Behavioral Sciences

15 pages, 326 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Involvement of Age, Gender, and Personality Variables in Alcohol Consumption during the Start of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romanian University Students

by Cornelia Rada and Mihaela Lungu

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 519; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060519 - 20 Jun 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1991

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the age, gender, and personality variables involved in alcohol consumption (AC) at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania among 210 bachelor’s and master’s students aged between 19 and 25 years. The results of the Freiburg Personality [...] Read more.

This study aimed to explore the age, gender, and personality variables involved in alcohol consumption (AC) at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania among 210 bachelor’s and master’s students aged between 19 and 25 years. The results of the Freiburg Personality Inventory–Revised and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were examined using a logistic model and cluster analysis. The prevalence of problematic AC was relatively low (10.5%). The risk of males being part of the problematic AC cluster was 5.223 times higher than that of females (p < 0.001). Increasing age was associated with a decrease in the risk of belonging to the problematic cluster by a factor of 0.733 (p = 0.001). Increasing scores on the Frankness and Somatic Complaints personality scales were associated with a decreased risk of belonging to the problematic cluster of AC, with factors of 0.738 (95% CI, 0.643 to 0.848), Wald χ²(1) = 18.424, and p < 0.001 and 0.901 (95% CI, 0.813 to 0.999), Wald χ²(1) = 3.925, and p = 0.048, respectively. More action to prevent AC is needed in men, especially in those at the beginning of their university studies. It is necessary to intervene to decrease the interest in making a good impression (low scores on the Frankness Scale) so as to increase healthy autonomy using critical thinking and find a balance between the internal and external loci of control. Students from faculties with profiles that deal with health and its promotion are less vulnerable to problematic alcohol consumption, even if they have a withdrawn, pessimistic personality (low scores on Somatic Complaints). Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Health Psychology)

22 pages, 605 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cosmetics and Detergents with Recycled CO₂: A Cross-Country Study with a Modified by Risk Perception Values–Beliefs–Norms Model

by Irene Tilikidou and Antonia Delistavrou

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 518; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060518 - 20 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1580

Abstract

This paper presents the examination of a values–beliefs–norms (VBN) model, modified by climate change risk perception, in France, Germany, and Spain, to investigate consumers’ intentions to purchase personal and house care products that are going to contain innovative ingredients made from recycled CO [...] Read more.

This paper presents the examination of a values–beliefs–norms (VBN) model, modified by climate change risk perception, in France, Germany, and Spain, to investigate consumers’ intentions to purchase personal and house care products that are going to contain innovative ingredients made from recycled CO₂. Electronic interviews were undertaken by a research agency on stratified (gender and age) samples in each country. Solely biospheric values indicated a statistically significant and positive causal relationship with risk perception. Risk perception provided the strongest of all impacts on awareness of consequences. Awareness of consequences affected the ascription of responsibility, and ascription of responsibility affected personal norms, which in turn generated consumption intentions. VBN was found powerful in explaining 58%, 60.2%, and 43.3% of the variance in intentions to buy CPGs with green chemical ingredients in French, German, and Spanish consumers, respectively. Moderation analysis indicated that the relationship between personal norms and consumption intentions is stronger in France and Germany than in Spain. Theoretical and practical implications are provided. Full article

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15 pages, 675 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Exposure to Terrorism, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and University Teachers’ Performance: Underpinning the Role of Social Support

by Farida Saleem and Muhammad Imran Malik

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 517; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060517 - 19 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1885

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of exposure to terrorism on post-traumatic stress disorder and employee performance, and to determine whether social support acts as a boundary condition that can attenuate the adverse effects of PTSD on employee performance. The study used [...] Read more.

This study aims to investigate the impact of exposure to terrorism on post-traumatic stress disorder and employee performance, and to determine whether social support acts as a boundary condition that can attenuate the adverse effects of PTSD on employee performance. The study used a cross-sectional sample of 178 university teachers who had experienced a terrorist attack. Data was collected using closed-ended questionnaires and analyzed using PROCESS Macro). The results found a negative and significant relationship between exposure to terrorism, post-traumatic disorder, and employees’ performance. Moreover, it was also found that social support helps attenuate the negative impact of PTSD on performance levels. This study adds to the existing body of knowledge by exploring the relationship between terrorism exposure, PTSD, employee performance, and the potential mitigating effects of social support. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Organizational Behaviors)

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12 pages, 580 KiB

Open AccessBrief Report

Latent Regression Analysis Considering Student, Teacher, and Parent Variables and Their Relationship with Academic Performance in Primary School Students in Chile

by Sonia Salvo-Garrido, José Zayas-Castro, Karina Polanco-Levicán and José Luis Gálvez-Nieto

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 516; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060516 - 19 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2149

Abstract

Academic performance in primary students is fundamental to future school success; however, simultaneous analysis of different key individual, family, and teaching factors must be considered to improve understanding and benefit the development of students’ potential. This article presents a latent regression analysis model [...] Read more.

Academic performance in primary students is fundamental to future school success; however, simultaneous analysis of different key individual, family, and teaching factors must be considered to improve understanding and benefit the development of students’ potential. This article presents a latent regression analysis model that examines the relationship between the latent variables (self-efficacy, interest in reading, bullying, parental expectations, and discrimination/exclusion, and teacher violence/aggression) and the academic performance of first-cycle primary students. The model investigates the impact of the latent variables on the standardized endogenous variables of SIMCE Mathematics and Language test scores using a quantitative, non-experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional design. The study involved 70,778 students (53.4% female), with an average age of 9.5 years (SD = 0.6), from Chilean public (33.6%) and subsidized (66.4%) schools. The results indicate that the model accounted for 49.8% and 47.7% of the mean variability in SIMCE Mathematics and Language test scores, respectively. The goodness-of-fit indices demonstrated satisfactory fits for both models. In both tests, student self-efficacy emerged as the most significant factor explaining test score variability, followed by parental expectations. Bullying was identified as a relevant factor in reducing mean performance on both tests. The findings suggest that education decision makers should address these issues to improve student outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Educational Psychology)

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25 pages, 2983 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Perceptions of Stakeholders Regarding China’s Special Education and Inclusive Education Legislation, Law, and Policy: Implications for Student Wellbeing and Mental Health

by Ahmed Alduais, Meng Deng and Hind Alfadda

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 515; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060515 - 19 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2557

Abstract

Laws and policies, no matter how well designed, can fail if they are not implemented correctly. This can occur when there is no interaction between policymakers and those who are working on the ground. The purpose of this study was to determine the [...] Read more.

