Plant Polyphenols in Cancer Chemoprevention

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 January 2017) | Viewed by 10423

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada
Interests: dietary antioxidants; phytochemicals; polyphenols; flavonoids and their derivatives; chemoprevention; molecular mechanisms of action; DNA damage signaling and DNA repair; postbiotics of polyphenols
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carcinogenesis is a multistage process that involves a series of events comprising genetic and epigenetic changes leading to the initiation, promotion and progression of cancer. Chemoprevention is referred to as the use of nontoxic natural compounds, synthetic chemicals or their combinations to intervene in multistage carcinogenesis. Chemoprevention through diet modification, i.e., increased consumption of plant-based food, has emerged as a very promising and realistic approach to reduce the risk of cancer. Polyphenols are naturally occurring secondary metabolites that are ubiquitous in plant-based food such as fruits, vegetables, teas, as well as in most medicinal plants. Over 30,000 polyphenols have been characterized over the last few decades. Polyphenols comprise of several sub-classes including flavonoids (flavonols, flavan-3-ols, anthocyanins, flavonones, flavones, isoflavones and proanthocyanidins), lignans, xanthones, stilbenes, and curcuminoids. Identification of most efficacious plant polyphenols and understanding of the molecular basis of how polyphenols contribute to the chemoprevention including protection against DNA damage caused by various carcinogenic factors is important in developing effective cancer chemopreventive strategies.

This Special Issue will publish both reviews and original research papers on the role of plant polyphenols in cancer chemoprevention. The molecular mechanisms associated with polyphenols as cancer prevention agents, as well as anti-cancer therapeutic effects of polyphenols will also be included.

Prof. H.P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Polyphenols
  • Flavonoids
  • Cancer
  • Antioxidants
  • Chemoprevention
  • Cytoprotection
  • Carcinogenesis
  • Detoxification of procarcinogens
  • Oxidative DNA damage
  • DNA damage signaling
  • DNA repair
  • Cell cycle checkpoint arrest
  • Apoptosis
  • Mechanisms of action
  • Structure-function relationship

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

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Review
Green Tea Catechins for Prostate Cancer Prevention: Present Achievements and Future Challenges
by Valeria Naponelli, Ileana Ramazzina, Chiara Lenzi, Saverio Bettuzzi and Federica Rizzi
Antioxidants 2017, 6(2), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox6020026 - 5 Apr 2017
Cited by 38 | Viewed by 9765
Abstract
Green tea catechins (GTCs) are a family of chemically related compounds usually classified as antioxidant molecules. Epidemiological evidences, supported by interventional studies, highlighted a more than promising role for GTCs in human prostate cancer (PCa) chemoprevention. In the last decades, many efforts have [...] Read more.
Green tea catechins (GTCs) are a family of chemically related compounds usually classified as antioxidant molecules. Epidemiological evidences, supported by interventional studies, highlighted a more than promising role for GTCs in human prostate cancer (PCa) chemoprevention. In the last decades, many efforts have been made to gain new insights into the mechanism of action of GTCs. Now it is clear that GTCs’ anticancer action can no longer be simplistically limited to their direct antioxidant/pro-oxidant properties. Recent contributions to the advancement of knowledge in this field have shown that GTCs specifically interact with cellular targets, including cell surface receptors, lipid rafts, and endoplasmic reticulum, modulate gene expression through direct effect on transcription factors or indirect epigenetic mechanisms, and interfere with intracellular proteostasis at various levels. Many of the effects observed in vitro are dose and cell context dependent and take place at concentrations that cannot be achieved in vivo. Poor intestinal absorption together with an extensive systemic and enteric metabolism influence GTCs’ bioavailability through still poorly understood mechanisms. Recent efforts to develop delivery systems that increase GTCs’ overall bioavailability, by means of biopolymeric nanoparticles, represent the main way to translate preclinical results in a real clinical scenario for PCa chemoprevention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Plant Polyphenols in Cancer Chemoprevention)
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