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Applied Sciences
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Numerical Modeling of Electromagnetic and Ultrasonic Waves for Nondestructive Evaluation
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Numerical Modeling of Electromagnetic and Ultrasonic Waves for Nondestructive Evaluation

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Acoustics and Vibrations".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 9268

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sunil Kishore Chakrapani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Interests: ultrasonic NDE; wave propagation; finite element
Dr. Yiming Deng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
Interests: electromagnetic NDE; sensors and sensing systems; uncertainty quantification

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to the numerical modeling of NDE problems, specifically focusing on electromagnetic and ultrasonic methods. We are seeking articles which use numerical modeling to aid the inspection of complex geometries, multimaterial structures, and other challenging inspection problems. Of special interest are the following topics:

  1. Numerical methods including finite element, boundary element, finite difference etc.
  2. Sensor modeling.
  3. GPU-accelerated numerical simulation of large problems.
  4. Numerical methods for SHM.
  5. Numerical electromagnetic inspection methodologies including eddy current testing, magnetic flux leakage, magnetic Barkhausen testing, and ground-penetrating radar.
  6. Numerical ultrasonic inspection methodologies including conventional bulk waves, TOFD, guided waves, surface waves, and novel methodologies.

Dr. Sunil Kishore Chakrapani
Dr. Yiming Deng
Guest Editors

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Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4824 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Dispersion Curves for LAMB Waves Using Analytical Solutions and Semi-Analytical Methods
by Carlos A. Galán-Pinilla, Jabid E-Quiroga, Dario Y. Peña-Ballesteros, César A. Acosta-Minoli and Octavio Andrés González-Estrada
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1706; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031706 - 29 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3057
Abstract
Lamb wave dispersion curves are useful for optimizing the inspection scanning distance that can be covered with good sensitivity in many current applications. However, one of the main problems concerning this calculation lies in selecting a numerical method that is computationally accurate and [...] Read more.
Lamb wave dispersion curves are useful for optimizing the inspection scanning distance that can be covered with good sensitivity in many current applications. However, one of the main problems concerning this calculation lies in selecting a numerical method that is computationally accurate and efficient. In this paper, Lamb waves dispersion curves are generated by the Scaled Boundary Finite Element Method, and by the Rayleigh–Lamb equation. For the semi-analytical case, waveguide cross-section discretization was performed using isoparametric elements and high-order spectral elements. The semi-analytical formulations lead to an eigenvalue problem that can be solved efficiently by calculating the couples of wavenumbers and frequencies that guarantee the wave mode propagation, the basis for generating the dispersion curves. These are compared with those obtained from the analytical solution for the symmetric and antisymmetric modes; in both cases, homogeneous plates of constant thickness are considered. The numerical results show good agreement when using a low number of isoparametric elements, or a single spectral element with shape functions of the order of six for computing the dispersion curves and wave structure. The calculation is given with low computational effort, and the relative variation with respect to the analytical reference values is less than 2%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Modeling of Electromagnetic and Ultrasonic Waves for Nondestructive Evaluation)
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19 pages, 7185 KiB  
Article
Multi-Layered and Homogenized Models for In-Plane Guided Wave Excitation, Sensing, and Scattering in Anisotropic Laminated Composites
by Artem A. Eremin, Mikhail V. Golub, Sergey I. Fomenko, Alexander A. Evdokimov and Polina A. Nets
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(3), 1698; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031698 - 29 Jan 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1732
Abstract
The numerical evaluation of elastic guided wave (EGW) phenomena is an important stage in the development and configuration of ultrasonic-based non-destructive testing/structural health monitoring (NDT/SHM) systems. To reduce the computational costs, which are typical for EGW simulations in laminated composite structures, and to [...] Read more.