Laws and policies, no matter how well designed, can fail if they are not implemented correctly. This can occur when there is no interaction between policymakers and those who are working on the ground. The purpose of this study was to determine the understanding of Chinese stakeholders regarding legislation, policy, and law associated with the provision of special education and explore its implications for student wellbeing and mental health. Two questions were posed: (1) Does a stakeholder’s attitude towards legislation, policy, and law regarding special education impact their role or responsibilities? (2) In what ways do stakeholders interact with legislation, laws, and policies regarding special education and their work experience in the field? Using in-depth interviews as the basis for the study, researchers gained valuable insight into how administrators, practitioners, and academics perceive laws and policies. Participants exhibited exaggerated attitudes and over-interpretations of some of these items, which we attribute to partly real factors, as well as nationalistic or patriotic feelings. The evidence included calls for specific laws and policies as well as a switch from a top-down to a bottom-up approach to reform to bridge the disparity between different regions in the country. As the participants agreed, there have also been remarkable achievements in building a more comprehensive and inclusive system over the last decade. However, the gaps between rural and urban areas, primary and middle schools, high schools and vocational schools need to be addressed urgently in specific laws and policies. Addressing these disparities will not only improve the overall quality of special education but also have significant implications for student wellbeing and mental health. By ensuring that all students have access to tailored support and resources, policymakers can foster a more inclusive and supportive environment that promotes positive mental health outcomes for all learners. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wellbeing and Mental Health among Students)

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20 pages, 766 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Are You Dominated by Your Affects? How and When Do Employees’ Daily Affective States Impact Learning from Project Failure?

by Wenzhou Wang, Longdi Li, Shanghao Song and Wendi Jiang

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 514; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060514 - 19 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1439

Abstract

Given the enormous value that project failure brings to individuals and organizations, a large number of scholars have explored the antecedents that affect employees’ learning from project failure. However, few scholars have paid attention to how individuals’ affective states interact with cognition patterns [...] Read more.

Given the enormous value that project failure brings to individuals and organizations, a large number of scholars have explored the antecedents that affect employees’ learning from project failure. However, few scholars have paid attention to how individuals’ affective states interact with cognition patterns to learn from failure. Based on cognitive behavioral theory, this paper explores the relationship between employees’ different daily affective states and learning from project failure and incorporates the mediating role of error management strategy and the moderating role of project commitment. By using SPSS and Amos software, hierarchical regression analysis of questionnaire data collected from 774 employees in high-tech firms in China indicates that (1) positive/negative affective states positively/negatively affect learning from failure, respectively; (2) error management strategy mediates the relationship between daily affective states and learning from project failure; and (3) project commitment moderates the relationship between negative affective states and error management strategy; specifically, this relationship is weaker when project commitment is stronger. However, the moderating effect of project commitment on the relationship between positive affective states and error management strategy is not supported. The results further expand the research related to learning from failure and have practical implications for failure management in high-tech enterprises. Full article

(This article belongs to the Topic Employee Quality of Life, Well-Being and Wellness: A Pathway to Organizational Performance, Efficiency, and Sustainability)

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12 pages, 2059 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Impact of Long-Term Shaolin Zen Meditation on Emotional Processing in Aging: A Visual ERP Study

by Huang Gu, Tiantian Liang, Zhaoyang Xin, Zilu Lu, Qiaoling Li and Hao Hong

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 513; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060513 - 19 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1791

Abstract

The aging process is always accompanied by a decline in cognitive and emotional functions. Although previous studies have identified the positive effects of different meditative practices on emotional and cognitive functions, few studies have investigated the most primitive Chinese meditation—Shaolin Zen meditation. In [...] Read more.

The aging process is always accompanied by a decline in cognitive and emotional functions. Although previous studies have identified the positive effects of different meditative practices on emotional and cognitive functions, few studies have investigated the most primitive Chinese meditation—Shaolin Zen meditation. In particular, data are extremely limited regarding the brain mechanism of the effects of Shaolin Zen meditation on cognitive and emotional functions during aging. The current study aimed to explore the effects of long-term Shaolin Zen meditation practice on event-related potentials (ERPs) during facial emotion recognition in aging. ERPs were recorded from 16 monks with long-term meditation experience and 20 controls without meditation experience. The significant age-related degenerative changes in the early ERP components did not present in the meditators but only in the controls without meditation experience. Additionally, we found no group differences in the late P3 component. These findings suggest that long-term Shaolin Zen meditation practice can counteract the age-related cognitive decline in the “down-top” automatic processing of emotional stimuli. Full article

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16 pages, 1091 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Neighborhood Governance and Happiness during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Empirical Analysis of Wuhan’s Lockdown

by Hanbei Cheng and Anli Jiang

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 512; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060512 - 19 Jun 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1614

Abstract

The outbreak of COVID-19 posed a challenge to global governance, residents’ happiness, and economic systems around the world. Since the crux of previous research centers on the reactions of both local and national governments, studies on how governance arrangement at the neighborhood level [...] Read more.

