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Dental Composites and Adhesives in Dentistry
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Dental Composites and Adhesives in Dentistry

A topical collection in Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This collection belongs to the section "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences".

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Editors

Prof. Dr. Gianrico Spagnuolo

E-Mail Website
Collection Editor
Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
Interests: oral medicine; dental materials; operative dentistry; oral health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Eunice Carrilho

E-Mail Website
Collection Editor
Institute of Integrated Clinical Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
Interests: adhesives; cytotoxicity and biocompatibility; dentistry biomaterials; composites
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Topical Collection Information

Dear Colleagues,

Dental materials play a fundamental role in modern dental practice. Dental composites and adhesives are among the most used materials, fundamental in several dental procedures, from restorative and esthetic dentistry to orthodontics or prosthodontics. The minimally invasive and adhesive dentistry concepts reinforced the importance of these materials for dental practice. The materials’ properties and the use of adequate clinical application protocols are directly linked to the treatments’ clinical success and longevity.

Due to their widespread use and relevance to dental practice, research in dental composites and adhesives is a vibrant field, aiming to develop new materials with improved physical and chemical properties, capable of inducing beneficial biological responses and improving the success and durability of the treatments. At the same time, research focuses on simplifying the clinical procedures to reduce the treatment time and potential errors in clinical protocols.

This topical collection aims to provide the most innovative research on dental composites and adhesives, from the laboratory to the clinic. Original research articles using diverse experimental models and reviews are welcome. Systematic reviews on the topic are particularly encouraged. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: the development and evaluation of dental composites and adhesives, clinical applications and treatments' success and behaviour in the oral cavity, new strategies to improve adhesives interfaces, materials degradation, materials with antibacterial properties, materials with bioactive behaviour, auto-adhesive materials, new techniques to evaluate and characterize dental materials, the evaluation of adhesion to different subtracts both biological (dentine and enamel) or synthetic (ceramics, composites, endodontic filling materials, calcium silicate cements…), toxicity and biocompatibility evaluation of materials, and evidence-based synthesis of these materials’ characteristics and behaviour.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Gianrico Spagnuolo
Prof. Dr. Eunice Carrilho
Collection Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the collection website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dental composites
  • fiber-reinforced composites
  • nanocomposites and nanoparticles
  • bulk-fill composites
  • dental adhesives
  • adhesive interfaces
  • bond strength
  • mechanical properties
  • restorative and esthetic dentistry
  • minimally invasive dentistry
  • adhesive dentistry
  • orthodontics
  • prosthodontics
  • cytotoxicity and biocompatibility
  • antibacterial
  • clinical applications
  • ceramics
  • biomaterials
  • bioactivity
  • auto-adhesive materials

Published Papers (6 papers)

