International Journal of Plant Biology

572 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Potential Yield of Soybean Promising Lines in Acid Soil of Central Lampung, Indonesia

by Heru Kuswantoro

Int. J. Plant Biol. 2014, 5(1), 5566; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2014.5566 - 24 Oct 2014

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 473

Most of Indonesia dryland is covered by acid soil which lead to the decreasing potential yield of the crops. In different areas soybean potential yield also different depends on the different soil pH and the availability of the soil. The objective of the [...] Read more.

Most of Indonesia dryland is covered by acid soil which lead to the decreasing potential yield of the crops. In different areas soybean potential yield also different depends on the different soil pH and the availability of the soil. The objective of the research was to study the potential yield of soybean promising lines in acid soil of Central Lampung, Indonesia. Ten promising lines and two check varieties (Tanggamus and Wilis) were grown in acid soil with pH 4.7. The results showed that the highest seed yield was showed by SC5P2P3.5.4.1-5 with 2.51 t/ha. Other soybean promising lines with seed yield over than 2 t/ha⁻¹ was SJ-5/Msr.99.5.4.5-1-6-1 and the check variety Tanggamus. The highest yield of SC5P2P3.5.4.1-5 was caused by the high number of filled pods and the large of seed size. Other nine promising lines also can be developed to obtained grain yield as many as Tanggamus yield in the area with similar soil and climate conditions. Full article

1189 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Carbon Dioxide Enrichment Restrains the Impact of Drought on Three Maize Hybrids Differing in Water Stress Tolerance in Water Stressed Environments

by Jinyoung Yang, Richard C. Sicher, Moon S. Kim and Vangimalla R. Reddy

Int. J. Plant Biol. 2014, 5(1), 5535; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2014.5535 - 24 Oct 2014

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 642

Abstract

Three maize genotypes were grown in controlled environment chambers with ambient (38 Pa) or elevated (70 Pa) carbon dioxide and water stress treatments were initiated 17 days after sowing. Shoot dry weight of the drought tolerant hybrid in both CO₂ treatments was [...] Read more.

Three maize genotypes were grown in controlled environment chambers with ambient (38 Pa) or elevated (70 Pa) carbon dioxide and water stress treatments were initiated 17 days after sowing. Shoot dry weight of the drought tolerant hybrid in both CO₂ treatments was 44 to 73% less than that of the intermediate and sensitive hybrids when seedlings were well watered. Decreased shoot and root dry weights of the tolerant maize hybrid due to drought were about one-half that of the other two hybrids. Genotypic differences were observed in decreases of soil water content, leaf water potential, net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance in response to drought. Eleven of 19 amino acids measured in this study increased, methionine was unchanged and alanine and aspartate decreased in response to drought in the ambient CO₂ treatment. Increased amino acid levels under elevated CO₂ were observed at the end of the experiment. Significant genotypic differences were detected for amino acid responses to drought. Effects of drought on all three genotypes were mitigated by CO₂ enrichment. Decreased shoot growth likely improved the stress tolerance of a highly drought resistant maize hybrid by reducing moisture loss, improving soil moisture content and increasing leaf water potential. Full article

854 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimized In Vitro Plant Regeneration of the Biodiesel Plant Jatropha curcas L.: The Effects of Using Seeds at Different Stages of Maturity As Starting Materials

by Sillma Rampadarath, Daneshwar Puchooa and Mala Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya

Int. J. Plant Biol. 2014, 5(1), 5448; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2014.5448 - 24 Oct 2014

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 468

Abstract

Jatropha curcas L. is an important biofuel plant that can be regenerated in vitro using seeds. The fruits of J. curcas do not reach maturity at the same time although they are on the same bunch. This study was undertaken to evaluate the [...] Read more.