The outbreak of COVID-19 posed a challenge to global governance, residents’ happiness, and economic systems around the world. Since the crux of previous research centers on the reactions of both local and national governments, studies on how governance arrangement at the neighborhood level influences people’s happiness during the crisis response remain insufficient. This paper aims to explore the relationship between neighborhood governance and residents’ happiness based on first-hand data collected during Wuhan’s first lockdown. This study highlights the significance of neighborhood governance in crisis response, which includes providing diverse public services, ensuring access to life’s necessities, and offering prompt medical treatment. All of these factors are essential for maintaining overall satisfaction with governance and contributing to the happiness of individuals within the community. However, active governance actions do not always lead to favorable results. For example, increased group participation may lead to social conflicts among those involved, ultimately diminishing one’s happiness. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has acted as a risk ‘amplifier’, exposing and exacerbating pre-existing hukou-based social inequalities in the governance process. The impact of the pandemic on citizen happiness is the cumulative effect of both the immediate social crisis brought on by the pandemic and long-standing structural inequalities. To improve people’s happiness and establish inclusive policies, this paper advocates for a ‘people-centered’ urban governance that enhances public satisfaction and addresses the needs and priorities of migrant populations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Health Psychology)

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15 pages, 279 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Trauma-Responsive Vocational Rehabilitation Services

by Sara Chopp, Dimitri Topitzes and Joshua Mersky

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 511; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060511 - 19 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1440

Abstract

Research on the effectiveness of Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) Programs has revealed that VR services are less effective for trauma-affected and Black consumers. For instance, consumers with trauma exposure disengage from services earlier than their non-traumatized counterparts, and Black consumers benefit less from each [...] Read more.

Research on the effectiveness of Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) Programs has revealed that VR services are less effective for trauma-affected and Black consumers. For instance, consumers with trauma exposure disengage from services earlier than their non-traumatized counterparts, and Black consumers benefit less from each phase of VR services compared to others. One midwestern state’s VR program sought to address these disparities by offering trauma-informed and trauma-responsive services that emphasize cultural responsiveness, racial equity, and strengths-based practices. To begin this work, the state’s VR program collaborated with an applied research unit in a public university to establish two work groups: a communications group and a training group. The purpose of the communications group was to build a robust referral network within the VR Division and with other community-based agencies and providers, particularly for low-income, Black consumers. The purpose of the training group was to develop and deliver a training program to support VR professionals in providing trauma-informed and trauma-responsive services. Results from an evaluation of the training indicated that each training module generated for staff both reminders and new insights into ways to effectively work with consumers. Staff expressed that they wanted opportunities to further explore and apply the training content and needed additional, ongoing support to implement what they were learning. In response to staff needs, the state’s VR program is continuing to invest in this community–university partnership by establishing communities of practice for staff and evaluating the effectiveness of the training program. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Perspectives on Trauma-Responsive Care)

17 pages, 361 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Role of Emergent Literacy Assessment in Brazilian Portuguese Literacy Acquisition during COVID-19

by Érica Prates Krás Borges, Gabriella Koltermann, Carla Alexandra da Silva Moita Minervino and Jerusa Fumagalli de Salles

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 510; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060510 - 19 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1557

Abstract

The contributions of emergent literacy skills to reading and writing development have been evidenced in different linguistic contexts. The worsening of the Brazil literacy scenario during the pandemic denoted the importance of a better understanding of these contributions’ specificities in Brazilian Portuguese to [...] Read more.

The contributions of emergent literacy skills to reading and writing development have been evidenced in different linguistic contexts. The worsening of the Brazil literacy scenario during the pandemic denoted the importance of a better understanding of these contributions’ specificities in Brazilian Portuguese to support evidence-based mitigation strategies. This study aimed to analyze the associations between emergent literacy components (emergent writing, alphabet knowledge, vocabulary, and phonological awareness) and word/pseudoword reading and spelling performance in first grade students during COVID-19. A total of 42 children (M_age = 6.29 years, SD = 0.45, 52.4% female) participated remotely in this study. Correlations and multilinear regression analyses were conducted. The results show significant associations between emergent literacy components and reading and spelling performance. Stronger associations were found with specific emergent skills such as letter writing, spontaneous writing, letter-sound production, and alliteration. Regression models indicated that children’s performance in early literacy skills explained 49% of the variance in reading and 55% of the variance in spelling. This study highlighted the role of emergent writing and alphabet knowledge as reading and spelling predictors during literacy acquisition in Brazilian Portuguese. Implications for educational context and directions for remediating the negative impact of the pandemic on learning were discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Reading, Writing, and Arithmetic: Typical and Atypical Cognitive Development)

11 pages, 1099 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mediating Effect of Quality of Sleep Moderated by Meaning in Life on the Relationship between Hwabyung and Suicidal Ideation in Middle-Aged Korean Women

by Goo-Churl Jeong, Jae-Sun An and Sun-Hwa Shin

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 509; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060509 - 19 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1357

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the quality of sleep and meaning in life in the process by which Hwabyung symptoms affect suicidal ideation in middle-aged Korean women. A total of 265 women aged 40–65 years were enrolled [...] Read more.

