Machine Learning for HCI: Cases, Trends and Challenges

A special issue of AI (ISSN 2673-2688).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2024) | Viewed by 5246

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Management Science and Technology, University of Patras, GR 26500 Patra, Greece
Interests: user modelling; web mining; HCI; interaction design; usability evaluation; digital marketing and programmatic advertising

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Guest Editor
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of the Peloponnese, GR 263 34 Patra, Greece
Interests: human computer interaction; interaction design; information systems; databases; data/web mining; knowledge on demand/personalized services

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the last few years, the field of human–computer interaction (HCI) has undergone significant progress due to contributions of machine learning (ML) techniques. The deployment of ML allows HCI researchers and practitioners to dissect user behavior, forecast user inclinations, streamline interface adjustments, and tailor interactions to personal needs and preferences, thus enabling improved interaction design and usability. ML techniques can leverage various types of HCI data such as user actions (clicks, taps, gestures), usage patterns (time spent on tasks, sequence of actions, etc.), user feedback (surveys, interviews, etc.), biometric data (eye-tracking, facial expressions, physiological signals, etc.), contextual and preference data, error logs or accessibility data (disabilities).

The convergence of ML and HCI has introduced a new era of perceptive, adaptable, and user-centric interactive systems, as designers are no longer required to anticipate user needs and specify static interactions, but are able to analyse user behaviour and dynamically adapt the interaction accordingly, leading to more intuitive, engaging and usable interactions. The goal of this Special Issue is to bring together researchers from the areas of ML and HCI working on the combination of the two domains. The issue will gather best practices, latest findings and current trends and challenges from research and industry, deploying ML techniques for solving HCI-related problems and offering new or improved capabilities to the way humans interact with modern computer systems.

Dr. Maria Rigou
Prof. Dr. Spiros Sirmakessis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • user behaviour analysis
  • gesture and voice interaction
  • attention monitoring
  • affective interaction
  • interface adaptation
  • personality trait recognition
  • intelligent user interfaces
  • recommender systems
  • human-in-the-loop machine learning
  • ethics

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

32 pages, 4863 KiB  
Article
From Eye Movements to Personality Traits: A Machine Learning Approach in Blood Donation Advertising
by Stefanos Balaskas, Maria Koutroumani, Maria Rigou and Spiros Sirmakessis
AI 2024, 5(2), 635-666; https://doi.org/10.3390/ai5020034 - 10 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1812
Abstract
Blood donation heavily depends on voluntary involvement, but the problem of motivating and retaining potential blood donors remains. Understanding the personality traits of donors can assist in this case, bridging communication gaps and increasing participation and retention. To this end, an eye-tracking experiment [...] Read more.
Blood donation heavily depends on voluntary involvement, but the problem of motivating and retaining potential blood donors remains. Understanding the personality traits of donors can assist in this case, bridging communication gaps and increasing participation and retention. To this end, an eye-tracking experiment was designed to examine the viewing behavior of 75 participants as they viewed various blood donation-related advertisements. The purpose of these stimuli was to elicit various types of emotions (positive/negative) and message framings (altruistic/egoistic) to investigate cognitive reactions that arise from donating blood using eye-tracking parameters such as the fixation duration, fixation count, saccade duration, and saccade amplitude. The results indicated significant differences among the eye-tracking metrics, suggesting that visual engagement varies considerably in response to different types of advertisements. The fixation duration also revealed substantial differences in emotions, logo types, and emotional arousal, suggesting that the nature of stimuli can affect how viewers disperse their attention. The saccade amplitude and saccade duration were also affected by the message framings, thus indicating their relevance to eye movement behavior. Generalised linear models (GLMs) showed significant influences of personality trait effects on eye-tracking metrics, including a negative association between honesty–humility and fixation duration and a positive link between openness and both the saccade duration and fixation count. These results indicate that personality traits can significantly impact visual attention processes. The present study broadens the current research frontier by employing machine learning techniques on the collected eye-tracking data to identify personality traits that can influence donation decisions and experiences. Participants’ eye movements were analysed to categorize their dominant personality traits using hierarchical clustering, while machine learning algorithms, including Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest, and k-Nearest Neighbours (KNN), were employed to predict personality traits. Among the models, SVM and KNN exhibited high accuracy (86.67%), while Random Forest scored considerably lower (66.67%). This investigation reveals that computational models can infer personality traits from eye movements, which shows great potential for psychological profiling and human–computer interaction. This study integrates psychology research and machine learning, paving the way for further studies on personality assessment by eye tracking. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning for HCI: Cases, Trends and Challenges)
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17 pages, 4056 KiB  
Article
Visual Analytics in Explaining Neural Networks with Neuron Clustering
by Gulsum Alicioglu and Bo Sun
AI 2024, 5(2), 465-481; https://doi.org/10.3390/ai5020023 - 5 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1706
Abstract
Deep learning (DL) models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many domains. The interpretation of their working mechanisms and decision-making process is essential because of their complex structure and black-box nature, especially for sensitive domains such as healthcare. Visual analytics (VA) combined with DL [...] Read more.
Deep learning (DL) models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many domains. The interpretation of their working mechanisms and decision-making process is essential because of their complex structure and black-box nature, especially for sensitive domains such as healthcare. Visual analytics (VA) combined with DL methods have been widely used to discover data insights, but they often encounter visual clutter (VC) issues. This study presents a compact neural network (NN) view design to reduce the visual clutter in explaining the DL model components for domain experts and end users. We utilized clustering algorithms to group hidden neurons based on their activation similarities. This design supports the overall and detailed view of the neuron clusters. We used a tabular healthcare dataset as a case study. The design for clustered results reduced visual clutter among neuron representations by 54% and connections by 88.7% and helped to observe similar neuron activations learned during the training process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Machine Learning for HCI: Cases, Trends and Challenges)
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