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Atmosphere
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Vegetation and Climate Relationships (3rd Edition)
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Vegetation and Climate Relationships (3rd Edition)

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Biometeorology and Bioclimatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 17 February 2025 | Viewed by 5251

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiangjin Shen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology (IGA), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Changchun 130102, China
Interests: climate change; ecological climatology; vegetation; vegetation and climate relationships; remote sensing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Binhui Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Interests: climate change; temperature; precipitation; forest; forest ecosystem
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a follow-up of the second Special Issue entitled “Vegetation and Climate Relationships (2nd Edition)” (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/atmosphere/special_issues/36873WKBNJ), published in Atmosphere in 2023, and will cover all aspects of vegetation and climate issues.

This Special Issue aims to provide information on recent advancements in our understanding of the relationships between climate and vegetation. This is an important topic because vegetation is not only affected by climate change but also plays an important role in the changes in regional or global climate. In the context of global climate change, understanding the relationships between vegetation and climate is becoming an important aspect of global change studies. In order to better understand vegetation and climate interactions, we need to further clarify the spatiotemporal changes in vegetation and climate in vegetation regions, the responses of vegetation to climate change, and the effects of vegetation on climate. In addition, the advancements and challenges in climate and vegetation research should be further discussed and explored to promote the development of the research on climate and vegetation relationships.

Topics of interest for this Special Issue include but are not limited to the following:

  • Climate change in vegetation regions;
  • Vegetation change against the background of climate change;
  • Advancements in monitoring vegetation and climate changes;
  • Responses of vegetation to climate change;
  • Feedback effects of vegetation on climate change;
  • Relationships between climate change and vegetation;
  • Methods for analyzing the correlations between vegetation and climate change.

Dr. Xiangjin Shen
Dr. Binhui Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vegetation
  • climate change
  • plant
  • vegetation change
  • monitoring method
  • response
  • impact
  • feedback
  • relationship