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the quality of sleep and meaning in life in the process by which Hwabyung symptoms affect suicidal ideation in middle-aged Korean women. A total of 265 women aged 40–65 years were enrolled in an online survey. The study variables were measured using the Hwabyung, quality of sleep, meaning in life, and suicidal ideation scales. The data were analyzed using the PROCESS Procedure for SPSS Release 3.5 (Model 14) program with a 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval. Hwabyung symptoms in middle-aged women had a significant direct effect on suicidal ideation, and an indirect effect through the quality of sleep was also statistically significant. Meaning in life was found to significantly moderate the indirect effect of Hwabyung on suicidal ideation through the quality of sleep. In other words, the greater the meaning in life, the weaker the effect of Hwabyung on suicidal ideation through the quality of sleep. The Hwabyung of middle-aged women caused a psychological crisis and was a great threat to physical health by lowering the quality of sleep. The low quality of sleep and the increase in suicidal ideation due to Hwabyung pose a great threat to the survival of middle-aged women. It was found that it is very important to find meaning in one’s life as an effective way to reduce suicidal ideation in middle-aged women. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Health Psychology)

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17 pages, 718 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Evaluating Technology-Based Self-Monitoring of Performance with Differential Reinforcement for Students with Disabilities

by Madeline R. Risse, Kwang-Sun Cho Blair and Danielle A. Russo

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 508; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060508 - 18 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2658

Abstract

This study evaluated the use of a technology-based self-monitoring of performance (SMP) with differential reinforcement to increase task completion and reduce off-task behavior for three 5th-grade students with disabilities. A concurrent multiple baseline design across participants was used to examine the impact of [...] Read more.

This study evaluated the use of a technology-based self-monitoring of performance (SMP) with differential reinforcement to increase task completion and reduce off-task behavior for three 5th-grade students with disabilities. A concurrent multiple baseline design across participants was used to examine the impact of the intervention on the targeted behaviors when implemented by a general education teacher and its maintenance effects with a delay of reinforcement. The implementation involved training students to use a mobile app for SMP and providing differential reinforcement contingent on task completion and accuracy of self-monitoring during academic periods. The secondary measure of off-task behavior was included to evaluate the relationship between task completion and engagement. The results demonstrated that the technology-based SMP with differential reinforcement increased task completion and reduced off-task behavior for all students. Furthermore, the gradual fading of the reinforcement, with a 45 min delay, was successful for all students. The efficiency and immediacy of the intervention suggest that technology-based SMP with differential reinforcement holds promise as a practical, efficient, and effective school-based intervention. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Behaviors in Educational Settings)

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14 pages, 688 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Psychometric Properties of Interpersonal Regulation Questionnaire for Chinese College Students: Gender Differences and Implications for Well-Being

by Yanhua Zhao, Niu Wang, Jiahui Niu, Xingchen Li and Lei Zhang

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060507 - 16 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2095

Abstract

Intrapersonal emotion dysregulation has been found to be a transdiagnostic predictor in the development of almost all affective disorders. Interpersonal resources are also involved in achieving people’s emotion regulation goals. The Interpersonal Regulation Questionnaire (IRQ) has been developed to assess the tendency and [...] Read more.

Intrapersonal emotion dysregulation has been found to be a transdiagnostic predictor in the development of almost all affective disorders. Interpersonal resources are also involved in achieving people’s emotion regulation goals. The Interpersonal Regulation Questionnaire (IRQ) has been developed to assess the tendency and efficacy of people using external resources to help manage their emotions. Under the restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the role of interpersonal emotion regulation in individuals’ adjustment and well-being remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the optimal factor structure of the IRQ in Chinese culture using an exploratory structural equation modeling approach and to examine the associations between interpersonal emotion regulation, tested by the IRQ, and young people’s intrapersonal emotion dysregulation and social and emotional well-being. The sample consisted of 556 college students aged from 17 to 31 from Mainland China. Factor analyses suggested that the four-factor structure was the optimal model for the current data. Females reported a higher tendency to use external resources to regulate their negative emotions and higher efficacy in regulating negative emotions. The Chinese version of the IRQ (C-IRQ) presented adequate psychometric properties and would be a useful tool for measuring interpersonal emotion regulation behaviors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Wellbeing and Mental Health among Students)

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7 pages, 221 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Healthy Even through Cancer: What Are the Assumptions and Outcomes for Psychological Intervention?

by Eleonora Pinto

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 506; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060506 - 16 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1177

Abstract

Cancer remains a highly fatal disease, a major cause of mortality and a huge health burden around the world, requiring increased primary prevention efforts, screenings and treatments [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Healthy Even through Cancer—What Are the Assumptions and Outcomes for Psychological Intervention)

16 pages, 325 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Sexual Self as a Function of Relationship Status in an Emerging Adult Sample

by B. J. Rye

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 505; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060505 - 16 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 11991

Abstract

A sample of emerging adult university students completed a survey with the goal of investigating components of “the sexual self” and how these constructs were influenced by romantic relationship status. Three general aspects of the sexual self were considered: sexual self-concept, comfort with [...] Read more.

A sample of emerging adult university students completed a survey with the goal of investigating components of “the sexual self” and how these constructs were influenced by romantic relationship status. Three general aspects of the sexual self were considered: sexual self-concept, comfort with sexuality, and past sexual behavior. Sexual self-concept was defined as composed of constructs such as sexual self-schema, self-efficacy, consciousness, optimism, problem self-blame, power/other control, and motivation to avoid risky sex. Sexual comfort, conceptualized as a personality disposition of erotophobia–erotophilia, was assessed using three instruments. This included the Sexual Opinion Survey, the original individual difference measure of erotophobia–erotophilia. Past sexual behavior was assessed with the Derogatis Sexual Functioning Inventory. Findings suggested that individuals in a relationship had more positive sexual self-concepts and were more erotophilic and comfortable with sexuality generally. These differences were modest, based on effect size statistics. Past sexual experience also differed, contingent on relationship status. Some sexual self-concept scales were predictive of sexual satisfaction, while comfort with sexuality was predictive of relational satisfaction. Romantic relationships may have important implications for sexual selfhood, but this is a tentative suggestion, as this was a correlational study and the relationships are likely bidirectional. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Social Psychology)

18 pages, 673 KiB

Open AccessPerspective

Lifelong Fitness in Ambulatory Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy II: Influencing the Trajectory

by Susan V. Duff, Justine D. Kimbel, Marybeth Grant-Beuttler, Theresa Sukal-Moulton, Noelle G. Moreau and Kathleen M. Friel

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 504; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060504 - 15 Jun 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1849

Abstract

Physical activity of at least moderate intensity in all children contributes to higher levels of physical and psychological health. While essential, children with cerebral palsy (CP) often lack the physical capacity, resources, and knowledge to engage in physical activity at a sufficient intensity [...] Read more.

