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Applications of Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine: The Rising Path of Bioceramics in the Nano-Era

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanotechnology and Applied Nanosciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2021) | Viewed by 6405

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alessio Adamiano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramic Materials (ISSMC), National Research Council (CNR), 48018 Faenza, Italy
Interests: environmental sciences; nanotecnology; calcium phosphates; nanomedicine; nanofertilziers; nanotechnology-mediated environmental remediation; nanocosmetics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

When talking about medicine, ceramic materials are often associated with materials used for bone and dental substitution, and are typically referred to as “bioceramics”. In the last 20 years, the increasing number of papers on the use of ceramics for advanced medicine applications have demonstrated the limits of such a vision. The use of nanosized or nanostructured bioceramics in nanomedicine, where they were successfully applied to regenerative medicine, drug delivery, cancer therapy, and diagnostic has played a considerable role in this respect. This has led to the development of sophisticated bioceramic nanoparticles with wide morphology and composition, often in the form of composites, displaying multifunctional abilities. With this Special Issue, we want to provide a selection of original research articles, reviews, and perspectives reporting the latest advancements in the design of bioceramic nanoparticles and nanocomposites and their applications in nanomedicine.

Dr. Alessio Adamiano
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • New composition/ion substituted bioceramics
  • Nanocomposites
  • bio-inspired nanoparticles
  • multifunctional nanomaterials
  • drug delivery
  • bioresorbable materials
  • calcium phosphates nanoparticle
  • bioglass nanoparticles

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4608 KiB  
Article
Nanostructured Strontium-Doped Calcium Phosphate Cements: A Multifactorial Design
by Massimiliano Dapporto, Davide Gardini, Anna Tampieri and Simone Sprio
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(5), 2075; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11052075 - 26 Feb 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2267
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been extensively studied in last decades as nanostructured biomaterials for the regeneration of bone defects, both for dental and orthopedic applications. However, the precise control of their handling properties (setting time, viscosity, and injectability) still represents a remarkable [...] Read more.
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been extensively studied in last decades as nanostructured biomaterials for the regeneration of bone defects, both for dental and orthopedic applications. However, the precise control of their handling properties (setting time, viscosity, and injectability) still represents a remarkable challenge because a complicated adjustment of multiple correlated processing parameters is requested, including powder particle size and the chemical composition of solid and liquid components. This study proposes, for the first time, a multifactorial investigation about the effects of powder and liquid variation on the final performance of Sr-doped apatitic CPCs, based on the Design of Experiment approach. In addition, the effects of two mixing techniques, hand spatula (low-energy) and planetary shear mixing (high-energy), on viscosity and extrusion force were compared. This work aims to shed light on the various steps involved in the processing of CPCs, thus enabling a more precise and tailored design of the device, based on the clinical need. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine: The Rising Path of Bioceramics in the Nano-Era)
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23 pages, 5639 KiB  
Article
Blowup of Accidental Images as a Passageway to Discovery: Insights into the Interaction between Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles and Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
by Vuk Uskoković
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(22), 8204; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10228204 - 19 Nov 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2502
Abstract
Despite decades of research into the interaction between cells and nanoparticles, there is a lack of consensus regarding how specific physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, including chemical composition, crystallinity, size, morphology, charge, and aspect ratio, among others, govern their internalization and intracellular fate. [...] Read more.
Despite decades of research into the interaction between cells and nanoparticles, there is a lack of consensus regarding how specific physicochemical characteristics of the nanoparticles, including chemical composition, crystallinity, size, morphology, charge, and aspect ratio, among others, govern their internalization and intracellular fate. Methodological novelties offer new perspectives on the same old problematics, and often translate into an improved understanding of the given topic. Inspired by an analogy with the theme of the movie, Lisbon Story, a conceptually unconventional method for gaining insight into the interaction between nanoparticles and cells is proposed here. It involves the random, “Take 1” capture of an atomic force micrograph showing the interaction of human mesenchymal stem cells and clusters of spherical hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with a broad distribution of sizes and shapes, the blowup of its segments, and their detailed qualitative inspection. This method led to the derivation of three illustrative hypotheses, some of which were refuted and some corroborated. Specifically, the presupposition that there is an inverse relationship between the cellular uptake efficiency and the size of nanoparticle clusters was confirmed, both empirically and through a literature meta-analysis, but the idea that the geometry of these clusters affects the uptake was refuted. The definite presence of morphological determinants of the cellular uptake at the level of elementary particles, not clusters thereof, however, was confirmed in an alternative experiment. Likewise, immunofluorescent studies demonstrated that relatively large and irregularly shaped nanoparticle clusters do get internalized and localized to the perinuclear area, where they engage in an intimate interaction with the cell nucleus. The proposed enhancement of the binding between cells and biomaterials by increasing the surface ruffling consequential to the nanoparticle uptake - in analogy with the enhanced cell adhesion achieved by introducing topographic irregularities to smooth biomaterial surfaces - was also confirmed by showing that the uptake improves the stem cell adhesion. The uptake also augmented the stem cell viability and the proliferative capacity of cells reseeded with this internal nanoparticle cargo on a fresh surface, albeit with moderate levels of statistical significance and the caveat of its presumed dependence on the cell type, the nanoparticle chemistry and dose, and the overall stage in the transition of the multipotent cells toward an osteoprogenitor lineage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Applications of Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine: The Rising Path of Bioceramics in the Nano-Era)
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