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 7794 KiB  
Article
Spatial–Temporal Variations and Driving Factors of the Albedo of the Qilian Mountains from 2001 to 2022
by Huazhu Xue, Haojie Zhang, Zhanliang Yuan, Qianqian Ma, Hao Wang and Zhi Li
Atmosphere 2024, 15(9), 1081; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15091081 - 6 Sep 2024
Viewed by 626
Abstract
Surface albedo plays a pivotal role in the Earth’s energy balance and climate. This study conducted an analysis of the spatial distribution patterns and temporal evolution of albedo, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference snow index snow cover (NSC), and land surface [...] Read more.
Surface albedo plays a pivotal role in the Earth’s energy balance and climate. This study conducted an analysis of the spatial distribution patterns and temporal evolution of albedo, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference snow index snow cover (NSC), and land surface temperature (LST) within the Qilian Mountains (QLMs) from 2001 to 2022. This study evaluated the spatiotemporal correlations of albedo with NSC, NDVI, and LST at various temporal scales. Additionally, the study quantified the driving forces and relative contributions of topographic and natural factors to the albedo variation of the QLMs using geographic detectors. The findings revealed the following insights: (1) Approximately 22.8% of the QLMs exhibited significant changes in albedo. The annual average albedo and NSC exhibited a minor decline with rates of −0.00037 and −0.05083 (Sen’s slope), respectively. Conversely, LST displayed a marginal increase at a rate of 0.00564, while NDVI experienced a notable increase at a rate of 0.00178. (2) The seasonal fluctuations of NSC, LST, and vegetation collectively influenced the overall albedo changes in the Qilian Mountains. Notably, the highly similar trends and significant correlations between albedo and NSC, whether in intra-annual monthly variations, multi-year monthly anomalies, or regional multi-year mean trends, indicate that the changes in snow albedo reflected by NSC played a major role. Additionally, the area proportion and corresponding average elevation of PSI (permanent snow and ice regions) slightly increased, potentially suggesting a slow upward shift of the high mountain snowline in the QLMs. (3) NDVI, land cover type (LCT), and the Digital Elevation Model (DEM, which means elevation) played key roles in shaping the spatial pattern of albedo. Additionally, the spatial distribution of albedo was most significantly influenced by the interaction between slope and NDVI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vegetation and Climate Relationships (3rd Edition))
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20 pages, 4402 KiB  
Article
Testing Strategies for Planting Design in Urban Squares to Improve Human Comfort throughout the Seasons
by Priscila Weruska Stark da Silva, Denise Helena Silva Duarte, Mohammad Asrafur Rahman, Thomas Rötzer and Stephan Pauleit
Atmosphere 2024, 15(8), 870; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15080870 - 23 Jul 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2092
Abstract
Green urban squares are essential in densely built neighborhoods and enhance their quality of life. Investment in the greening of urban areas will have a beneficial impact, particularly regarding human thermal comfort. Smaller than parks, squares can be easily spread over the cities [...] Read more.
Green urban squares are essential in densely built neighborhoods and enhance their quality of life. Investment in the greening of urban areas will have a beneficial impact, particularly regarding human thermal comfort. Smaller than parks, squares can be easily spread over the cities and should be part of any neighborhood. While the cooling effect of green squares during hot summer days is increasingly well established, microclimatic assessments during all seasons are still missing. This study aimed to determine whether it is possible to identify an optimal greenery design that maximizes human thermal comfort, as indexed by physiological equivalent temperature (PET), in temperate climates across all seasons. This study employed a “research by design” methodology, utilizing the micrometeorological simulation model ENVI-met to analyze the impact of greenery on PET improvement across different seasons. The objective was to identify the most effective combination of greenery for PET improvement. To achieve these objectives, two urban squares in Munich, Germany were selected. This selection was based on the assumption that typical greening practices, exemplified by the presence of trees, shrubs, and grass, would significantly impact urban squares and their microclimatic effects on human thermal comfort. The small square with a grass surface underneath trees, Alpenplatz, is highly influenced by the surrounding buildings, affecting the sky view factor (SVF), a crucial aspect of the urban environment. Marstallplatz, an open, large square that is not highly affected by urban morphology, was analyzed through simulation scenarios combining grass, shrubs, and trees. The results demonstrate that hot summer days are of primary concern for climate-sensitive urban square design in order to avoid health risks and thus need to be prioritized without compromising comfort for cold days. To attend to both needs, increasing the number of deciduous trees for shading during the day and the amount of grass to enhance air cooling at night are particularly effective. Nevertheless, microclimate design for the spring and autumn periods must also be considered, with the provision of adaptable opportunities for sheltered and sun-exposed spaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vegetation and Climate Relationships (3rd Edition))
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16 pages, 13971 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Flash Drought and Its Impact on Forest Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in Northeast China from 2000 to 2020
by Saraswoti Adhikari, Wanying Zhou, Zeyu Dou, Nazmus Sakib, Rong Ma, Bhavana Chaudhari and Binhui Liu
Atmosphere 2024, 15(7), 818; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15070818 - 8 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1111
Abstract
Flash drought is characterized by rapid onset and short-duration drought conditions caused by a combination of factors, including high evaporation, high temperature, and prolonged periods of little to no precipitation, leading to a sudden and severe decrease in soil moisture levels. In comparison [...] Read more.
Flash drought is characterized by rapid onset and short-duration drought conditions caused by a combination of factors, including high evaporation, high temperature, and prolonged periods of little to no precipitation, leading to a sudden and severe decrease in soil moisture levels. In comparison to conventional drought, it is more susceptible to the effects of global warming and has the potential to become a common drought phenomenon in the coming years, necessitating further research. In this paper, we focused on flash drought events, specifically in forest parts of northeastern China that are included within the Greater Khingan Mountains (GKM), Lesser Khingan Mountains (LKM), and Changbai Mountains (CM), using daily soil moisture data as well as SPOT- VEGETATION NDVI satellite data from 2000 to 2020 and determined their impact on the forest NDVI. Our major findings are as follows. (1) The forest within GKM had the maximum area being affected by flash drought events. (2) The frequency ranged from 1 to 2 times, whereas the total duration varied between 20 and 55 days over the study area in a 21-year period. (3) Flash drought was most common in the plant-growing seasons. (4) The flash drought events had a negative influence on the forest NDVI. Our study contributes to a deeper understanding of the flash drought dynamics in forest areas of northeast China for flash drought monitoring, prediction, and management strategies in this region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vegetation and Climate Relationships (3rd Edition))
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17 pages, 14079 KiB  
Article
Temporal and Spatial Variability of Ground Frost Indices in Northeast China
by Ting Wang, Gaohua Fan, Hui Zhang and Xiangjin Shen
Atmosphere 2024, 15(7), 817; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15070817 - 8 Jul 2024
Viewed by 806
Abstract
Frost is one of the most frequent, intense, and influential agrometeorological disasters that occurs frequently in Northeast China. The study of the spatiotemporal changes of ground frost is of great significance for farmers and policymakers in Northeast China, as it can inform decisions [...] Read more.
Frost is one of the most frequent, intense, and influential agrometeorological disasters that occurs frequently in Northeast China. The study of the spatiotemporal changes of ground frost is of great significance for farmers and policymakers in Northeast China, as it can inform decisions related to crop selection, planting schedules, and the development of regional climate adaptation plans. In this study, the spatiotemporal changes of frost indices (last spring frost (LSF), first fall frost (FFF), and frost-free period (FFP)) in Northeast China were analyzed from 1961 to 2020. Then, we investigated the mutation characteristics of the frost indices and their correlation with geographical factors. The results revealed that (1) the LSF, FFF, and FFP in Northeast China were concentrated at 120–140 DOY, 260–280 DOY, and 110–170 days, respectively. The spatial distribution of frost indices exhibited significant spatial heterogeneity. (2) The LSF, FFF, and FFP showed significant trends of advancement, delay, and extension, with trends of −1.94 days/10 a, 1.72 days/10 a, and 4.21 days/10 a, respectively. (3) More than 80% of the LSF, FFF, and FFP of the sites showed trends of advancement, delay, and extension, with greater variability in the central part of Heilongjiang Province. (4) The FFF and FFP experienced an abrupt change in the late 1990s. (5) The correlation between latitude and LSF, FFF, and FFP was the strongest, with correlation coefficients of 0.77, −0.79, and −0.78, respectively. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the changing characteristics of ground frost indices that impact agricultural production in Northeast China against the backdrop of climate change. The findings hold significant scientific value in guiding the adaptation of agricultural production layouts in Northeast China to the evolving climatic conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vegetation and Climate Relationships (3rd Edition))
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