Physical activity of at least moderate intensity in all children contributes to higher levels of physical and psychological health. While essential, children with cerebral palsy (CP) often lack the physical capacity, resources, and knowledge to engage in physical activity at a sufficient intensity to optimize health and well-being. Low levels of physical activity place them at risk for declining fitness and health, contributing to a sedentary lifestyle. From this perspective, we describe a framework to foster a lifelong trajectory of fitness in ambulatory children with CP (GMFCS I–III) as they progress into adolescence and adulthood, implemented in conjunction with a training program to augment bone and muscle health. First, we recommend that altering the fitness trajectory of children with CP will require the use of methods to drive behavioral change prior to adolescence. Second, to promote behavior change, we suggest embedding lifestyle intervention into fitness programming while including meaningful activities and peer socialization to foster self-directed habit formation. If the inclusion of lifestyle intervention to drive behavior change is embedded into fitness programs and found to be effective, it may guide the delivery of targeted programming and community implementation. Participation in comprehensive programming could alter the long-term trajectory of musculoskeletal health while fostering strong self-efficacy in persons with CP. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shifting the Therapeutic Paradigm for Children with Neuromotor Disabilities to Maximizing Development)

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14 pages, 606 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Proactive Career Orientation and Subjective Career Success: A Perspective of Career Construction Theory

by Po-Chien Chang, Yuanli Guo, Qihai Cai and Hongchi Guo

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 503; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060503 - 15 Jun 2023

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4244

Abstract

In the current dynamic and flexible work environment, traditional career models are constantly challenged by individuals’ self-concepts of career development. Previous studies have investigated the predictors of subjective career success, yet little is known about the impact of proactive career orientation on subjective [...] Read more.

In the current dynamic and flexible work environment, traditional career models are constantly challenged by individuals’ self-concepts of career development. Previous studies have investigated the predictors of subjective career success, yet little is known about the impact of proactive career orientation on subjective career success. This study, grounded in the career construction theory, aims to examine the influence mechanism of proactive career orientation on subjective career success by analyzing questionnaire data from 296 employees. Empirical results indicate that proactive career orientation has a positive impact on subjective career success. Second, career adaptability partially mediates the relationship between proactive career orientation and subjective career success. Third, mentoring moderates the relationship between proactive career orientation and career adaptability, as well as the relationship between career adaptability and subjective career success. Specifically, both the positive impact of proactive career orientation on career adaptability and the positive impact of career adaptability on subjective career success are stronger when the level of mentoring is higher. Fourth, the indirect relationship between proactive career orientation and subjective career success through career adaptability is stronger when mentoring is high compared to when mentoring is low. This study contributes to the career construction theory by identifying the influence mechanism of proactive career orientation on subjective career success through career adaptability, with mentoring moderating the process. As for practical implications, research findings remind managers of the importance of career planning and mentorship in enhancing employees’ subjective career successes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adaptability Resources, Future Work Selves, and Psychological Resilience: Systemic Determinants and Supports)

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21 pages, 1268 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Mediating Role of Brand Trust and Brand Love between Brand Experience and Loyalty: A Study on Smartphones in China

by Meng Na, Li Rong, Mohd Helmi Ali, Syed Shah Alam, Mohammad Masukujjaman and Khairul Anuar Mohd Ali

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 502; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060502 - 14 Jun 2023

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 7305

Abstract

Smartphones have become increasingly essential in people’s daily lives. Studying the enablers that influence students’ smartphone buying intentions can inform technology-enhanced learning development, whereas research on brand loyalty and experience is important for marketing strategies. While prior research has acknowledged the importance of [...] Read more.

Smartphones have become increasingly essential in people’s daily lives. Studying the enablers that influence students’ smartphone buying intentions can inform technology-enhanced learning development, whereas research on brand loyalty and experience is important for marketing strategies. While prior research has acknowledged the importance of brand experience and customer loyalty, little literature has investigated the specific dimensions of brand loyalty and their connection to brand love and trust. This study investigates the effects of brand attributes on loyalty and word-of-mouth engagement in choosing smartphones in China, including the mediating role of brand trust and brand love between brand experience and loyalty. The study adopted a research framework based on the previous literature and tested it empirically. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey method, collecting 369 questionnaires from Chinese students in mainland China. The collected data were analyzed with the help of structural equation modelling by applying AMOS software version 26. The results showed that brand experience had a significant influence on brand trust, brand love, attitudinal loyalty, and word-of-mouth, except for behavioral loyalty. Likewise, the link between brand trust and attitudinal loyalty, behavioral loyalty, and brand love was found to be significant. The effect of brand love on attitudinal loyalty and behavioral loyalty became significant. Additionally, the study confirmed that behavioral trust and brand love significantly mediates the relationship between brand experience–attitudinal loyalty, and brand experience–behavioral loyalty, respectively. The study results provide numerous theoretical and managerial implications to help academicians and practitioners provide better customer and brand relationship management. Full article

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16 pages, 289 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Correlates of COVID-19 Preventative Behaviors before and after Vaccination Availability

by Kristopher J. Kimbler, Caleb Gromer, Melissa Ayala and Brianna Casey

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 501; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060501 - 14 Jun 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1309

Abstract

As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, various preventative behaviors and eventually vaccinations became available to decrease the spread of the virus. The current study examined a variety of variables (i.e., age, COVID-19-related economic hardship, interpersonal concern, personality, fear of COVID-19, normative beliefs, political beliefs, [...] Read more.

