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Acoustics
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Active Control of Sound and Vibration
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Active Control of Sound and Vibration

A special issue of Acoustics (ISSN 2624-599X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 June 2024) | Viewed by 12760

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yangfan Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Interests: acoustic source modeling and sound field reconstruction; active noise control; acoustics simulation and auralization; noise control treatments; human perception of noise
Prof. Dr. Woon-Seng Gan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
Interests: active noise control; adaptive signal processing; psycho-acoustical signal processing; spatial/3D audio processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The history of active sound and vibration control technology can be dated back to its first documented attempt in the 1930s. Wave theory-based research on active control of sound and vibration started in 1950s. It first became a popular research area in 1990s, during that period, enormous studies were carried out, many effective active control signal processing algorithms were developed, and implementations were successful in a wide range of engineering applications, such as the control of noise in automobiles, aircraft, buildings, industrial environments, etc. After a one-decade “cooled-down” period, active sound and vibration control have recently reclaimed its research popularity. This is not only driven by the even wider range of application and commercialization potentials of this technology brought by the recent rocketing in the computing power of signal processing hardware together with its cost drop, but also by the unprecedented potential research outcomes if the recent research breakthroughs in other widely studied areas, such as artificial intelligence, computing technology, virtual reality, smart systems, perception-based engineering, etc., can find their ways in benefiting active control of sound and vibration.

This special issue of Acoustics welcomes submissions of recent research work in various aspects of active sound and vibration control, which include but are not limited to algorithm development, system modeling, physical mechanisms, review/tutorials, hardware and software, new sensing and computing technologies, engineering applications as well as interdisciplinary research.

Dr. Yangfan Liu
Prof. Dr. Woon-Seng Gan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Acoustics is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • active noise control algorithms
  • sensor and actuator placement
  • virtual sensing and noise control
  • secondary path modeling
  • new applications of active control
  • multiple-channel active noise control system
  • psychoacoustic techniques applied to active noise control
  • applying machine/deep learning techniques for active noise control
  • new techniques and applications in active control of sound and vibration
  • commercial applications or industry deployments
  • experimentation studies

