Dermato

12 pages, 1760 KiB

Open AccessReview

Enhancements in Clinical Practice in the Contemporary Landscape of Male Facial Attractiveness

by Javier Anido, Nozay Guzmán, Marta Serna, Jesús Quero and Pedro Santos

Dermato 2024, 4(3), 112-123; https://doi.org/10.3390/dermato4030012 - 19 Sep 2024

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The concept of gender has evolved significantly in recent decades, moving from a binary status to a multiplicity of gender types. In today’s world, the new reality of the concept of masculinity, as defined socially and historically, must be recognized and accepted by aesthetic medicine. Consequently, aesthetic doctors will have to adapt the views and treatment plans that they propose in their consultations to the ideals of beauty, as well as with the roles, behaviors, and attributes considered masculine within their society. Each facial feature suggests a personality characteristic that represents that individual. This expert opinion article aims to assess Caucasian male gender-related anatomical facial features and achieve an expert agreement on the association of specific features with the perception of attractiveness, masculinity, and personality traits in order to cover the wide range of current male representations, as well as to provide orientation for clinical practice improvement in the contemporary landscape of facial masculinization. Full article

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15 pages, 5539 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of an AI-Based Skin Cancer Recognition Model and Its Application in Enabling Patients to Self-Triage Their Lesions with Smartphone Pictures

by Aline Lissa Okita, Raquel Machado de Sousa, Eddy Jens Rivero-Zavala, Karina Lumy Okita, Luisa Juliatto Molina Tinoco, Luis Eduardo Pedigoni Bulisani and Andre Pires dos Santos

Dermato 2024, 4(3), 97-111; https://doi.org/10.3390/dermato4030011 - 16 Aug 2024

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Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) has recently made great advances in dermatology with respect to the classification and malignancy prediction of skin diseases. In this article, we demonstrate how we have used a similar technique to build a mobile application to classify skin diseases captured by patients with their personal smartphone cameras. We used a CNN classifier to distinguish four subtypes of dermatological diseases the patients might have (“pigmentation changes and superficial infections”, “inflammatory diseases and eczemas”, “benign tumors, cysts, scars and callous”, and “suspected lesions”) and their severity in terms of morbidity and mortality risks, as well as the kind of medical consultation the patient should seek. The dataset used in this research was collected by the Department of Telemedicine of Albert Einstein Hospital in Sao Paulo and consisted of 146.277 skin images. In this paper, we show that our CNN models with an overall average classification accuracy of 79% and a sensibility of above 80% implemented in personal smartphones have the potential to lower the frequency of skin diseases and serve as an advanced tracking tool for a patient’s skin-lesion history. Full article

(This article belongs to the Collection Artificial Intelligence in Dermatology)

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11 pages, 5130 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Understanding the Importance of Daily Imaging in the Treatment of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer with Image-Guided Superficial Radiation Therapy

by Jeffrey B. Stricker, Janine Hopkins, Aaron S. Farberg and Peyton M. Harris

Dermato 2024, 4(3), 86-96; https://doi.org/10.3390/dermato4030010 - 12 Aug 2024

Viewed by 1401

Abstract

Image-guided superficial radiation therapy (IGSRT) combines superficial radiation therapy (SRT) with full dermal visualization (FDV) via high-resolution dermal ultrasound (HRDUS) for the treatment of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). The gold standard for IGSRT delivery includes a comprehensive cancer care model with support for dermatologists from a multidisciplinary team. When delivered in this model, IGSRT can achieve cure rates of 99% for treatment of NMSC. This paper focuses on the benefits of HRDUS used in conjunction with SRT for NMSC. Medical records from 7 dermatology clinics of 883 patients with 1507 cases of NMSC treated with IGSRT between 2017 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. In total, 92% of the NMSC lesions showed daily depth fluctuations, 60.32% of lesions did not require changes during therapy, and nearly 40% of lesions required at least one compensatory change during therapy. In total, 83% of NMSC lesions were labeled as high risk based on the 2024 NCCN guidelines. Increasing and decreasing tumor depth measurements during IGSRT inform dermatologists when adaptive changes in energy (kV), TDF, and dose will result in more efficacy and less toxicity, respectively. Full article

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7 pages, 768 KiB

Open AccessBrief Report

Assessment of Micellar Water pH and Product Claims

by Dēna Skadiņa, Ināra Nokalna and Alise Balcere

Dermato 2024, 4(3), 79-85; https://doi.org/10.3390/dermato4030009 - 11 Jul 2024

Viewed by 1645

Abstract

Micellar waters are widely used skincare cleansing products. It is commonly considered that micellar waters do not need to be rinsed off. Products left on the skin can affect its pH, which typically ranges from 4.1 to 5.8. and plays a vital role in maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier. Our objective was to evaluate the pH of micellar waters and investigate product claims, and differences according to target skin type. The pH of 30 samples of different micellar waters was tested. The products were categorized into groups based on target skin type. Statistical analysis was performed on both quantitative and qualitative data. In addition to descriptive statistics, the Shapiro–Wilk test, Fischer’s Exact test, and the Kruskal–Wallis test were used considering the minimal significance level of 95%. The pH of the tested micellar waters ranged from 4.25 to 7.87. Most samples, 21 (70%), claimed to have a no-rinse formula. Most products, 18 (60%), also reported some type of testing having been performed. There were no statistically significant differences in pH between target skin types but products “for all skin types” were the most likely to lack rinsing instructions. In conclusion, most micellar water samples had skin-friendly pH levels and providers should carefully consider product characteristics for patients with skin conditions. Full article

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7 pages, 3846 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Rare Presentation, Critical Diagnosis: Primary Actinomycosis of the Foot

by Alexandra Maria Dorobanțu, Mihai Lupu, Liliana Gabriela Popa, Raluca Tatar, Calin Giurcaneanu, Irina Tudose and Olguta Anca Orzan

Dermato 2024, 4(3), 72-78; https://doi.org/10.3390/dermato4030008 - 4 Jul 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1361

Abstract

Actinomycosis, an uncommon granulomatous infection caused by the Actinomyces species, rarely targets as primary involvement the limb and is often linked to traumatic incidents. In this report, we present the case of a 44-year-old female who developed multiple small nodules on her left foot over approximately 12 months. Some nodules exhibited firmness and a violet hue, while others discharged a yellowish fluid. The patient had no significant comorbidities. Despite thorough blood paraclinical assessments, including complete blood count, serological HIV testing, and QuantiFERON-TB Gold testing, no abnormalities were detected. Bacteriological examinations and cultures of the discharge yielded negative results. Dermatoscopic examination revealed ovoid yellowish structures, with confocal microscopy highlighting granulomas. A subsequent skin biopsy confirmed characteristic changes indicative of actinomycosis. Although systemic antibiotic therapy with penicillin derivatives was initially considered, the patient’s documented allergic history to this medication class, verified through allergological testing, prompted the initiation of doxycycline treatment. Notably, significant improvement was observed at the 3-month follow-up. This case underscores the importance of reporting rare instances of actinomycosis due to its diagnostic complexity and management challenges. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue What Is Your Diagnosis?—Case Report Collection)

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Dermato, Volume 4, Issue 3 (September 2024) – 5 articles

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