As the COVID-19 pandemic progressed, various preventative behaviors and eventually vaccinations became available to decrease the spread of the virus. The current study examined a variety of variables (i.e., age, COVID-19-related economic hardship, interpersonal concern, personality, fear of COVID-19, normative beliefs, political beliefs, and vaccine hesitancy) to better understand predictors of preventative behaviors and vaccination status at different points throughout the pandemic. Online questionnaires, administered through Qualtrics, were used to collect data using two convenience samples. One was a small sample (N = 44) of non-student participants before the vaccine was readily available. The other sample (N = 274) included college student participants and occurred after the vaccine had been available to all participants. Results suggest that several variables (i.e., fear of COVID-19, normative beliefs, interpersonal concern, and openness) were consistent predictors of public health behaviors at both points in time and across differently aged samples. Other variables (i.e., agreeableness, extraversion, conscientiousness, and economic hardship) were less consistent with their relationships with public health behaviors. Implications related to both research and public health are discussed. Full article

11 pages, 949 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effect of Just-World Beliefs on Cyberaggression: A Moderated Mediation Model

by Qingsong Sang, Qi Kang, Kun Zhang, Shouli Shu and Lijuan Quan

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 500; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060500 - 14 Jun 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1870

Abstract

(1) Background: To examine the relationship among just-world beliefs, self-control, and cyberaggression among college students. (2) Methods: A total of 1133 college students were surveyed using the just-world belief scale, self-control scale, and cyberaggression scale. (3) Results: The results showed that college students [...] Read more.

(1) Background: To examine the relationship among just-world beliefs, self-control, and cyberaggression among college students. (2) Methods: A total of 1133 college students were surveyed using the just-world belief scale, self-control scale, and cyberaggression scale. (3) Results: The results showed that college students with low levels of belief in justice frequently showed cyberaggression; belief in a just world directly and negatively predicted cyberaggression, and indirectly predicted student cyberaggression through self-control; gender moderated the indirect effect of self-control on cyberaggression and the direct effect of belief in a just world on cyberaggression. (4) Conclusions: Belief in a just world significantly and negatively predicts cyberaggression; self-control has an indirect significant effect on cyberaggression; the direct effect of belief in a just world on cyberaggression and the mediating effect of self-control on this association are moderated by gender. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Adolescent Risk Behaviors: Harm from Social Networking and Alcohol Use)

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16 pages, 300 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Food and Development: Children and Adolescents with Neurodevelopmental and Comorbid Eating Disorders—A Case Series

by Jacopo Pruccoli, Giulia Guardi, Angela La Tempa, Beatrice Valeriani, Francesca Chiavarino and Antonia Parmeggiani

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 499; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060499 - 13 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2411

Abstract

The impact of psychiatric comorbidities in the diagnosis and treatment of feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) represents an emerging research topic. The current literature, nonetheless, lacks studies investigating the developmental paths of individuals with FEDs and comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Here, we report [...] Read more.

The impact of psychiatric comorbidities in the diagnosis and treatment of feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) represents an emerging research topic. The current literature, nonetheless, lacks studies investigating the developmental paths of individuals with FEDs and comorbid neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Here, we report 11 cases of children and adolescents with comorbid FEDs and NDDs, as assessed along the neuropsychological, psychopathological, and nutritional developmental pathways. The onset of FED-related psychopathology was preceded, sometimes undiagnosed, by altered neurodevelopmental features leading to specific NDD diagnoses (autism spectrum disorder—ASD; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder—ADHD; specific learning disorder—SLD). NDDs appeared to influence the diagnoses and treatments of FEDs, frequently with an impact on socio-relational and emotional premorbid features, and on the possibility to receive and attend FED-targeted treatments. Further studies should longitudinally contribute to assessing the experiences of care and neurodevelopmental pathways of children with FEDs and specific NDD comorbidities. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Actual Debate on Comorbidity between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Children)

16 pages, 1136 KiB

Open AccessArticle

An Empirical Study of Social Loafing Behavior among Public Officers in South Korea: The Role of Trust in a Supervisor, Perceived Organizational Support, and Perceived Organizational Politics

by Jin Young Kim, Wonho Jeung, Seung-Wan Kang and Ted A. Paterson

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 498; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060498 - 13 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2069

Abstract

This study explored the effects of trust in a supervisor (TIS) on social loafing behaviors of employees. In addition, this study examined the mediating effect of perceived organizational support (POS) on the relationship between trust in a supervisor and employees’ social loafing behaviors. [...] Read more.

This study explored the effects of trust in a supervisor (TIS) on social loafing behaviors of employees. In addition, this study examined the mediating effect of perceived organizational support (POS) on the relationship between trust in a supervisor and employees’ social loafing behaviors. It also examined the moderating effects of perceived organizational politics (POP) on the relationship between TIS and POS, TIS and social loafing behaviors, and POS and social loafing behaviors. Data were collected from local government employees in Korea, and the final sample was 260. Our results indicate that trust in a supervisor has indirect negative effects on social loafing behaviors mediated by POS. In addition, it was found that the effects of TIS on POS and POS on social loafing behaviors were moderated by POP. The results of this study contribute to the extant literature on social loafing behaviors. Moreover, the findings imply that political behaviors in organizations might induce social loafing behaviors. Full article

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13 pages, 782 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Relationship between Stress Perception and Problematic Social Network Use among Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of the Fear of Missing Out

by Wangqian Fu, Rui Li and Yuqian Liang

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 497; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060497 - 13 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2465

Abstract

Based on the interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution model, this study examined the association between stress perception and problematic social network use among Chinese college students and explored the mediating effect of the fear of missing out (FoMO) on the relationship between stress perception and [...] Read more.

