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Atmosphere
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Particulate Matters in Ambient Air: Characteristics, Composition, and Sources
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Particulate Matters in Ambient Air: Characteristics, Composition, and Sources

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Air Quality".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 April 2025 | Viewed by 2002

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Qingyang Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Interests: air pollution; health effects; oxidative potential; climate change
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Air pollution is the leading environmental health risk factor globally. Extensive evidence has documented the causal relationship between exposure to ambient air pollution, particularly particles <2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5), and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Chemical composition in particulate matter from diverse sources may lead to different human health effects. The exact mechanisms by which source-generated PM affects cardiovascular are not entirely understood, while inflammatory mediators that are released under the exposures to particulate matter are thought to be central.

Several studies indicated that air pollution associated with the ambient concentration of PM2.5 differed largely across areas worldwide. For example, the annual concentration of PM2.5 in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in South East Asia and the West Pacific Regions far exceeded the air quality guidelines (5 µg/m3) of the World Health Organization. Primary energy use (e.g., biomass burning, residential sector, firing power plants, mobile source) is regarded to be responsible for the large emissions (e.g., carbonaceous aerosols, metals, and ions) of air pollution in LMICs. United Nations has laid out a clear Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) for energy use, which includes access to affordable energy, improvement in energy efficiency, and increased use of renewable sources.

As the Guest Editor, I invite you to consider submitting your research for publication in this Special Issue of Atmosphere focused on "Particulate Matters in Ambient Air: Characteristics, Composition and Sources". This Special Issue aims to provide a selection of studies in the form of reviews and original papers related to pollution characteristics and composition of ambient particulate matters. The studies on the mitigation of ambient particulate matters in the context of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) for energy use are especially welcome. Potential authors are welcome to contact the Guest Editor with questions regarding their proposed topics for this Special Issue.

Dr. Qingyang Liu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • PM2.5
  • PM10
  • metals
  • carbonaceous aerosols
  • water soluble ions
  • molecular markers
  • receptor model
  • health effects
  • primary sources
  • secondary sources

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1375 KiB  
Article
Occurrences of Deposited Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Wax of Plant Leaves Using Laser Scanning Microscopy and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry
by Ming Yang, Qingyang Liu, Shili Tian, Zheng Yang, Yifan Yang, Peng Shao and Yanju Liu
Atmosphere 2024, 15(10), 1165; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15101165 - 29 Sep 2024
Viewed by 507
Abstract
The knowledge of the deposition fate of ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on plant leaves is limited. To fill in this knowledge gap, this study strives to observe the intermolecular complex between the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and epicuticular wax of plant leaves using [...] Read more.
The knowledge of the deposition fate of ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on plant leaves is limited. To fill in this knowledge gap, this study strives to observe the intermolecular complex between the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and epicuticular wax of plant leaves using laser scanning microscopy. Epicuticular wax refers to a type of organic mixture that covers the outermost layer of leaves. The leaves of 20 tree species were collected in Beijing in July 2023. The concentrations of 31 PAHs were quantified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Furthermore, the intermolecular complexes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and epicuticular wax were found with a fluorescence spectrofluorometer and laser scanning microscopy. The levels of total PAHs across 20 tree species ranged from 12.4 ng g−1 to 68.4 ng g−1. Differences in the amounts of total PAHs across tree leaves were observed, which may be ascribed to the differences in leaf surface across tree types. The higher concentration of low-molecular-weight PAHs was found in leaves compared to high-molecular-weight PAHs. The fluorescence spectrofluorometer identified the formation of a new intermolecular complex with fluorescence emission at an excitation wavelength of 340 nm between PAHs and epicuticular wax relative to PAHs. We used laser scanning microscopy with a 405 nm laser for excitation to observe the new intermolecular complex of PAHs and epicuticular wax on the stomata and epicuticular wax of leaves. This study found the intermolecular complex of PAHs on the surface of leaves in situ, which provides important information about the deposition fate of ambient PAHs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Particulate Matters in Ambient Air: Characteristics, Composition, and Sources)
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18 pages, 1912 KiB  
Article
Tire Wear Emissions by Highways: Impact of Season and Surface Type
by Jason A. Miech, Saed Aker, Zhaobo Zhang, Hasan Ozer, Matthew P. Fraser and Pierre Herckes
Atmosphere 2024, 15(9), 1122; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15091122 - 15 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1089
Abstract
With the increasing number of electric vehicles taking to the roads, the impact of tailpipe emissions on air quality will decrease, while resuspended road dust and brake/tire wear will become more significant. This study quantified PM10 emissions from tire wear under a [...] Read more.
With the increasing number of electric vehicles taking to the roads, the impact of tailpipe emissions on air quality will decrease, while resuspended road dust and brake/tire wear will become more significant. This study quantified PM10 emissions from tire wear under a range of real highway conditions with measurements across different seasons and roadway surface types in Phoenix, Arizona. Tire wear was quantified in the sampled PM10 using benzothiazoles (vulcanization accelerators) as tire markers. The measured emission factors had a range of 0.005–0.22 mg km−1 veh−1 and are consistent with an earlier experimental study conducted in Phoenix. However, these results are lower than values typically found in the literature and values calculated from emissions models, such as MOVES (MOtor Vehicle Emission Simulator). We found no significant difference in tire wear PM10 emission factors for different surface types (asphalt vs. diamond grind concrete) but saw a significant decrease in the winter compared to the summer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Particulate Matters in Ambient Air: Characteristics, Composition, and Sources)
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