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Arthropoda, Volume 2, Issue 4 (December 2024) – 3 articles

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30 pages, 12755 KiB  
Article
Two New Species of Crayfish of the Genus Cherax (Crustacea, Decapoda, Parastacidae) from Western and Eastern Indonesian New Guinea
by Christian Lukhaup, Rury Eprilurahman and Thomas von Rintelen
Arthropoda 2024, 2(4), 264-293; https://doi.org/10.3390/arthropoda2040019 - 20 Dec 2024
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Abstract
Two new species of the genus Cherax are described and illustrated. Cherax rayko n. sp., endemic to the Bian River drainage basin in the Muting District, in the northern part of the Merauke Regency, South Papua, Indonesia, is described, figured, and compared with [...] Read more.
Two new species of the genus Cherax are described and illustrated. Cherax rayko n. sp., endemic to the Bian River drainage basin in the Muting District, in the northern part of the Merauke Regency, South Papua, Indonesia, is described, figured, and compared with its closest relatives, Cherax alyciae, Lukhaup, Eprilurahman & von Rintelen, 2018, and Cherax peknyi Lukhaup & Herbert, 2008. The new species may be easily distinguished from both by the shape of the rostrum, the shape of the chelae, the shape of the scaphocerite, and the coloration. Cherax phing n. sp., endemic to the Kali Ombak River drainage basin in the western part of the Kepala Burung (Vogelkop) Peninsula, Southwest Papua, Indonesia, is described, figured, and compared with its closest relatives, Cherax pulcher Lukhaup, 2015a, Cherax boesemani Lukhaup & Pekny, 2008, Cherax wagenknechtae Lukhaup and Eprilurahman, 2022, and Cherax gherardii Patoka, Bláha & Kouba, 2015. The new species may be easily distinguished from the latter species by the shape of the chelae, rostrum, and body and by the coloration. A molecular phylogeny based on a mitochondrial gene fragment, 16S, supports the morphology-based description of the two new species, which can also be clearly distinguished by sequence differences. Full article
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14 pages, 3594 KiB  
Article
The Prevalence of Egg Parasitoids of Two Cobweb Spiders in a Tropical Urban Gradient
by Natalia Jiménez-Conejo, Paul E. Hanson, Eduardo Chacón-Madrigal and Geovanna Rojas-Malavasi
Arthropoda 2024, 2(4), 250-263; https://doi.org/10.3390/arthropoda2040018 - 27 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Parasitoidism strongly influences the structure of the spiders’ populations, and it can be affected by environmental factors such as those caused by anthropogenic actions. We studied the prevalence of parasitoids in egg sacs and the proportion of eggs parasitized in each egg sac [...] Read more.
Parasitoidism strongly influences the structure of the spiders’ populations, and it can be affected by environmental factors such as those caused by anthropogenic actions. We studied the prevalence of parasitoids in egg sacs and the proportion of eggs parasitized in each egg sac of two synanthropic spider species, one native to the American continent (Parasteatoda tepidariorum) and another recently introduced to the Americas (Latrodectus geometricus). We conducted the study at two scales, along an urban gradient (from highly urbanized to rural sites) and in the vegetation surrounding each sampling site (microscale). We expected to find a larger prevalence of parasitoids in the most urbanized sites and around sampling sites with more vegetation. However, we saw more parasitized egg sacs at the intermediate urbanized site for both species, and the vegetation surrounding the sampling sites did not affect the number of parasitized egg sacs. Therefore, conditions in the site with intermediate urban development favored parasitoids. We also found more parasitized egg sacs in P. tepidariorum than in L. geometricus, which is likely a consequence of native parasites not being adapted to a new host. The proportion of eggs parasitized was similar for both species in all sites, which may be related to the behavior (e.g., searching behavior) and number of spider eggs a female parasitoid can parasitize. Full article
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24 pages, 28809 KiB  
Article
New Cases of Teratology, Albinism, Abnormal Pigmentation, Gynandromorphism, and Injury Healing in Scorpions (Arachnida: Scorpiones)
by Danniella Sherwood, Victoria Tang, Julien Tchilinguirian, Ludivine Lamare, Seth Croffy, Mark Stockmann, Jay Keller and Valerio Gerace
Arthropoda 2024, 2(4), 226-249; https://doi.org/10.3390/arthropoda2040017 - 21 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Eighteen new cases of teratology and other abnormalities within scorpions are presented, representing new cases of metasomal duplication, mesosomal anomaly, telson anomaly, albinism, and abnormal pigmentation. Furthermore, recently published literature on other scorpion anomalies are tabulated to update the recent 2023 checklist of [...] Read more.
Eighteen new cases of teratology and other abnormalities within scorpions are presented, representing new cases of metasomal duplication, mesosomal anomaly, telson anomaly, albinism, and abnormal pigmentation. Furthermore, recently published literature on other scorpion anomalies are tabulated to update the recent 2023 checklist of scorpion teratology which charted all known literature up to the aforementioned work. Full article
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