Tropical Air-Sea Interactions and Their Impact on East Asian Anomalous Climate

Dear Colleagues,

The ocean is a crucial component of the climate system, covering approximately 71% of the Earth's surface. Air-sea interactions significantly impact the climate system, and the influence of tropical air-sea interactions on anomalous climate has garnered increasing attention. East Asia is a densely populated region heavily influenced by the East Asian monsoon. Tropical air-sea interactions, such as ENSO, can affect East Asian summer anomalous climate by modulating the East Asian summer monsoon. For example, the extreme El Niño event of 1997/98 significantly contributed to the extreme summer precipitation in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the summer of 1998. Similarly, the extreme positive IOD event in the fall of 2019 is closely linked to the violent Meiyu in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River during the summer of 2020. Anomalous sea surface temperatures in the tropical Atlantic can also influence East Asian summer anomalous climate by modulating the East Asian summer monsoon through air-sea interactions.

Against the background of global warming, sea surface height (SSH) is the most intuitive response to global climate change. In atmosphere-ocean interactions, changes in ocean heat capacity and the thermodynamic structure of the atmospheric boundary layer are closely related to SSH, which greatly impacts human production and life. At present, the most effective tool for monitoring changes in SSH is the satellite altimeter, which can effectively monitor the multi-scale structural characteristics of the oceans using the altimeter carried by the satellite and then using mapping methods to obtain SSH on a regular grid from the data along the orbit. The recently launched Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite, is equipped with a cutting-edge Ka-band radar characterized by reduced noise levels, expansive swath width, and heightened resolution. It has globally undergone extensive in-situ observation calibration and validation and several exploratory applications in coastal tide research, data assimilation, etc. It shows great promise for a wide range of applications in the fields of physical oceanography, biogeophysical interaction, atmospheric dynamics, etc.

This special issue will focus on the occurrence, development patterns, and formation mechanisms of tropical air-sea interaction phenomena, as well as their impacts on East Asian anomalous climate and oceanic variables. The aim is to provide a scientific basis and clues for a deeper understanding of anomalous climate in the East Asian region and for disaster prevention and mitigation efforts. This Special Issue invites submissions of original research, review articles, and perspectives on the following topics:

1. Spatiotemporal evolution patterns and formation mechanisms of air-sea interactions in the three tropical oceans;
2. Mechanisms of the impact of air-sea interactions on East Asian climate anomalies;
3. Statistical analysis and cause analysis of extreme climate events in East Asia;
4. Research on the mechanism of air-sea interactions in East Asian oceanic variables (e.g., ocean mesoscale eddies and sea surface height).
5. Analysis of the structure and formation mechanism of ocean mesoscale eddiesand assimilation methods for SSH remote sensing data;

Dr. Lei Liu
Dr. Dachao Jin
Guest Editors

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• air-sea interactions
• east Asian anomalous climate
• sea surface height
• ocean mesoscale eddies