Jatropha curcas L. is an important biofuel plant that can be regenerated in vitro using seeds. The fruits of J. curcas do not reach maturity at the same time although they are on the same bunch. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of seeds, from fruits at different stages of maturity, on in vitro plantlet formation. Callus was induced on Murashige and Skoog medium using different concentrations of 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 6 benzylaminopurine (BAP). 2,4D at a concentration of 3.0 mg/L and BAP at 1.0 mg/L were found to be optimum for callus formation. In vitro plantlets obtained on BAP were smaller with thicker hypocotyl and thicker roots. On the other hand, seeds from mature fruits gave better results for in vitro plantlet regeneration on 1.0 mg/L BAP without any rooting medium. A combination of sand and soil were used for acclimatization. Best results were obtained when sand and soil were used in equal amounts. Results also showed that seed maturity is an important factor for in vitro plant regeneration of J. curcas and that root formation in vitro does not require additional plant growth regulator substance. Full article

645 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Metabolic Response of Adenocalymma peregrinum during Regeneration of the Aerial Parts

by Vanessa Samudio dos Santos, Maria Rita Marques, Dayana Rubio Gouvea, Norberto Peporine Lopes, Vespasiano Borges de Paiva Neto and Carlos Alexandre Carollo

Int. J. Plant Biol. 2014, 5(1), 5363; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2014.5363 - 24 Oct 2014

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 485

Abstract

Adenocalymma peregrinum, popularly known as ciganinha, is an aggressive pasture invader. This species has a vegetative propagation mechanism that includes aerial latent buds and subterranean stalks activated by cuts and other lesions. In the present study, we evaluated the levels of [...] Read more.

Adenocalymma peregrinum, popularly known as ciganinha, is an aggressive pasture invader. This species has a vegetative propagation mechanism that includes aerial latent buds and subterranean stalks activated by cuts and other lesions. In the present study, we evaluated the levels of cytokinins and secondary metabolites in A. peregrinum during regeneration of the aerial part. Plants used in this experiment were established in the field and were cut at intervals of five days until the 25th day. The regeneration of the cut plants started on the 10th day after the first cut. Among observed compounds, only kinetin, allantoin and the iridoide 6-β-hydroxyipolamiide were detected at adequate levels for comparative evaluation. The maximum levels of these compounds coincided with the beginning of regeneration in these plants, indicating the involvement of these compounds in the regeneration process. Full article

631 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Proteomic Analysis of the Pulvinus, a Heliotropic Tissue, in Glycine max

by Hakme Lee, Wesley M. Garrett, Joseph Sullivan, Irwin Forseth and Savithiry S. Natarajan

Int. J. Plant Biol. 2014, 5(1), 4887; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2014.4887 - 23 Jun 2014

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 597

Abstract

Certain plant species respond to light, dark, and other environmental factors by leaf movement. Leguminous plants both track and avoid the sun through turgor changes of the pulvinus tissue at the base of leaves. Mechanisms leading to pulvinar turgor flux, particularly knowledge of [...] Read more.

Certain plant species respond to light, dark, and other environmental factors by leaf movement. Leguminous plants both track and avoid the sun through turgor changes of the pulvinus tissue at the base of leaves. Mechanisms leading to pulvinar turgor flux, particularly knowledge of the proteins involved, are not well-known. In this study we used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography-tandom mass spectrometry to separate and identify the proteins located in the soybean pulvinus. A total of 183 spots were separated and 195 proteins from 165 spots were identified and functionally analyzed using single enrichment analysis for gene ontology terms. The most significant terms were related to proton transport. Comparison with guard cell proteomes revealed similar significant processes but a greater number of pulvinus proteins are required for comparable analysis. To our knowledge, this is a novel report on the analysis of proteins found in soybean pulvinus. These findings provide a better understanding of the proteins required for turgor change in the pulvinus. Full article

612 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on Growth of Root Systems of Scindapsus aureus

by Thomas V. El-Mallakh, Yonglin Gao and Rif S. El-Mallakh

Int. J. Plant Biol. 2014, 5(1), 5187; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2014.5187 - 17 Jun 2014

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 704

Abstract

The effect of acid rain on root systems has not been adequately studied. This study examined the effect of simulated acid rain on the root systems of a common tropical vine. Cuttings (10 cm) of Scindapsus aureus were grown for 7 weeks without [...] Read more.

