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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Climate-Ecosystem Interaction in Northern Wetlands
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Climate-Ecosystem Interaction in Northern Wetlands

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosphere/Hydrosphere/Land–Atmosphere Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (8 August 2021) | Viewed by 13291

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jianghua Wu

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Chief Guest Editor
School of Science and the Environment, Grenfell Campus, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL, Canada
Interests: impacts of climate change and human disturbance on carbon cycling; greenhouse gas emissions in northern peatlands
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gareth Marshall

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Guest Editor
British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, UK
Interests: polar climate; extratropical teleconnections; Southern Annular Mode; climate–ecosystem interactions; Arctic; Antarctic
Prof. Dr. Meng Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Geographic Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 1300333, China
Interests: wetlands; climate change; geography; human disturbances; elemental cycling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Qiu’an Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
Interests: ecohydrology and global change
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mei Wang

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Guest Editor
School of Geographic Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China

Special Issue Information

Northern wetlands have sequestered an enormous amount of carbon (C) from the atmosphere during the Holocene. This important ecosystem function of wetlands is tightly coupled to hydrology and is continuously affected by climate change and human disturbances. Northern wetlands now store ~30% of the global soil C and are the largest natural methane emitters.

The combination of a warmer climate and an altered precipitation regime results in changes in wetland ecology and C cycling via changes in the hydrology and vegetation composition. On top of this, wetlands have been experiencing significant human disturbances that can change the role of hydrology and climate in controlling the biogeochemical and ecological processes in wetlands. orthern wetlands can potentially switch from the current “climate cooling” function to a “climate warming“ function via its large greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions (such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide). However, how climate change and human disturbances affect their GHGs fluxes and climate functions is not well understood.

This Special Issue in Atmosphere aims to consolidate the latest worldwide research on addressing this urgent issue of climate–ecosystem interactions in northern wetlands. We seek high-quality contributions from, but not limited to, the research work based on field observations and measurements, laboratory experiments, process-based or mechanistic modelling, and comprehensive reviews. This Special Issue aims to make a significant contribution to a better understanding of C cycling and greenhouse gas emissions and climate–ecosystem interactions and help to come up with a better management policy on maintaining the healthy ecosystem function and stability of northern wetlands.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • Carbon and other elements cycling and greenhouse gas emissions in pristine northern wetlands, human-disturbed wetlands, and restored wetlands;
  • Hydrological processes and their responses to climate change and human disturbances in northern wetlands;
  • Biological and ecological processes and their responses to climate change and human disturbances in northern wetlands;
  • Ecohydrological responses, such as the interactions of vegetation and hydrology, to climate change and human disturbances in northern wetlands;
  • Interactions of hydrology and biogeochemistry in northern wetlands and how they respond to climate change and human disturbances; and
  • Responses of microbial communities and functions in northern wetlands under climate change and human disturbances.
text

(Photo Copyright: Photo taken by Dr. Jianghua Wu at his research site)

Dr. Jianghua Wu
Dr. Gareth Marshall
Dr. Meng Wang
Dr. Qiu’an Zhu
Dr. Mei Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • northern wetlands
  • climate change
  • human disturbances
  • carbon cycling
  • elemental cycling
  • greenhouse gas emissions
  • hydrology
  • ecohydrology
  • microbial communities
  • biological processes
  • biogeochemical processes

