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Applied Sciences
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Optical Imaging and Sensing: From Design to Its Practical Use
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Optical Imaging and Sensing: From Design to Its Practical Use

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Optics and Lasers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 April 2025 | Viewed by 3046

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Junwei Min

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China
Interests: interferometry; 3D imaging; microscopy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Various sensors and new imaging technologies are driving information technology advancements. This poses new challenges to the advancement of optical sensing and imaging and software solutions. Therefore, this Special Issue intends to present new ideas and experimental results in the field of high-performance optical sensing and imaging, from design to practical use.

Research on high-performance optical sensing and imaging includes, but is not limited to, ultra-violet, visible and infrared sensing and imaging, machine vision, automatic target detection, image processing and analysis, 3D imaging, artificial intelligence and computational imaging, frontier issues in optical imaging and sensing, and other related technologies.

Dr. Junwei Min
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • optical sensing
  • 3D imaging
  • super-resolution
  • computational imaging
  • optical neural networks
  • detectors and instrumentation
  • image processing and analysis

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 3450 KiB  
Article
Adaptive Truncation Threshold Determination for Multimode Fiber Single-Pixel Imaging
by Yangyang Xiang, Junhui Li, Mingying Lan, Le Yang, Xingzhuo Hu, Jianxin Ma and Li Gao
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(16), 6875; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14166875 - 6 Aug 2024
Viewed by 687
Abstract
Truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) is a popular recovery algorithm for multimode fiber single-pixel imaging (MMF-SPI), and it uses truncation thresholds to suppress noise influences. However, due to the sensitivity of MMF relative to stochastic disturbances, the threshold requires frequent re-determination as noise [...] Read more.
Truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) is a popular recovery algorithm for multimode fiber single-pixel imaging (MMF-SPI), and it uses truncation thresholds to suppress noise influences. However, due to the sensitivity of MMF relative to stochastic disturbances, the threshold requires frequent re-determination as noise levels dynamically fluctuate. In response, we design an adaptive truncation threshold determination (ATTD) method for TSVD-based MMF-SPI in disturbed environments. Simulations and experiments reveal that ATTD approaches the performance of ideal clairvoyant benchmarks, and it corresponds to the best possible image recovery under certain noise levels and surpasses both traditional truncation threshold determination methods with less computation—fixed threshold and Stein’s unbiased risk estimator (SURE)—specifically under high noise levels. Moreover, target insensitivity is demonstrated via numerical simulations, and the robustness of the self-contained parameters is explored. Finally, we also compare and discuss the performance of TSVD-based MMF-SPI, which uses ATTD, and machine learning-based MMF-SPI, which uses diffusion models, to provide a comprehensive understanding of ATTD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Imaging and Sensing: From Design to Its Practical Use)
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15 pages, 4130 KiB  
Article
Improved Design of Imaging System for Online Detection of Large-Sized Step-Shaft Runout Errors
by Yanan Zhao, Jie Duan, Hongtao Zhang, Jiyu Li and Yuting Liu
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(9), 3614; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14093614 - 24 Apr 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 758
Abstract
Large-sized step shafts are important devices for supporting and transferring heavy parts, and online inspection equipment for runout errors is affected by the environment and is subject to coaxiality errors and center-position errors, leading to problems such as reduced measurement accuracy in imaging [...] Read more.
Large-sized step shafts are important devices for supporting and transferring heavy parts, and online inspection equipment for runout errors is affected by the environment and is subject to coaxiality errors and center-position errors, leading to problems such as reduced measurement accuracy in imaging systems. In view of the above problems, this paper proposes an improved optical imaging system design for runout error detection based on the plane-mirror-group correction method. Zemax was used to optimize the structure and simulate the optical path of the optical imaging system. The total length of the structure was 50 mm, and the MTF function for each field of view was greater than 0.3 at the spatial level up to a frequency of 42 lp/mm. The system was applied to a test platform for runout error detection, achieving the detection of runout errors of a large size in the radial direction and at the end face with a diameter range of 500–700 mm. The measurement repeatability was less than 30 μm, and the system corrected the coaxiality error of the stepped-shaft online inspection equipment considered in this paper. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Imaging and Sensing: From Design to Its Practical Use)
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23 pages, 11104 KiB  
Article
Research on the Processing of Image and Spectral Information in an Infrared Polarization Snapshot Spectral Imaging System
by Bo Shen, Jinguang Lv, Jingqiu Liang, Baixuan Zhao, Yupeng Chen, Kaifeng Zheng, Yingze Zhao, Yuxin Qin, Weibiao Wang and Guohao Liu
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(7), 2714; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14072714 - 24 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1111
Abstract
In order to solve the problems of a low target recognition rate and poor real-time performance brought about by conventional infrared imaging spectral detection technology under complex background conditions or in the detection of targets of weak radiation or long distance, a kind [...] Read more.
In order to solve the problems of a low target recognition rate and poor real-time performance brought about by conventional infrared imaging spectral detection technology under complex background conditions or in the detection of targets of weak radiation or long distance, a kind of infrared polarization snapshot spectral imaging system (PSIFTIS) and a spectrum information processing method based on micro-optical devices are proposed in this paper, where the synchronous acquisition of polarization spectrum information is realized through the spatial modulation of phase with a rooftop-shaped multi-stage micro-mirror and the modulation of the polarization state of light with a micro-nanowire array. For the polarization interference image information obtained, the infrared polarization spectrum decoupling is realized by image segmentation, optical path difference matching, and image registration methods, the infrared polarization spectrum reconstruction is realized by Fourier transform spectral demodulation, and the infrared polarization image fusion is realized by decomposing and reconstructing the high- and low-frequency components of the polarization image based on the Haar wavelet transform. The maximum spectral peak wavenumber error of the four polarization channels of the polarization spectrum reconstruction is less than 2 cm−1, and the polarization angle error is within 1°. Ultimately, compared with the unprocessed polarization image unit, the peak signal-to-noise ratio is improved by 45.67%, the average gradient is improved by 8.03%, and the information entropy is improved by 56.98%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Imaging and Sensing: From Design to Its Practical Use)
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