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2024

Jump to: 2023, 2022

24 pages, 14186 KiB  
Article
Comparative Study of Surface Modification Techniques for Enhancing Biocompatibility of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy in Dental Implants
by Vincent K. S. Hsiao, Ming-Hao Shih, Hsi-Chin Wu and Tair-I Wu
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(23), 10904; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142310904 - 25 Nov 2024
Viewed by 351
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of various surface modification techniques on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy for biomedical applications. Mechanical treatments (sandblasting, shot peening) and electrochemical corrosion using different electrolytes were employed to modify surface characteristics. Surface morphology, roughness, hardness, and chemical composition were analyzed [...] Read more.
This study investigates the effects of various surface modification techniques on the Ti-6Al-4V alloy for biomedical applications. Mechanical treatments (sandblasting, shot peening) and electrochemical corrosion using different electrolytes were employed to modify surface characteristics. Surface morphology, roughness, hardness, and chemical composition were analyzed using SEM, profilometry, and Raman spectroscopy. Cell attachment studies revealed that combined treatments, particularly shot peening followed by HF/HNO3 etching, significantly enhanced cell adhesion and distribution. The results demonstrate the potential for tailoring Ti-6Al-4V surfaces to optimize biocompatibility and osseointegration properties for dental and orthopedic implants. Full article
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11 pages, 1815 KiB  
Article
Exploring Dentists’ Preferences in Selecting Adhesive Systems: A Survey Analysis
by Iustin Olariu, Diana Marian, Ioana Veja (Ilyes), Razvan Flueras, Ramona Amina Popovici, Dana Emanuela Pitic (Cot), Horia Ademir Stana, Luminita Ligia Vaida and Ioana Elena Lile
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(22), 10119; https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210119 - 5 Nov 2024
Viewed by 547
Abstract
Dental adhesives play a crucial role in modern dentistry by enabling the bonding of diverse restorative materials to tooth surfaces. These systems have evolved through seven generations, each characterized by unique chemical compositions and application techniques. The advancements in dental adhesives have significantly [...] Read more.
Dental adhesives play a crucial role in modern dentistry by enabling the bonding of diverse restorative materials to tooth surfaces. These systems have evolved through seven generations, each characterized by unique chemical compositions and application techniques. The advancements in dental adhesives have significantly impacted restorative dentistry by preserving tooth structure, enhancing aesthetics, and ultimately improving patient outcomes and treatment options. The choice of adhesive system depends on various factors, including the clinical scenario, material compatibility, and dentist preference. Ongoing advancements in adhesive technology continue to enhance treatment outcomes and streamline procedures for dental practitioners. The development of universal adhesives capable of functioning in both etch-and-rinse and self-etch modes has further simplified clinical protocols. This study is an observational cross-sectional study conducted among Romanian dentists. A questionnaire was distributed via email to Romanian dentists, encompassing seven questions that explored the predominant use of etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesive systems, preferred adhesive types, and commonly encountered challenges in direct restorations. Statistical analyses were conducted using DATAtab version (2024). The study highlighted the varying preferences among Romanian dentists in selecting suitable adhesive agents. Etch-and-rinse (ER) techniques predominated in direct restorations, with universal adhesives being the most frequently used. Further investigation is warranted to delve into the preferences of Romanian dentists regarding the utilization of self-etch (SE), etch-and-rinse (ER), and universal adhesives (UAs). Full article
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51 pages, 9758 KiB  
Review
A Literature Review of Adhesive Systems in Dentistry: Key Components and Their Clinical Applications
by Rim Bourgi, Naji Kharouf, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez, Monika Lukomska-Szymanska, Youssef Haikel and Louis Hardan
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(18), 8111; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14188111 - 10 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3198
Abstract
The central aim of adhesive dentistry is to improve the compatibility between current adhesives and a range of substrates by employing diverse application techniques. Therefore, the overarching objective of this review is to offer a comprehensive analysis of dentin bonding systems, starting with [...] Read more.
The central aim of adhesive dentistry is to improve the compatibility between current adhesives and a range of substrates by employing diverse application techniques. Therefore, the overarching objective of this review is to offer a comprehensive analysis of dentin bonding systems, starting with an introduction to adhesion and a detailed overview of enamel and dentin structures, their histology, and the impact of dentin structure on resin–dentin bonding. It covers the mechanisms of resin–dentin bonding, including resin adhesive application, bonding mechanisms, and factors influencing efficacy. Further, this review explores the composition of resin adhesive systems, including acidic components, cross-linking monomers, solvents, and other critical elements. It also examines various adhesive strategies—etch-and-rinse, self-etch, and universal adhesives—highlighting their applications and advantages. The review extends to clinical applications of dental adhesion, including direct restorations, indirect restorations, and immediate dentin sealing (IDS), demonstrating the practical implications of adhesive systems in enhancing restoration longevity and performance. In conclusion, despite significant advancements, no gold-standard method for optimal adhesion exists. Each adhesive system has distinct strengths and limitations. The review emphasizes the importance of evaluating methods for achieving durable adhesion and staying current with technological advancements in adhesive systems. Summary: This review provides a thorough analysis of dentin bonding systems, delving into the structures and bonding mechanisms of both enamel and dentin. By exploring various adhesive systems and their components, it highlights the ongoing challenges in achieving optimal resin–dentin adhesion. The review also addresses the clinical applications of dental adhesion, including direct restorations, indirect restorations, and immediate dentin sealing (IDS), illustrating how different adhesive techniques impact clinical outcomes. It underscores the necessity for continuous innovation and assessment of adhesive systems to enhance long-term bonding effectiveness in clinical practice. Full article
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2023