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 32783 KiB  
Article
Spatial Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in a Sasa (Dwarf Bamboo) Invaded Wetland Ecosystem in Central Hokkaido, Japan
by Akane Kagemoto, Fumiaki Takakai, Osamu Nagata, Masayuki Takada and Ryusuke Hatano
Atmosphere 2021, 12(4), 448; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12040448 - 31 Mar 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2722
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of vegetation change on greenhouse gas (GHG) budget from a wetland ecosystem, the CO2, CH4 and N2O budgets from whole area (21.5 ha) of the Bibai Wetland, where dwarf bamboo (Sasa) or [...] Read more.
To evaluate the effect of vegetation change on greenhouse gas (GHG) budget from a wetland ecosystem, the CO2, CH4 and N2O budgets from whole area (21.5 ha) of the Bibai Wetland, where dwarf bamboo (Sasa) or Ilex has invaded into original Sphagnum dominated vegetation, located in Hokkaido, Japan were estimated. The original Sphagnum-dominated vegetation was changed from a sink to a source of CO2 by invasion of short-Sasa (50 cm > height), while the invasion of tall-Sasa (50 cm < height < 150 cm) or Ilex increased CO2 uptake. Annual CH4 emission was decreased by the invasion of Sasa or Ilex. The annual N2O emission was slightly increased by invasion of Ilex only. These GHG budgets were correlated with the environmental factors related to the water table depth. The distribution of vegetation and environmental factors was estimated from satellite image bands, and the GHG budget of the entire wetland was estimated. The whole wetland area was considered to be a sink for GHG (−113 Mg CO2-eq y−1) and CO2 uptake by tall-Sasa occupied 71% of the GHG budget. The vegetation change due to the lowering of the water table depth currently increases the rate of carbon accumulation in the ecosystem by about 5 times. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate-Ecosystem Interaction in Northern Wetlands)
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17 pages, 2152 KiB  
Article
Response of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Peatlands to Permafrost Thawing in Xiaoxing’an Mountains, Northeast China
by Xiaoxin Sun, Hongjun Wang, Changchun Song, Xin Jin, Curtis J. Richardson and Tijiu Cai
Atmosphere 2021, 12(2), 222; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos12020222 - 6 Feb 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3717
Abstract
Permafrost thawing may lead to the release of carbon and nitrogen in high-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere, mainly in the form of greenhouse gases. Our research aims to reveal the effects of permafrost thawing on CH4 and N2O emissions [...] Read more.
Permafrost thawing may lead to the release of carbon and nitrogen in high-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere, mainly in the form of greenhouse gases. Our research aims to reveal the effects of permafrost thawing on CH4 and N2O emissions from peatlands in Xiaoxing’an Mountains, Northeast China. During four growing seasons (2011–2014), in situ CH4 and N2O emissions were monitored from peatland under permafrost no-thawing, mild-thawing, and severe-thawing conditions in the middle of the Xiaoxing’an Mountains by a static-chamber method. Average CH4 emissions in the severe-thawing site were 55-fold higher than those in the no-thawing site. The seasonal variation of CH4 emission became more aggravated with the intensification of permafrost thawing, in which the emission peaks became larger and the absorption decreased to zero. The increased CH4 emissions were caused by the expansion of the thawing layer and the subsequent increases in soil temperature, water table, and shifts of plant communities. However, N2O emissions did not change with thawing. Permafrost thawing increased CH4 emissions but did not impact N2O emissions in peatlands in the Xiaoxing’an Mountains. Increased CH4 emissions from peatlands in this region may amplify global warming. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate-Ecosystem Interaction in Northern Wetlands)
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10 pages, 1853 KiB  
Article
Disproportionate Changes in the CH4 Emissions of Six Water Table Levels in an Alpine Peatland
by Liang Yan, Xiaodong Zhang, Haidong Wu, Enze Kang, Yong Li, Jinzhi Wang, Zhongqing Yan, Kerou Zhang and Xiaoming Kang
Atmosphere 2020, 11(11), 1165; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11111165 - 28 Oct 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2372
Abstract
The Zoige alpine peatlands are one of the highest and largest alpine peatlands in the world and play an important role in the global carbon cycle. Drainage is the main disturbance at Zoige, and the drawdown of the water table level changes CH [...] Read more.
The Zoige alpine peatlands are one of the highest and largest alpine peatlands in the world and play an important role in the global carbon cycle. Drainage is the main disturbance at Zoige, and the drawdown of the water table level changes CH4 emissions. There is still much uncertainty relating to how CH4 emissions respond to multiple water table levels. Here, we simulated six gradients (−30 cm, −20 cm, −10 cm, 0 cm, 10 cm, and 20 cm) of the water table level through a mesocosm manipulation experiment in the Zoige peatlands. The water table level had a significant effect on CH4 emissions. CH4 emissions did not change with water table levels from −30 cm to −10 cm, but significantly increased as the water table level increased above −10 cm. A significant log-linear relationship (R2 = 0.44, p < 0.001) was found between CH4 emissions and a water table level range from −10 to 20 cm. This study characterized the responses of CH4 emissions to multiple water table levels and provide additional data for accurately evaluating CH4 emissions. The results of this study also have several conservation implications for alpine peatlands. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate-Ecosystem Interaction in Northern Wetlands)
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18 pages, 2859 KiB  
Article
Changes in Methane Emission and Community Composition of Methane-Cycling Microorganisms Along an Elevation Gradient in the Dongting Lake Floodplain, China
by Yijie Ren, Lianlian Zhu, Zhengmiao Deng, Yonghong Xie, Chengyi Zhang, Fengjin Xiao, Xinsheng Chen, Feng Li, Yeai Zou, Rong Sheng, Xiaoyan Zhang and Xian Chen
Atmosphere 2020, 11(9), 997; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11090997 - 17 Sep 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3622
Abstract
Methane (CH4) emission and environmental controls of CH4-cycling microorganisms are unclear in inland floodplains. Here, we examined soil CH4 emissions and the community composition of CH4-cycling microorganisms under three vegetation types—mudflat (MF, no vegetation cover), Carex [...] Read more.
Methane (CH4) emission and environmental controls of CH4-cycling microorganisms are unclear in inland floodplains. Here, we examined soil CH4 emissions and the community composition of CH4-cycling microorganisms under three vegetation types—mudflat (MF, no vegetation cover), Carex meadow (CM, mainly Carex brevicuspis), and reed land (RL, mainly Miscanthus sacchariflorus)—from water-adjacent areas to higher-elevation land in the Dongting Lake floodplain, China. The results showed that CH4 emission is the highest in CM, while significant absorption was observed in the RL site. The abundance ratio of methanogen/methanotroph was the highest in CM, intermediate in MF, and lowest in RL. The Methanosarcinaceae family represented the dominant methanogens in the three sampling sites (41.32–75.25%). The genus Methylocystis (60.85%, type II methanotrophs) was dominant in CM, while Methylobacter and Methylosarcina (type I methanotrophs) were the dominant genera in MF (51.00%) and RL (50.24%), respectively. Structural equation model analysis showed that methanogen and methanotroph abundance were affected by water table depth, soil water content, and pH indirectly through soil organic content, total nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, and microbial biomass nitrogen. These results indicated that the Dongting Lake floodplain may change from a CH4 source to a CH4 sink with vegetation succession with an increase in elevation, and the methanogen/methanotroph ratio can be used as a proxy for CH4 emission in wetland soils. The continuous increase in reed area combined with the decrease in Carex meadow may mitigate CH4 emission and enhance the CH4 sink function during the non-flood season in the Dongting Lake floodplain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Climate-Ecosystem Interaction in Northern Wetlands)
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