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Atmosphere
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Satellite Observations of Ocean–Atmosphere Interaction
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Satellite Observations of Ocean–Atmosphere Interaction

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Meteorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (23 April 2024) | Viewed by 9538

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Tymon Zieliński

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Oceanology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
Interests: oceanography; climate studies; sustainability; environmental studies
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Decades of advances in satellite monitoring potential and capabilities have resulted in a great magnitude of scientific datasets from local to global scales, which are useful to many stakeholders, including researchers, policy makers, and the general public. However, the interpretation of the signals detected on a satellite is much more difficult as compared to ground measurements, while aerosols and clouds are still among the major difficulties in satellite observations, and atmospheric aerosol forcing is one of the greatest uncertainties in our understanding of the climate system.

The use of various satellites has generated multiple types of data, leading to the generation of aerosol products such as aerosol spatial distribution, temporal variation, fraction of fine and coarse modes, vertical distribution, light absorption, and some spectral characteristics. This information can be used to detect sources of aerosol emissions, aerosol pathways, as well as interactions between aerosols and energy and water cycles. The synergetic use of data from different satellite sensors provides more comprehensive information to better quantify the direct and indirect effects of aerosols on the Earth’s climate. This is especially helpful over the ocean, where ground-truth studies are limited to shipborne observations, which are difficult and costly, not to mention the scale of the aerial coverage vs. the research potential. Other crucial parameters retrieved from satellite ocean observations that are crucial in climate parametrizations include: SST, surface wind stress, ocean color and global weather patterns.  

We welcome submissions related to:

  • Comparisons of ground-truth and satellite aerosol measurements over the ocean;
  • Descriptions of field work results;
  • Description of aerosol studies over the ocean;
  • Models vs. observations;
  • Descriptions of all crucial studies involving SST, surface wind stress, and ocean color.

Dr. Tymon P. Zielinski
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • transformation of aerosol optical properties
  • ground truth vs. satellite observations
  • radiative balance/radiative forcing
  • remote sensing
  • field and theoretical studies

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 3070 KiB  
Article
A Generalised Additive Model and Deep Learning Method for Cross-Validating the North Atlantic Oscillation Index
by Md Wahiduzzaman and Alea Yeasmin
Atmosphere 2024, 15(8), 987; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15080987 - 17 Aug 2024
Viewed by 645
Abstract
This study introduces an innovative analytical methodology for examining the interconnections among the atmosphere, ocean, and society. The primary area of interest pertains to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), a notable phenomenon characterised by daily to decadal fluctuations in atmospheric conditions over the [...] Read more.
This study introduces an innovative analytical methodology for examining the interconnections among the atmosphere, ocean, and society. The primary area of interest pertains to the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), a notable phenomenon characterised by daily to decadal fluctuations in atmospheric conditions over the Northern Hemisphere. The NAO has a prominent impact on winter weather patterns in North America, Europe, and to some extent, Asia. This impact has significant ramifications for civilization, as well as for marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems, and food chains. Accurate predictions of the surface NAO hold significant importance for society in terms of energy consumption planning and adaptation to severe winter conditions, such as winter wind and snowstorms, which can result in property damage and disruptions to transportation networks. Moreover, it is crucial to improve climate forecasts in order to bolster the resilience of food systems. This would enable producers to quickly respond to expected changes and make the required modifications, such as adjusting their food output or expanding their product range, in order to reduce potential hazards. The forecast centres prioritise and actively research the predictability and variability of the NAO. Nevertheless, it is increasingly evident that conventional analytical methods and prediction models that rely solely on scientific methodologies are inadequate in comprehensively addressing the transdisciplinary dimension of NAO variability. This includes a comprehensive view of research, forecasting, and social ramifications. This study introduces a new framework that combines sophisticated Big Data analytic techniques and forecasting tools using a generalised additive model to investigate the fluctuations of the NAO and the interplay between the ocean and atmosphere. Additionally, it explores innovative approaches to analyze the socio-economic response associated with these phenomena using text mining tools, specifically modern deep learning techniques. The analysis is conducted on an extensive corpora of free text information sourced from media outlets, public companies, government reports, and newspapers. Overall, the result shows that the NAO index has been reproduced well by the Deep-NAO model with a correlation coefficient of 0.74. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Satellite Observations of Ocean–Atmosphere Interaction)
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32 pages, 451 KiB  
Article
Thermodynamics of Evaporation from the Ocean Surface
by Rainer Feistel and Olaf Hellmuth
Atmosphere 2023, 14(3), 560; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030560 - 15 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 8142
Abstract
Adopted by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO in 2010 and the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) in 2011, the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10) is the current geophysical standard for the thermodynamic properties of humid air, seawater and [...] Read more.
Adopted by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO in 2010 and the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) in 2011, the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10) is the current geophysical standard for the thermodynamic properties of humid air, seawater and ice. TEOS-10 equations for evaporation and sublimation enthalpies are derived mathematically from the thermodynamic potential of a »sea air« model, denoting a multi-phase equilibrium composite of the geophysical aqueous mixtures. To estimating evaporation rates from the ocean, Dalton equations in various versions are implemented in numerical climate models. Some of those equations appear to be biased on climatic time scales if compared with proper thermodynamic driving forces. Such equations may lead to a spurious amplification of the hydrological cycle and an implied effect of cooling oceans. As an unbiased alternative, Dalton equations are proposed in terms of TEOS-10 relative fugacity (RF) or its conventional relative humidity (RH) approximations. With respect to RH uncertainties or trends, the substantial sensitivity of the evaporation flux may be estimated to be as much as 5 W m−2 per 1 %rh. Within a maximum error of only 0.04 %rh, sea-surface RF may be approximated in terms of dew-point or frost-point temperatures using a simple formula. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Satellite Observations of Ocean–Atmosphere Interaction)
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