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Applied Sciences
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Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics
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Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Biosciences and Bioengineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2020) | Viewed by 16319

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Violet Ibyola Haraszthy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
Interests: esthetic dentistry; fixed prosthodontics; implant dentistry; operative dentistry; oral biology; periodontics; prosthodontics; removable prosthodontics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Implants have been used in dentistry with much success in the last three decades. Optimal bone remodeling, repair, and healing in the early stages of osseointegration are essential for the ultimate success of these devices. Many factors that affect bone healing may affect osseointegration, and, thus, may contribute to implant failure. In this modern era of advanced implantology, more medically compromised patients are seeking dental implant rehabilitation. With the population becoming increasingly older worldwide, the general dentist will be confronted with patients who have complex medical and social histories, who desire tooth replacement therapy. Their success depends on osseointegration, the direct functional and structural interlocking of the implant and bone. Thus, the chronic use of systemic medications that can interfere with bone turnover and healing may affect osseointegration, resulting in premature implant loss. Several drugs have been shown to impede bone healing. Some studies clearly show direct effects on osseointegration and thus implant success, therefore, clinicians have to be aware of these medications. Also, systemic conditions and habits influence dental implant survival. Illnesses that impair the normal healing cascade worsen surgical success. The mere presence of a disease, however, does not necessarily preclude implant therapy or significantly affect long-term outcomes. Certain disorders, when controlled, or other situations allow for implant survival rates that match those in health.

The main focus of this Special Issue is on the latest advances made in identifying medical conditions and systemic medications as risk factors for dental implant rehabilitation, and to review and analyze the reported effects of systemic medications on osseointegration.

Prof. Dr. Violet Haraszthy
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Dental implant contra indication
  • Mechanical conditions affecting bone turnover
  • Risk factors for dental implants
  • Systemic medications affecting dental implants
  • Systemic conditions as contra indication for dental implants
  • Implant survival rate