Based on the interaction of person-affect-cognition-execution model, this study examined the association between stress perception and problematic social network use among Chinese college students and explored the mediating effect of the fear of missing out (FoMO) on the relationship between stress perception and problematic social network use. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 554 students from nine universities in China. We found that stress perception was significantly positively correlated with problematic social network use and FoMO (r = 0.38, 0.46; p < 0.001), and FoMO was significantly positively correlated with problematic social network use (r = 0.45, p < 0.001). FoMO mediated the relationship between stress perception and problematic social network use. Conclusion: Stress perception has a negative impact on college students’ problematic social network use via the mediating effect of FoMO. Practical implications that reveal the college students’ problematic social network use were discussed as well. Full article

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21 pages, 345 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Occupational Psychosocial Risks and Quality of Professional Life in Service Sector Workers with Sensory Processing Sensitivity

by Antonio Chacón, María Luisa Avargues-Navarro, Manuela Pérez-Chacón and Mercedes Borda-Mas

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 496; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060496 - 13 Jun 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2102

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyze the role of sensory processing sensitivity in the perception of stress under certain working conditions and its relationship with indicators of quality of professional life, in service sector workers. The participants (n = 3180) [...] Read more.

The aim of this study was to analyze the role of sensory processing sensitivity in the perception of stress under certain working conditions and its relationship with indicators of quality of professional life, in service sector workers. The participants (n = 3180) completed the Spanish versions of HSPS-S, CoPSoQ and ProQoL. The results show that exposure to certain working conditions represents a risk to the quality of professional life in workers of different fields, such as education, healthcare, hospitality and administration/management. The presence of high sensitivity is associated with poorer quality of professional life, specifically burnout and compassion fatigue. This study demonstrates the need to develop prevention programs aimed at managing stress by improving the working conditions, in order to adequately address sensory processing sensitivity and, consequently, promote the quality of professional life of service sector workers who present high sensitivity. Full article

13 pages, 1937 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Stimulus Heterogeneity in a Task-Irrelevant Dimension Affects Selective Attention

by Cheol Hwan Kim and Suk Won Han

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 495; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060495 - 12 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1308

Abstract

When multiple stimuli are simultaneously presented, they compete against each other to be represented in the capacity-limited visual system. This competition increases as stimulus heterogeneity increases. Given that selective attention is a way to resolve this competition, it has been known that the [...] Read more.

When multiple stimuli are simultaneously presented, they compete against each other to be represented in the capacity-limited visual system. This competition increases as stimulus heterogeneity increases. Given that selective attention is a way to resolve this competition, it has been known that the effect of attention on task performance is magnified as the level of competition increases due to increased stimulus heterogeneity. While previous studies showed that stimulus heterogeneity in a task-irrelevant dimension affects task performance, it remains unknown how this kind of stimulus heterogeneity interacts with visual attention and stimulus-driven competition. Here, we found that the process of searching for a target stimulus among non-targets became inefficient as stimulus heterogeneity in a task-irrelevant dimension increased. The results also showed that the magnitude of the attentional cuing effect could be affected by increased heterogeneity. However, this modulation was dependent on the type of varied feature or task demand. We suggest that increased stimulus heterogeneity in a task-irrelevant dimension would increase stimulus-driven competition, which impoverishes the quality of stimulus representations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Cognition)

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16 pages, 18857 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Face to Love or Trust

by Christer Johansson and Per Olav Folgerø

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 494; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060494 - 12 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1610

Abstract

This article demonstrates the use of a card sorting game that is suitable for field studies. Subjective judgment in face perception is studied by sorting faces based on attractiveness or trustworthiness. Are beautiful people also trustworthy, or does beauty come with a price? [...] Read more.

This article demonstrates the use of a card sorting game that is suitable for field studies. Subjective judgment in face perception is studied by sorting faces based on attractiveness or trustworthiness. Are beautiful people also trustworthy, or does beauty come with a price? Our first hypothesis is that the two conditions like and trust are different. We investigate this using a sorting game, where participants are asked to sort 27 semi-artificial portraits according to how much they like or trust the faces. The faces are in two different conditions: prototypes and individualized prototypes. Our participants were consistent in their judgments. Participants claim to have reacted to small inconsistencies in facial expressions in the trust condition, and we investigate the relation to anatomical features using a model and Correspondence Analysis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Cognition)

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16 pages, 305 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Job Autonomy and Work Meaning: Drivers of Employee Job-Crafting Behaviors in the VUCA Times

by Ting Nie, Min Tian, Mingyang Cai and Qiao Yan

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 493; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060493 - 12 Jun 2023

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 8048

Abstract

In the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous environment (VUCA), employees can better match the organization and jobs by crafting their job perceptions, work tasks, and relationships, which is valuable to maintain organizational sustainable competitiveness and promote employees’ personal growth. This study explores the [...] Read more.

In the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous environment (VUCA), employees can better match the organization and jobs by crafting their job perceptions, work tasks, and relationships, which is valuable to maintain organizational sustainable competitiveness and promote employees’ personal growth. This study explores the influence mechanisms of job autonomy and work meaning on employees’ job-crafting behaviors and the moderating effect of perceived organizational change through a survey of 318 employees in Chinese companies. The results show that job autonomy and work meaning can promote employees’ job-crafting behaviors by increasing individuals’ harmonious work passion. The indirect effects of job autonomy and work meaning on employee job-crafting behaviors through harmonious work passion are stronger for individuals with high perceived organizational change relative to those with low perceived organizational change. Organizations should concentrate on job redesign to improve employees’ job autonomy and work meaning. A climate of change should also be created within the organization to keep employees aware of the crisis. Meanwhile, employees should actively use work resources to meet the changing needs of organizational development and promote individual career development through job-crafting behaviors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Living in a Time of Change and Uncertainty—New Developments in Applied Social Psychology)