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

24 pages, 2447 KiB  
Article
Feasibility Analysis for Active Noise Cancellation Using the Electrical Power Steering Motor
by Dominik Schubert, Simon Hecker, Stefan Sentpali and Martin Buss
Acoustics 2024, 6(3), 730-753; https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics6030040 - 31 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1384
Abstract
This paper describes the use of an electric drive as an acoustic actuator for active noise cancellation (ANC). In the presented application, the idea is to improve the noise, vibration, harshness (NVH) characteristics of passenger cars without using additional active or passive damper [...] Read more.
This paper describes the use of an electric drive as an acoustic actuator for active noise cancellation (ANC). In the presented application, the idea is to improve the noise, vibration, harshness (NVH) characteristics of passenger cars without using additional active or passive damper systems. Many of the already existing electric drives in cars are equipped with the required hardware components to generate noise and vibration, which can be used as compensation signals in an ANC application. To demonstrate the applicability of the idea, the electrical power steering (EPS) motor is stimulated with a control signal, generated by an adaptive feedforward controller, to reduce harmonic disturbances at the driver’s ears. As it turns out, the EPS system generates higher harmonics of the harmonic compensation signal due to nonlinearities in the acoustic transfer path using a harmonic excitation signal. The higher harmonics impair an improvement in the subjective hearing experience, although the airborne noise level of the harmonic disturbance signal can be clearly reduced at the driver’s ears. Therefore, two methods are presented to reduce the amplitude of the higher harmonics. The first method is to limit the filter weights of the algorithm to reduce the amplitude of the harmonic compensation signal. The filter amplitude limitation also leads to a lower amplitude of the higher harmonics, generated by the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The second method uses a parallel structure of adaptive filters to actively reduce the amplitude of the higher harmonics. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed ANC system is demonstrated in two real driving situations, where in one case a synthetic noise/vibration induced by a shaker on the front axle carrier is considered to be the disturbance, and in the other case, the disturbance is a harmonic vibration generated by the combustion engine. In both cases, the subjective hearing experience of the driver could be clearly improved using the EPS motor as ANC actuator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Control of Sound and Vibration)
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23 pages, 5866 KiB  
Article
Comparing the Performance of Robust Controllers for Vibration Suppression in Long Rotor Systems
by Majid Aleyaasin
Acoustics 2024, 6(1), 134-156; https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics6010008 - 1 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1808
Abstract
In this paper, the vibration control of the multivariable model of rotor bearing systems is considered for investigation. Some simply structured controllers that can suppress vibrational disturbances are tested for their robustness via the H∞ optimality criteria. Initially, intelligent optimisation techniques are [...] Read more.
In this paper, the vibration control of the multivariable model of rotor bearing systems is considered for investigation. Some simply structured controllers that can suppress vibrational disturbances are tested for their robustness via the H∞ optimality criteria. Initially, intelligent optimisation techniques are used to minimize the H∞ mixed-sensitivity norm of the Linear Fractional Transformation (LFT) of the simple two-term PI controllers acting on the rotor system models. This results in some controllers that can suppress the vibration but with a slow oscillatory response. After this, an appropriate interpretation of the Bode plot singular values of the combined sensitivity and control effort matrix is used to explain the performance shortcomings of this controller. Moreover, the existing simply structured controllers in the literature exhibiting a faster performance are examined by using singular value plots. It is shown that when the maximum singular value of the control effort matrix drops below the 0 db line, the performance will be boosted. Finally, the H∞ controllers are designed by using the robust control toolbox in MATLAB. This resulted in rapid disturbance rejection, with the vibration amplitude diminishing to zero after 0.3 s due to double-step disturbances. However, these controllers in the frequency domain have an order of eight and may not be realizable to be implemented in practice. It is concluded that examining the Bode plot of the maximum singular value of the control effort matrix is a useful tool for evaluating performance in the frequency domain. However, designing robust controllers by toolboxes in the time domain can lead to superb performance with higher-order controllers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Control of Sound and Vibration)
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13 pages, 18546 KiB  
Article
Active Control of the Reflection Coefficient of an Underwater Surface
by Johannes Timmermann, Norbert Hövelmann and Delf Sachau
Acoustics 2023, 5(4), 1148-1160; https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5040065 - 8 Dec 2023
Viewed by 2214
Abstract
From a strategic point of view, it is essential to protect underwater vehicles from being detected by opponents. Modern mono- or bistatic sonar systems are capable of precisely determining the position of a watercraft. In order to triangulate the positions of watercrafts, the [...] Read more.
From a strategic point of view, it is essential to protect underwater vehicles from being detected by opponents. Modern mono- or bistatic sonar systems are capable of precisely determining the position of a watercraft. In order to triangulate the positions of watercrafts, the sonar sends out acoustic signals that are reflected by the vehicles’ surfaces. These deflected sound waves are subsequently detected and evaluated. How well an object can be detected using a sonar can be measured according to the target strength. Through their shape, construction and choice of materials, modern underwater vehicles are optimized in relation to minimizing their radiated and reflected sound waves; in this way, their target strength is minimized. These passive measures are particularly effective in the medium- and high-frequency range down to 1500 Hz. To effectively reduce reflections at lower frequencies, an active system is developed in this study and evaluated in a laboratory test with a water-filled impedance tube. The incident sound waves were measured in front of an active surface and then processed using an adaptive control system based on an FPGA platform. The system operates with a very thin piezoceramic applied to the surface in order to minimize the reflections of the sound waves. The laboratory tests showed the high effectiveness of the system under the influence of sonar-like signals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Control of Sound and Vibration)
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13 pages, 3420 KiB  
Article
A Stable IIR Filter Design Approach for High-Order Active Noise Control Applications
by Yongjie Zhuang and Yangfan Liu
Acoustics 2023, 5(3), 746-758; https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5030044 - 25 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3210
Abstract
In commercial non-adaptive active noise control (ANC) applications, an IIR filter structure is often used to reduce real-time computations. On the contrary, an FIR filter structure is usually preferred in the filter design phase because the FIR filter design formulation can be convex [...] Read more.
In commercial non-adaptive active noise control (ANC) applications, an IIR filter structure is often used to reduce real-time computations. On the contrary, an FIR filter structure is usually preferred in the filter design phase because the FIR filter design formulation can be convex and is simple to solve. To combine the benefits of both FIR and IIR filter structures, one common approach in ANC applications is to use an IIR filter structure to fit a pre-designed FIR filter. However, to ensure stability, most of the common IIR filter fitting approaches involve the computation and relocation of poles which can be difficult for high-order cases. In this current work, a stable IIR filter design approach that does not need the computation and relocation of poles is improved to be applicable in ANC applications. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve better fitting accuracy and steady-state noise control performance in high-order non-adaptive applications when the pre-designed noise control FIR filter is fitted. Besides fitting the noise control filter, the proposed method can also be used to fit the secondary path and acoustic feedback path to reduce the required real-time computations if adaptive controllers are applied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Control of Sound and Vibration)
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15 pages, 4539 KiB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of Distributed Speed Feedback Control of Turbulent Boundary Layer Excitation Curved Plates Radiation Noise
by Dapeng Wei, Bilong Liu and Ludi Kang
Acoustics 2023, 5(2), 414-428; https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5020024 - 19 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1978
Abstract
The control of decentralized velocity feedback on curved aircraft plates under turbulent boundary layer excitations is numerically investigated in this paper. Sixteen active control units are set on the plate to reduce the vibration and sound radiation of the plate. The computational results [...] Read more.
The control of decentralized velocity feedback on curved aircraft plates under turbulent boundary layer excitations is numerically investigated in this paper. Sixteen active control units are set on the plate to reduce the vibration and sound radiation of the plate. The computational results from the two methods are compared to verify the accuracy of the numerical model. The plate kinetic energy and the radiated sound power under turbulent boundary layer and control unit excitations are analyzed. The influences of control unit distribution, plate thickness and curvature on radiated sound are discussed. Unlike a flat plate, the control of the lower-order high radiation modes of a curved plate under TBL excitations is critical since these modes predominate the sound radiations. The control of these modes, however, is sensitive to the ratio of the stiffness associated with the membrane tensions to the stiffness associated with the bending forces. This ratio implies that the plate curvature and the thickness play an important role in the control effect. When the plate is thinner and the radius is smaller, the control is less effective. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Control of Sound and Vibration)
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