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 6040 KiB  
Communication
Auricular Osseointegrated Implant Treatment: Basic Technique and Application of Computer Technology
by Hiromasa Kawana, Shin Usuda, Seiji Asoda, Tsuyoshi Kaneko, Kaoru Ogawa, Tomoki Itamiya, Kei Fuchigami, Koudai Nagata, Ryoji Kitami, Katsuhiko Kimoto and Michael Truppe
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(14), 4922; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10144922 - 17 Jul 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3181
Abstract
An epithesis using osseointegrated implants as an anchorage has been proven and established as an effective means for maxillofacial rehabilitation. In this paper, we describe the basic techniques of auricular epithesis and the applications of computer technology to its execution, ranging from diagnosis [...] Read more.
An epithesis using osseointegrated implants as an anchorage has been proven and established as an effective means for maxillofacial rehabilitation. In this paper, we describe the basic techniques of auricular epithesis and the applications of computer technology to its execution, ranging from diagnosis to surgery, and superstructure fabrication to maintenance. The key steps of this treatment are conducting Computed Tomography (CT ) diagnosis before the operation to avoid implant penetration through the skull during the operation, embedding two implants into the section that represents the antihelix, and if possible, preserving or forming the tragus so that the edge of the epithesis is not close to the temporomandibular joint region to ensure mandibular movements are not restricted. We also discuss the applications of navigation surgery, which we are currently investigating, as well as the future prospect of augmented reality and mixed reality surgeries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics)
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14 pages, 4458 KiB  
Article
Influence of Milling Tool and Prosthetic Materials on Roughness of the Dental CAD CAM Prostheses in End Milling Mode
by Nicolas Lebon, Laurent Tapie and Elsa Vennat
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(7), 2238; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10072238 - 25 Mar 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3276
Abstract
Dental prostheses are machined by computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) tools. The integrity of the surface obtained, which must be suitable to meet expected clinical requirements is influenced by the milling parameters programmed. The integrity of the occlusal prosthesis surface obtained by the [...] Read more.
Dental prostheses are machined by computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) tools. The integrity of the surface obtained, which must be suitable to meet expected clinical requirements is influenced by the milling parameters programmed. The integrity of the occlusal prosthesis surface obtained by the end milling mode, that is milling with a diamond rotary cutting tip, plays a major role in the clinical requirements desired. This study aims to investigate the impact of the tool-biomaterial couple in the CAD/CAM end milling mode on surface integrity (through roughness). Two CAD/CAM tools and four CAD/CAM biomaterials, both combined to four feed rates are tested. The surface roughness (Ra, Rt, Rz, Sa, Sq, and Sz) is observed for each couple. Finally, pairwise comparisons (Kruskal-Wallis test) of tool-biomaterial couples are performed. The results indicate that all the machined surfaces reveal isotropic surface topology. The roughness depends on the hardness of the biomaterial and not on the feed rate. The statistical tests reveal a significant difference in roughness depending on the tool used. To conclude, when milling the functional occlusal shape, biomaterial hardness and the tool used are key factors for achieving a given roughness consistent with clinical requirements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics)
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13 pages, 593 KiB  
Article
RETRACTED: Osteosynthesis Plate Removal: Patient Benefits and Burdens
by Oliver Bissinger, Luisa Biermann, Andreas Kolk, Klaus-Dietrich Wolff and Carolin Götz
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(5), 1810; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10051810 - 6 Mar 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4212 | Retraction
Abstract
Maxillofacial fractures are lege artis treated via open reduction and internal fixation in cases of dislocation of the fracture. Plate removal is indicated for various reasons. Whereas symptomatic plate removals are justified, elective removals are questionable. This retrospective monocenter study examined the individual [...] Read more.
Maxillofacial fractures are lege artis treated via open reduction and internal fixation in cases of dislocation of the fracture. Plate removal is indicated for various reasons. Whereas symptomatic plate removals are justified, elective removals are questionable. This retrospective monocenter study examined the individual benefit of plate removal from the patient’s point of view and involved 233 patients undergoing plate removal. The data of 233 patients undergoing plate removal were first collected, and then, an individual follow-up questionnaire was created that assessed the personal reasons of patients requesting removal and addressed whether the patient gained any benefit from removal surgery. A total of 43 patients agreed to complete the survey. The complication rate was lower after plate removal (13.3%) than after osteosynthesis (31.8%). The most common indication for removal was surgeon recommendation (51.9%), followed by ongoing symptoms (31.3%) and request by the patient (16.7%). Significantly, more patients underwent symptomatic plate removal after mandibular fractures (46.8%, n = 37, p = 0.001) than fractures elsewhere. According to the survey, 86% (n = 37) of the patients benefitted from plate removal. Although elective plate removal is nowadays controversial, our data provide evidence for a high level of patient satisfaction after removal surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics)

Review

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23 pages, 1197 KiB  
Review
An Integrated Overview of Ultraviolet Technology for Reversing Titanium Dental Implant Degradation: Mechanism of Reaction and Effectivity
by Masfueh Razali, Wei Cheong Ngeow, Ros Anita Omar and Wen Lin Chai
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(5), 1654; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10051654 - 1 Mar 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4795
Abstract
Titanium is widely used as an implanted material in various clinical applications, especially in orthopedics and dental implantology. Following manufacturing and storage, titanium dental implants have the ability to undergo aging, which renders a reduction in osteoblast cellular activity during the healing process, [...] Read more.
Titanium is widely used as an implanted material in various clinical applications, especially in orthopedics and dental implantology. Following manufacturing and storage, titanium dental implants have the ability to undergo aging, which renders a reduction in osteoblast cellular activity during the healing process, so advancement of a surface treatment to recreate bioactive implant surfaces are required. Ultra-violet (UV) surface treatment has been introduced as a potential solution to reverse the aging process via removal of hydrocarbon contamination on the surface. This narrative review aimed to discuss the current understanding of the mechanism of titanium aging and provide insights into the mechanism that improves the biocompatibility of titanium implants following UV treatment. Additionally, the findings from preclinical and clinical studies is integratively presented. A reference search was performed through the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases based on the keywords titanium degradation, titanium aging, photofunctionalization, and UV treatment. Emerging data demonstrated the positive effect of UV light on osteoblast cells with enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity in vitro and increased bone-implant contact in animal studies. Despite limited human studies, the data reported here appear to support the benefit of UV light photofunctionalization on titanium surfaces as an alternative to reverse the titanium aging process. The direction of future research should focus on prospective randomized blinded clinical trials. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics)
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