a small Arctic fjord but with great hydrographic complexity and has changed greatly due to the climate change. Arctic warming has increased melts of sea ice and glaciers that results in higher freshwater content. Microbial community variability and increasing terrestrial input [...] Read more.
Kongsfjorden is a small Arctic fjord but with great hydrographic complexity and has changed greatly due to the climate change. Arctic warming has increased melts of sea ice and glaciers that results in higher freshwater content. Microbial community variability and increasing terrestrial input were detected continuously in recent years ITag eukaryotic 18S rRNA V4 metabarcoding, photosynthetic pigments analysis and epifluorescence microscopy were used to reveal the dominant species of small eukaryotic community (<20 μm). Both Spearman correlation and redundant analysis were used to study the correlation between the small eukaryotes and the environmental conditions. In the present study, the surface water with salinity lower than 34 was thicker than in summers of previous years. The freshwater mixotrophic chrysophyte Poterioochromonas malhamensis was found for the first time as the dominant species. No general trends were found for the contributions of P. malhamensis to the total reads of small eukaryotes in water depths; and no obvious differences were found at different stations and water masses. Phagotrophy, which is more common than phototrophy at all times in P. malhamensis, is thought to be the main reason for the prevalence of P. malhamensis in Kongsfjorden. The occurrence of P. malhamensis induced a disorder in the small eukaryotic community, which biodiversity and composition showed weak correlation with the water masses. The dominance of the freshwater-originating phytoplankton may indicate an ecosystem change in the Kongsjforden, which probably might become more remarkable in the future as the climate continues to change. Full article
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Review

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16 pages, 3294 KiB  
Review
Application of Ecological Restoration Technologies for the Improvement of Biodiversity and Ecosystem in the River
by Pushuang Li, Dan Li, Xiaoqing Sun, Zhaosheng Chu, Ting Xia and Binghui Zheng
Water 2022, 14(9), 1402; https://doi.org/10.3390/w14091402 - 27 Apr 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 11665
Abstract
With global warming, urbanization, and the intensification of human activities, great pressures on river ecosystems have caused ecosystem degradation, the decline in habitats and biodiversity, and the loss of function. Ecological restoration technologies (ERTs) in rivers are effective measures for improving habitat and [...] Read more.
With global warming, urbanization, and the intensification of human activities, great pressures on river ecosystems have caused ecosystem degradation, the decline in habitats and biodiversity, and the loss of function. Ecological restoration technologies (ERTs) in rivers are effective measures for improving habitat and biodiversity, which has the advantage of recovering ecosystems and biodiversity and promoting the formation of healthy rivers. Several applications of ERTs, including ecological water transfer, fish passage construction, dam removal/retrofit, channel reconfiguration, river geomorphological restoration, natural shoreline restoration, floodplain reconnection, revegetation, etc., are summarized. The classifications of ERTs are highlighted, aiming to distinguish the difference and relationship between structure and the processes of hydrology, physics, geography, and biology. The pros and cons of these technologies are discussed to identify the applicability and limitations on the river ecosystem. In the dynamic processes in the river, these interact with each other to keep ecosystem balance. ERTs are more helpful in promoting the restoration of the natural function of the river, which contribute to the management of river ecological health. Some proposals on river management are suggested. Establishing a unified river health evaluation system will help promote positive feedback on rivers and the further development of ERTs. Full article
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