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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Antimicrobial Agents that Interfere with Bacterial and Fungal Biofilms
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Antimicrobial Agents that Interfere with Bacterial and Fungal Biofilms

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiofilm Strategies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 7429

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Teresa Fasciana

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Guest Editor
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
Interests: gram positive and negative microorganisms; multi drug resistance; H. pylori; natural components and their antibiofilm actions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Anna Giammanco

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
Interests: MDR; rapid method of diagnosis; H. pylori; L. pneumophila
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Paola Di Carlo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Promotion, Maternal-Childhood, Internal Medicine of Excellence G. D'Alessandro, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
Interests: HIV; tuberculosis; pediatric infectious disease; microbiota in surgery patients
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The spread of multi-resistant microorganisms represents a continuous growing problem in public health. In many industrialized countries, diseases caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are of particular importance for at-risk groups, such as the old, the young, and immunocompromised individuals.

However, these organisms have a high potential for biofilm production, which might explain their outstanding antibiotic resistance, survival properties, and increased virulence and it is known that conventional antibiotic medications are inadequate at eradicating these biofilm-mediated infections. This situation demands new strategies for biofilm-associated infections, and currently, researchers focus on the development of antibiofilm agents that are specific to biofilms, but are nontoxic, because it is believed that this prevents the development of drug resistance.

On the basis of this evidence, this Special Issue will publish papers focusing on natural products to eliminate the biofilm-forming microorganisms and provide concise information on existing confines and recent developments in the modification of different natural anti-biofilm agents to make them effective drug candidates for clinical exploitation.

Dr. Teresa Fasciana
Prof. Dr. Anna Giammanco
Dr. Paola Di Carlo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biofilm
  • natural agents
  • MDR
  • bacteria
  • fungi