The effect of acid rain on root systems has not been adequately studied. This study examined the effect of simulated acid rain on the root systems of a common tropical vine. Cuttings (10 cm) of Scindapsus aureus were grown for 7 weeks without soil in deionized water in which the pH was adjusted with sulfuric acid to 2.25, 3.26, 4.4, 5.5, and 6.5 (no acid added). Tap water (pH = 8.1) was also examined. Root number and total root length were measured at baseline and after 7 weeks. Stock water at the initial pH was used to maintain the water level weekly. There were no differences in either root number or root length in any of plants in pH 4.4 or greater. Plants at the two lowest pH settings did not produce significant roots. Healthy plants (pH ≥ 4.4) acidified the water’s pH in which they were growing to 4.4–5.4. The pH of plants in more acidic pH remained unchanged. Some roots prefer a more acidic pH. If this is characteristic is widespread, the effect of acid rain on plant root systems may be less severe than anticipated. Full article

773 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hormonal Response and Root Architecture in Arabidopsis thaliana Subjected to Heavy Metals

by Antonella Vitti, Maria Nuzzaci, Antonio Scopa, Giuseppe Tataranni, Imma Tamburrino and Adriano Sofo

Int. J. Plant Biol. 2014, 5(1), 5226; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2014.5226 - 29 May 2014

Cited by 19 | Viewed by 1004

Abstract

In this work, specific concentrations of cadmium, copper and zinc in double combination, were supplied for 12 days to growing seedlings of the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. Metal accumulation was measured in roots and shoots. Microscopic analyses revealed that root morphology was [...] Read more.

In this work, specific concentrations of cadmium, copper and zinc in double combination, were supplied for 12 days to growing seedlings of the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. Metal accumulation was measured in roots and shoots. Microscopic analyses revealed that root morphology was affected by metals, and that the root and shoot levels of indole-3-acetic acid, trans-zeatin riboside and dihydrozeatin riboside varied accordingly. Minor modifications in gibberellic acid levels occurred in the Zinc treatments, whereas abscisic acid level did not change after the exposition to metals. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of some genes involved in auxin and cytokinin synthesis (AtAAO, AtNIT and AtIPT) revealed that their expression were not affected by metal treatments. The root morphological alterations that resulted in an increased surface area, due to the formation of root hairs and lateral roots, could be signs of the response to metal stress in terms of a functionally-addressed reorientation of root growth. The root system plasticity observed could be important for better understanding the manner in which the root architecture is shaped by environmental and hormonal stimuli. Full article

488 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

A New Start

by Adriano Sofo

Int. J. Plant Biol. 2014, 5(1), 5468; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2014.5468 - 6 May 2014

Viewed by 398

Abstract

Dear editors, scientists and readers [...] Full article

659 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Molecular and Bioactive Profiling of Selected Eugenia Species from Mauritius Island

by R. V. Brunchault, Joyce Govinden Soulange, Vijayanti Mala Ranghoo Sanmukhiya and Jean Claude Sevathian

Int. J. Plant Biol. 2014, 5(1), 4728; https://doi.org/10.4081/pb.2014.4728 - 28 Feb 2014

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 612

Abstract

The Eugenia genus is comprised of about 1011 species which share similar features resulting in the complexity of its taxonomy and nomenclature. E. crassipetala, E. kanakana, E. tinifolia and two undescribed Eugenia species all medicinal and endemic to Mauritius Islands were characterized using [...] Read more.

The Eugenia genus is comprised of about 1011 species which share similar features resulting in the complexity of its taxonomy and nomenclature. E. crassipetala, E. kanakana, E. tinifolia and two undescribed Eugenia species all medicinal and endemic to Mauritius Islands were characterized using their phytochemical, bioactive and molecular profile. Biological activity was assessed using the broth microdilution assay and the DPPH assay. Significant minimal inhibitory concentration values of E. crassipetala against E. coli (1.56 mg/mL), E. kanakana against P. mirabilis (0.55 mg/mL) and E. spp. (small) against S. aureus (0.43 mg/mL) validates the antibacterial ability of these plant extracts and could be attributed to their high content of antioxidants (flavonoids and phenols). Genetic diversity among these five species was assessed by amplification of genomic DNA using 60 RAPD and 25 ISSR markers. Hierarchical cluster analysis validates the uniqueness of each Eugenia species with E. crassipetala and E. tinifolia forming a separate cluster. Comparative analysis of phytochemical composition and bioactivity correlate with the branching pattern of the species in the dendogram. Full article

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Int. J. Plant Biol., Volume 5, Issue 1 (February 2014) – 9 articles

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