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Atmosphere
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Multi-Scale Climate Simulations
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Multi-Scale Climate Simulations

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2024) | Viewed by 3169

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yun Wei

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Atmospheric Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, China
Interests: climate change in drylands; causes and mechanisms; model evaluation; error analysis; model improvement; future climate projections

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Global warming has become one of the most prominent features of modern long-term climate change, and it is generally recognized that the dominant factor is external forcing. The influence of interdecadal or interannual changes, such as internal variability, leads to the complex characteristics of multi-scale interactions in the climate system. With increasing computer technology and understanding of climate change, climate models have been developed and updated for generations. Although models have improved their simulation of multi-scale changes in the climate system, there are still many errors.

The aim of this Special Issue is to go deeply into the study of multi-scale climate simulations. Topics of interest for the Special Issue include, but are not limited to:

1) Multi-scale change characteristics of climate system;

2) Causes and mechanisms of multi-scale climate change;

3) Model performance in multi-scale climate change, including error and its source analyzing, and model improvement;

4) The detection and attribution of multi-scale climate change;

5) Future projections.

Knowledge of the above is of great scientific and societal importance to the understanding of climate change and development of climate models.

Dr. Yun Wei
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • multi-scale climate change 
  • causes and mechanisms 
  • model comparison and evaluation
  • error and its source analysis
  • model improvement
  • detection and attribution 
  • future projections

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 9292 KiB  
Article
Potential Impacts of Future Climate Change on Super-Typhoons in the Western North Pacific: Cloud-Resolving Case Studies Using Pseudo-Global Warming Experiments
by Chung-Chieh Wang, Min-Ru Hsieh, Yi Ting Thean, Zhe-Wen Zheng, Shin-Yi Huang and Kazuhisa Tsuboki
Atmosphere 2024, 15(9), 1029; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15091029 - 25 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1082
Abstract
Potential impacts of projected long-term climate change toward the end of the 21st century on rainfall and peak intensity of six super-typhoons in the western North Pacific (WNP) are assessed using a cloud-resolving model (CRM) and the pseudo-global warming (PGW) method, under two [...] Read more.
Potential impacts of projected long-term climate change toward the end of the 21st century on rainfall and peak intensity of six super-typhoons in the western North Pacific (WNP) are assessed using a cloud-resolving model (CRM) and the pseudo-global warming (PGW) method, under two representative concentration pathway (RCP) emission scenarios of RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Linear long-term trends in June–October are calculated from 38 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) models from 1981–2000 to 2081–2100, with warmings of about 3 °C in sea surface temperature, 4 °C in air temperature in the lower troposphere, and increases of 20% in moisture in RCP8.5. The changes in RCP4.5 are about half the amounts. For each typhoon, three experiments are carried out: a control run (CTL) using analysis data as initial and boundary conditions (IC/BCs), and two future runs with the trend added to the IC/BCs, one for RCP4.5 and the other for RCP8.5, respectively. Their results are compared for potential impacts of climate change. In future scenarios, all six typhoons produce more rain rather consistently, by around 10% in RCP4.5 and 20% in RCP8.5 inside 200–250 km from the center, with increased variability toward larger radii. Such increases are tested to be highly significant and can be largely explained by the increased moisture and water vapor convergence in future scenarios. However, using this method, the results on peak intensity are mixed and inconsistent, with the majority of cases becoming somewhat weaker in future runs. It is believed that in the procedure to determine the best initial time for CTL, which yielded the strongest TC, often within a few hPa in minimum central sea-level pressure to the best track data, an advantage was introduced to the CTL unintentionally. Once the long-term trends were added in future runs, the environment of the storm was altered and became not as favorable for subsequent intensification. Thus, the PGW approach may have some bias in assessing the peak intensity of such super-typhoon cases, and caution should be practiced. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Scale Climate Simulations)
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12 pages, 6008 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Vegetation on Climate Elements in Northwestern China
by Bicheng Huang, Yu Huang, Dan Wu, Xinyue Bao, Yongping Wu, Guolin Feng and Li Li
Atmosphere 2024, 15(3), 325; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15030325 - 5 Mar 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1525
Abstract
Vegetation plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance between nature, water and soil resources. However, understanding its impact mechanisms in arid and semi-arid areas remains limited. This study aims to analyze the spatial–temporal characteristics of the vegetation leaf area index (LAI) and [...] Read more.
Vegetation plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance between nature, water and soil resources. However, understanding its impact mechanisms in arid and semi-arid areas remains limited. This study aims to analyze the spatial–temporal characteristics of the vegetation leaf area index (LAI) and climate elements in typical regions of northwest China and the correlations between LAI and climate elements; it also aims to explore the influence of regional vegetation growth on climate change. The results reveal significant correlations between LAI and various climate elements. Specifically, within the same region, surface temperature, precipitation, vegetation transpiration, and total evaporation show positive correlations with the LAI, whereas surface albedo shows a negative correlation. Vegetation may affect climate through both heat and water exchange between the land and atmosphere. Increased vegetation leads to the enhanced absorption of solar radiation by the land surface, elevating surface temperature. Increased levels of vegetation also increase vegetation transpiration and total evaporation, increasing the water vapor content in the atmosphere and thus leading to increased surface precipitation. Therefore, vegetation distribution plays a role in climate change, and ecological restoration projects in the northwest region hold significant potential for addressing ecological challenges in its arid and semi-arid areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multi-Scale Climate Simulations)
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