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3265 KiB  
Article
Antibacterial and Anti-Biofilm Activity of Pyrones from a Pseudomonas mosselii Strain
by Xueling Liu, Yali Wang, Diana A. Zaleta-Pinet, Robert P. Borris and Benjamin R. Clark
Antibiotics 2022, 11(11), 1655; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111655 - 18 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2058
Abstract
The emergence of drug resistant microbes over recent decades represents one of the greatest threats to human health; the resilience of many of these organisms can be attributed to their ability to produce biofilms. Natural products have played a crucial role in drug [...] Read more.
The emergence of drug resistant microbes over recent decades represents one of the greatest threats to human health; the resilience of many of these organisms can be attributed to their ability to produce biofilms. Natural products have played a crucial role in drug discovery, with microbial natural products in particular proving a rich and diverse source of antimicrobial agents. During antimicrobial activity screening, the strain Pseudomonas mosselii P33 was found to inhibit the growth of multiple pathogens. Following chemical investigation of this strain, pseudopyronines A-C were isolated as the main active principles, with all three pseudopyronines showing outstanding activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The analogue pseudopyronine C, which has not been well-characterized previously, displayed sub-micromolar activity against S. aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, the inhibitory abilities of the pseudopyronines against the biofilms of S. aureus were further studied. The results indicated all three pseudopyronines could directly reduce the growth of biofilm in both adhesion stage and maturation stage, displaying significant activity at micromolar concentrations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Agents that Interfere with Bacterial and Fungal Biofilms)
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24 pages, 4470 KiB  
Article
The Antimicrobial Peptide AMP-17 Derived from Musca domestica Inhibits Biofilm Formation and Eradicates Mature Biofilm in Candida albicans
by Chaoqin Sun, Xinyu Zhao, Zhenglong Jiao, Jian Peng, Luoxiong Zhou, Longbing Yang, Mingjiao Huang, Chunren Tian and Guo Guo
Antibiotics 2022, 11(11), 1474; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11111474 - 25 Oct 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2227
Abstract
The biofilm formation of C. albicans represents a major virulence factor during candidiasis. Biofilm-mediated drug resistance has necessitated the search for a new antifungal treatment strategy. In our previous study, a novel antimicrobial peptide named AMP-17 derived from Musca domestica was confirmed to [...] Read more.
The biofilm formation of C. albicans represents a major virulence factor during candidiasis. Biofilm-mediated drug resistance has necessitated the search for a new antifungal treatment strategy. In our previous study, a novel antimicrobial peptide named AMP-17 derived from Musca domestica was confirmed to have significant antifungal activity and suppress hyphal growth greatly in C. albicans. In the current work, we aimed to investigate the antibiofilm property of AMP-17 in C. albicans and explore the underlying mechanism. An antifungal susceptibility assay showed that AMP-17 exerted a strong inhibitory efficacy on both biofilm formation and preformed biofilms in C. albicans. Furthermore, AMP-17 was found to block the yeast-to-hypha transition and inhibit the adhesion of biofilm cells with a reduction in cellular surface hydrophobicity. A morphological analysis revealed that AMP-17 indeed suppressed typical biofilm formation and damaged the structures of the preformed biofilm. The RNA-seq showed that the MAPK pathway, biosynthesis of antibiotics, and essential components of the cell were mainly enriched in the biofilm-forming stage, while the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), phenylamine metabolism, and propanoate metabolism were enriched after the biofilm matured. Moreover, the co-expressed DEGs in the two pairwise comparisons highlighted the terms of transmembrane transporter activity, regulation of filamentation, and biofilm formation as important roles in the antibiofilm effect of AMP-17. Additionally, qRT-PCR confirmed that the level of the genes involved in cell adhesion, filamentous growth, MAPK, biofilm matrix, and cell dispersal was correspondingly altered after AMP-17 treatment. Overall, our findings reveal the underlying antibiofilm mechanisms of AMPs in C. albicans, providing an interesting perspective for the development of effective antifungal agents with antibiofilm efficacy in Candida spp. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Agents that Interfere with Bacterial and Fungal Biofilms)
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13 pages, 3841 KiB  
Article
Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm Inhibiting Activity of Advanced Glycation Endproduct Crosslink Breaking and Glycation Inhibiting Compounds
by Kyle Haasbroek, Masayuki Yagi and Yoshikazu Yonei
Antibiotics 2022, 11(10), 1412; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11101412 - 14 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2656
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium that plays a role in the pathogenesis of skin lesions in diabetes mellitus, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis, all of which are associated with elevated non-enzymatic glycation biomarkers. The production of biofilm protects resident bacteria from host immune [...] Read more.
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium that plays a role in the pathogenesis of skin lesions in diabetes mellitus, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis, all of which are associated with elevated non-enzymatic glycation biomarkers. The production of biofilm protects resident bacteria from host immune defenses and antibiotic interventions, prolonging pathogen survival, and risking recurrence after treatment. Glycated proteins formed from keratin and glucose induce biofilm formation in S. aureus, promoting dysbiosis and increasing pathogenicity. In this study, several glycation-inhibiting and advanced glycation endproduct (AGE) crosslink-breaking compounds were assayed for their ability to inhibit glycated keratin-induced biofilm formation as preliminary screening for clinical testing candidates. Ascorbic acid, astaxanthin, clove extract, n-phenacylthiazolium bromide, and rosemary extract were examined in an in vitro static biofilm model with S. aureus strain ATCC 12600. Near complete biofilm inhibition was achieved with astaxanthin (ED50 = 0.060 mg/mL), clove extract (ED50 = 0.0087 mg/mL), n-phenacylthiazolium bromide (ED50 = 5.3 mg/mL), and rosemary extract (ED50 = 1.5 mg/mL). The dosage necessary for biofilm inhibition was not significantly correlated with growth inhibition (R2 = 0.055. p = 0.49). Anti-glycation and AGE breaking compounds with biofilm inhibitory activity are ideal candidates for treatment of S. aureus dysbiosis and skin infection that is associated with elevated skin glycation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antimicrobial Agents that Interfere with Bacterial and Fungal Biofilms)
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