Jump to: 2024, 2022

23 pages, 2751 KiB  
Article
The Investigation of the Effect of a-Tomatine as a Novel Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor on the Bond Strength of Sound and Eroded Dentine through In Vitro and In Silico Methods
by Musa Kazim Ucuncu, Ahmet Bugra Ortaakarsu, Sule Batu and Esra Yildiz
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(18), 10322; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810322 - 14 Sep 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1682
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of a-tomatine, a new matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor for dentistry, as a surface pretreatment on the bonding strength of different types of dentine via in vitro and in silico methods. The binding efficacy of both a-tomatine and [...] Read more.
This study aims to examine the effect of a-tomatine, a new matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor for dentistry, as a surface pretreatment on the bonding strength of different types of dentine via in vitro and in silico methods. The binding efficacy of both a-tomatine and chlorhexidine to MMP-2, 8, and 9 was evaluated through molecular docking and dynamics analyses. For microtensile testing (µTBS), specimens (n = 84) were categorized into two groups based on the type of dentin: sound (SD) and eroded (ED) (n = 42). Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to the utilization of surface pretreatment agents (1.5 µM of tomatine, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and the control). Composite buildups were gradually created via a three-step etch-and-rinse technique. The specimens were sectioned into sticks and subsequently subjected to µTBS after aging for either 24 h (n = 7) or 6 months (n = 7). The data were subjected to analysis using two-way ANOVA with a Bonferroni correction post hoc test. The significance level was evaluated at a minimum of p < 0.05. According to molecular docking and dynamic simulation analyses, a-tomatine exhibits a higher affinity for MMP-2, -8, and -9 enzymes compared to chlorhexidine. Lower µTBS values were observed in all ED groups compared to the SD groups. Following 24-h aging, the CHX application in both the SD and ED groups achieved lower µTBS values compared to the control group (p < 0.01 and p > 0.05, respectively). The most favorable results were consistently achieved across all the subgroups subjected to a-tomatine applications (p < 0.05). a-tomatine is a more effective MMP inhibitor than chlorhexidine in terms of preserving bond strength values over time and its capacity to bind to MMP-2,8, and 9 for inhibition. Full article
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11 pages, 921 KiB  
Article
Effect of a Desensitizing Agent on Shear Bond Strength of Ceramic Bracket on Previously Bleached Teeth
by Muhammad Haikal Mahardhika, Dyah Karunia, Pinandi Sri Pudyani and Ananto Ali Alhasyimi
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(14), 8351; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13148351 - 19 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1180
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the effect of desensitizing agents on the shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic brackets after in-office bleaching procedures. Twenty-seven extracted premolars were equally divided into three groups (n = 9). Group 1 served as the control; bleaching was [...] Read more.
This study aims to analyze the effect of desensitizing agents on the shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic brackets after in-office bleaching procedures. Twenty-seven extracted premolars were equally divided into three groups (n = 9). Group 1 served as the control; bleaching was performed with 37% hydrogen peroxide. In group 2, bleaching and the application of a fluoride-containing desensitizing agent (CPP-ACFP) were performed. In group 3, bleaching and the application of a non-fluoride-containing desensitizing agent (CPP-ACP) were performed. Ceramic brackets were bonded with composite resin. SBS was tested using a universal testing machine. The site of bonding failure was measured using the adhesive remnant index (ARI) score. There was a statistically significant difference in mean SBS values (p < 0.05). Group 1 showed the lowest SBS value (6.32 ± 4.83 MPa), which differed significantly with groups 2 and 3 (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between group 2 (15.36 ± 4.67 MPa) and group 3 (12.19 ± 6.81 MPa) (p > 0.05). The ARI score did not show a significant difference. The conclusion is that the application of fluoride-containing and non-fluoride desensitizing agents increases the shear bond strength of ceramic brackets on bleached teeth with composite resin cementation. The application of both desensitizing agents had no impact on the results of the ARI score, with the highest ARI score in each group being 4, indicating that less than 10% of the adhesive substance remains on the enamel. Full article
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2022

Jump to: 2024, 2023

10 pages, 2577 KiB  
Article
In Vitro Evaluation of the Strength of Dentin Replacement in Complex Posterior Tooth Restoration
by Nurhayaty Natsir, Farida Rahim, Juni Jekti Nugroho, Christine Anastasia Rovani, Syamsiah Syam, Muhammad Ruslin, Takashi Saito and Keng-Liang Ou
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(14), 6877; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12146877 - 7 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1947
Abstract
Due to the increasing interest in direct restoration, there is a need to address the shortcomings of these restorations, mainly by increasing the longevity of complex direct restorations. The present study aimed to evaluate the tensile strength differences in the complex restoration of [...] Read more.
Due to the increasing interest in direct restoration, there is a need to address the shortcomings of these restorations, mainly by increasing the longevity of complex direct restorations. The present study aimed to evaluate the tensile strength differences in the complex restoration of posterior teeth with dentin replacement constructed by fiber and non-fiber materials. The samples were extracted from the mandibular permanent-molar and prepared using a complex cavity. The cavity was subsequently restored with the centripetal incremental technique using a nano-fill composite and different base materials, namely fiber dentin replacement, non-fiber dentin replacement, and flowable composite. The universal testing machine was used to consider the tensile strength and the fracture patterns were assessed using stereomicroscopy, followed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examination. The data were statistically analyzed using the one-way ANOVA test. No significant differences were noted in the tensile strength of the three base materials. By using stereomicroscopy and SEM, the adhesive fracture patterns were observed more clearly in the cavities with fiber-based dentin replacement, whereas mixed fracture patterns were evident in cavities with non-fiber dentin replacement and flowable composite bases. The results indicated that the addition of fiber in dentin replacement did not affect the tensile strength in the complex restoration. Therefore, dentin replacement of both fiber and non-fiber materials is applicable as a base material for complex restoration of the posterior tooth. Full article
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