16 pages, 337 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Aspects of Sexuality in Quilombola Communities’ Young Adults in Eastern Brazilian Amazon

by Lilian Gabrielle Ramos Costa, Aline Cristina Mercês Pinheiro, Iasmin Pereira Cabral Miranda, Aline Lobato de Farias, Hilton Pereira da Silva, Fabiana de Campos Gomes, Angélica Mércia Pascon Barbosa, Thalita da Luz Costa and João Simão de Melo Neto

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 492; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060492 - 12 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1285

Abstract

Quilombola communities are descended from African slaves who escaped in resistance to imperial rule in Brazil. Today, these communities suffer from inadequate health care and health promotion programs due to socioeconomic, geographic, and political factors. This generates greater vulnerability among these groups because [...] Read more.

Quilombola communities are descended from African slaves who escaped in resistance to imperial rule in Brazil. Today, these communities suffer from inadequate health care and health promotion programs due to socioeconomic, geographic, and political factors. This generates greater vulnerability among these groups because they have limited information about prevention to improve their quality of life. This research aimed to analyze the sexuality of young quilombola adults and the impact on their quality of life through an observational, cross-sectional, quantitative study with descriptive and inferential analyses. Our study is the first to address these issues among quilombolas in the Eastern Amazon region. The participants were 79 individuals of both sexes, aged between 18 to 35 years, belonging to seven communities in the state of Pará. The questionnaires were designed to assess sexual behavior and satisfaction, values and beliefs about sexuality, prejudice regarding sexual and gender diversity, knowledge about sexually transmitted infections (STIs), beliefs about maternity, and quality of life. Women reported greater sexual dissatisfaction and lower quality of life than men. Men reported no dysfunctions; however, they were highly prejudiced towards sexual and gender diversity. Low education negatively impacts the health of quilombola populations, as knowledge about STIs and values and beliefs influence sexual behavior, exposing individuals to diseases. The research also confirms that, both among quilombolas and other groups, factors such as sexual satisfaction, values and beliefs about reproduction, and affectivity directly influence the quality of life. Full article

13 pages, 1297 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Differential Effects of Musical Expression of Emotions and Psychological Distress on Subjective Appraisals and Emotional Responses to Music

by Aimee Jeehae Kim

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 491; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060491 - 11 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3890

Abstract

This study aims to investigate how musical expressions of emotion and individuals’ psychological distress impact subjective ratings of emotional response and subjective appraisals, including familiarity, complexity, and preference. A sample of 123 healthy adults participated in an online survey experiment. After listening to [...] Read more.

This study aims to investigate how musical expressions of emotion and individuals’ psychological distress impact subjective ratings of emotional response and subjective appraisals, including familiarity, complexity, and preference. A sample of 123 healthy adults participated in an online survey experiment. After listening to four music excerpts with distinct musical expressions of emotional valence and arousal in a randomized sequence. Participants rated subjective emotions of energy, tension, and valence, as well as subjective appraisals, on a visual analogue scale ranging from 0 to 100. The results of repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated significant differences in emotional responses and appraisals across the ratings for different music excerpts (p > 0.01, respectively). The generalized linear mixed model results further revealed a significant main effect of musical valence on all emotional response dimensions of energy (β = −4.73 **), tension (β = 14.31 ***), valence level (β = −18.81 ***), and subjective appraisal in terms of familiarity (β = −23.06 ***), complexity (β = −6.67 ***), and preference (β = −19.54 ***). Musical arousal showed comparable results except for effects on emotional valence ratings. However, significant effects of psychological distress regarding depression, anxiety, and stress scores were only partially observed. Findings suggest that the expression of emotions through music primarily influences emotional responses and subjective appraisals, while the influence of an individual’s psychological distress level may be relatively subtle. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Health Psychology)

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11 pages, 994 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Combining Unimanual and Bimanual Therapies for Children with Hemiparesis: Is There an Optimal Delivery Schedule?

by Ka Lai K. Au, Julie L. Knitter, Susan Morrow-McGinty, Talita C. Campos, Jason B. Carmel and Kathleen M. Friel

Behav. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 490; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs13060490 - 9 Jun 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3141

Abstract

Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) and bimanual therapy (BT) are among the most effective hand therapies for children with unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP). Since they train different aspects of hand use, they likely have synergistic effects. The aim of this study was to examine [...] Read more.

Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) and bimanual therapy (BT) are among the most effective hand therapies for children with unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP). Since they train different aspects of hand use, they likely have synergistic effects. The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of different combinations of mCIMT and BT in an intensive occupational therapy program for children with uCP. Children (n = 35) participated in intensive modified CIMT (mCIMT) and BT, 6 weeks, 5 days/week, 6 h/day. During the first 2 weeks, children wore a mitt over the less-affected hand and engaged in functional and play activities with the affected hand. Starting in week 3, bimanual play and functional activities were added progressively, 1 hour/week. This intervention was compared to two different schedules of block interventions: (1) 3 weeks of mCIMT followed by 3 weeks of BT, and (2) 3 weeks of BT followed by 3 weeks of mCIMT. Hand function was tested before, after, and two months after therapy with the Assisting Hand Assessment (AHA), Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). All three groups of children improved in functional independence (PEDI; p < 0.031), goal performance (COPM Performance; p < 0.0001) and satisfaction (COPM Satisfaction; p < 0.0001), which persisted two months post-intervention. All groups showed similar amounts of improvement, indicating that the delivery schedule for mCIMT and BT does not significantly impact the outcomes. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Shifting the Therapeutic Paradigm for Children with Neuromotor Disabilities to Maximizing Development)

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Behav. Sci., Volume 13, Issue 6 (June 2023) – 83 articles

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