The numerical evaluation of elastic guided wave (EGW) phenomena is an important stage in the development and configuration of ultrasonic-based non-destructive testing/structural health monitoring (NDT/SHM) systems. To reduce the computational costs, which are typical for EGW simulations in laminated composite structures, and to make the corresponding parametric analysis possible, the latter could be treated by employing an effective single-layer model with homogenized anisotropic material properties. The present study investigates the applicability of such an approach to simulate EGW excitation, propagation, scattering, and sensing in laminate composite structures, which are among the typical problems for ultrasonic-based NDT/SHM. To this end, two homogenized models have been implemented: the well-known static long-wave homogenization approach and the advanced Lamb wave homogenization method, where the effect of angular and frequency dispersion of EGWs is taken into account. To illustrate their performance, in-plane elastic guided wave excitation and sensing with surface-mounted piezoelectric transducers as well as wave scattering by a T-shaped stringer in cross-ply symmetric anisotropic laminates are examined by employing a recently developed semi-analytical hybrid approach. The limits of the applicability of both homogenized models are demonstrated and discussed via the comparison with the multi-layered model. The general conclusion from the obtained results is that only a qualitative, although computationally efficient, description of the EGW phenomena in the considered composites can be achieved using single-layer models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Modeling of Electromagnetic and Ultrasonic Waves for Nondestructive Evaluation)
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14 pages, 20888 KiB  
Article
Waveguide Structure Design and Simulation for High-Temperature Corrosion Thickness Detection
by Yan Li, Xi Luo, Ruihao Liu, Ze Yun and Jixiang Zhang
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(24), 12960; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122412960 - 16 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1555
Abstract
Equipment corrosion often happens in the petrochemical industry, especially when high temperature materials are transported. The corrosion phenomenon should be monitored as a leak may occur due to corrosion and even cause fires and explosions. However, ordinary ultrasonic testing is not suitable for [...] Read more.
Equipment corrosion often happens in the petrochemical industry, especially when high temperature materials are transported. The corrosion phenomenon should be monitored as a leak may occur due to corrosion and even cause fires and explosions. However, ordinary ultrasonic testing is not suitable for high temperature conditions because the probe may break. A waveguide structure was designed to economically detect corrosion thickness even at a high temperature 500 deg C and avoid the failure of the ultrasonic probe. Based on the heat transfer simulation, a waveguide rod was determined with optimized material, length, width and thickness, and the experiment validated the calculated result. Then, ultrasonic propagation through the designed waveguide rod and specimen was simulated. Propagation, reflection, attenuation and dissipation of the ultrasonic wave within the combined structure were displayed. A clear ultrasound signal was found near the center, while signal attenuation and dispersion occurred as it is gradually far away from the center. With the waveguide structure, an ultrasonic-guided wave testing device was developed to measure the thickness at high temperatures. Measurement error increases with temperature if the wave velocity is regarded as a constant. A temperature-dependent method was applied to achieve high precision detection at high temperatures. The research has good application potential for the corrosion detection of high-temperature equipment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Modeling of Electromagnetic and Ultrasonic Waves for Nondestructive Evaluation)
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11 pages, 2540 KiB  
Article
A Fast Finite Element Simulation Method of Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing and Its Application in Sleeve Fillet Weld Inspection
by Yuxuan Wu, Cuixiang Pei, Hongbo Zhang, Yan Liu and Pengjun Jia
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(11), 5384; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12115384 - 26 May 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2364
Abstract
Numerical simulation can provide quantitative information on ultrasonic beam propagation and plays an important role in analyzing its detection ability and in optimizing the corresponding parameters of the phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT). In this paper, a fast finite element simulation method of [...] Read more.
Numerical simulation can provide quantitative information on ultrasonic beam propagation and plays an important role in analyzing its detection ability and in optimizing the corresponding parameters of the phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT). In this paper, a fast finite element simulation method of PAUT is developed using an improved explicit integration algorithm and a non-zero element compressed storage method. The new method is applied for the simulation of PAUT of a type-B sleeve weld, and compared with the commercial finite element software and experiment results. We found that the computation time and memory consumption of the new method is only about a 15th and a 40th of the commercial finite element software, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Numerical Modeling of Electromagnetic and Ultrasonic Waves for Nondestructive Evaluation)
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