ENSO, Ocean Heat and Climate Change

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Meteorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2022) | Viewed by 3235

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
South China Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
Interests: climate change; Earth system energy budget change; water cycle change; tropical cyclone
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues

We would like to invite you to contribute to a Special Issue of Atmosphere dedicated to research results of “ENSO, Ocean Heat and Climate Change”. With the data available from CIMP6 model simulations, observations and reanalyses, continual improvements have been made in the understanding of the relationship between ENSO, ocean heat and climate change. Increased resolution in geophysical model simulations, enabling the detailed study of the global and regional physical processes. At the same time, challenges remain; systematic model biases, observational inconsistencies, and reanalysis deficiencies are known to affect the reliability of climate statistics and the nature of physical processes linking ENSO, ocean heat and the climate change. 

This Special Issue aims to (1) highlight improvements in our understanding of physical processes of ENSO, ocean heat change and the climate change from observations and climate model simulations and to (2) call attention to key areas where our understanding remains incomplete and could be developed by further progress in observations and climate model simulations. As such, we welcome research topics concerning new developments in these fields, as well as those addressing their evaluation and intercomparison. 

While a broad range of ideas are welcome, topics specifically encouraged include:

  • ENSO initiation and development mechanisms.
  • Processes influencing ENSO development and prediction.
  • Atmosphere–ocean coupled variability and change—effect of exchange at surface on the atmosphere energy and ocean heat, as well as their transports.
  • Interactions between scales—multiscale interactions, boundary layer, ocean, and atmosphere.
  • Climate change effect on the ENSO onset and development.
  • ENSO effect on the environment and society.

Manuscripts may present original research or review previous work and summarise the current state of the science.

Dr. Chunlei Liu
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • ENSO
  • ocean heat, redistribution and transport
  • climate change
  • exchanges between ocean and atmosphere
  • surface energy fluxes
  • atmospheric energy transport

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 6716 KiB  
Article
Climatological Features of Squall Line at the Borneo Coastline during Southwest Monsoon
by Fadila Jasmin Fakaruddin, Najhan Azima Nawai, Mahani Abllah, Fredolin Tangang and Liew Juneng
Atmosphere 2022, 13(1), 116; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13010116 - 12 Jan 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2321
Abstract
Borneo Squall Line (BSL) is a disaster risk associated with intense rain and wind gust that affect the activities and residence near the northern coast of Borneo. Using 3-hourly rainfall from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42V7 during southwest monsoon season (May–September) from [...] Read more.
Borneo Squall Line (BSL) is a disaster risk associated with intense rain and wind gust that affect the activities and residence near the northern coast of Borneo. Using 3-hourly rainfall from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42V7 during southwest monsoon season (May–September) from 1998–2018, a total of 629 squall days were identified. Their monthly and annual average was 6 and 30 days, respectively, with July representing the month with the highest number of squall line days. BSL is frequently initiated during midnight/predawn and terminated in the morning. Composite analyses of BSL days using the daily winds from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-Interim revealed that lower tropospheric wind convergence is a crucial controlling factor for BSL formation. The position of the monsoon trough closer to the equatorial South China Sea (SCS), and strong westerly and south-westerly winds played an important role in creating this wind convergence region. Analyses of tropical cyclone (TC) data from the Regional Specialized Meteorological Centre (RSMC), Tokyo showed that nearly 72% of BSL occurred with the presence of TC. Spectral analysis exhibited prominent frequencies mainly in the 3–4- and 6-year time scale, which likely reflected the influence of interannual modulation of El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Correlation coefficient between squall days and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies indicated that BSL increased after La-Niña events. This study is expected to have implications for real-time squall line forecasting in Malaysia and contributes toward a better understanding of BSL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue ENSO, Ocean Heat and Climate Change)
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