Controllable Preparation and Electrically Enhanced Particle Filtration Performance of Reduced Graphene Oxide Polyester Fiber Materials in Public Buildings

How to effectively improve the filtration characteristics of polyester fiber filtration materials in public buildings is particularly important for ensuring the health of indoor environments. This study uses the impregnation method to prepare composite materials by using the characteristics of graphene and its derivatives and, on this basis, enhances the filtration characteristics of the composite materials by applying an external voltage. The structure and particle filtration performance of the composite materials are tested and analyzed. The results indicate that the filtration efficiency of the prepared composite filter material is significantly improved compared to polyester fiber materials. When the applied voltage is 4 V, the new composite filter material has the highest weight filtration efficiency for particulate matter, with filtration efficiencies of 71.3%, 45.3%, and 35.7% for PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM_1.0, respectively. The filtration efficiency is highest when the power on time is 80 s. At this time, the filtration efficiency of the filter material for PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM_1.0 is 70.6%, 43.8%, and 35.3%, respectively. The new composite filter material has a significant lifting effect on particles with a diameter of 0–2.5 μm. It provides reference value for research and the application of new filtering materials.