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Atmosphere
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Physical, Chemical and Optical Properties of Aerosols
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Physical, Chemical and Optical Properties of Aerosols

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Aerosols".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (6 May 2022) | Viewed by 14714

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Chang H. Jung

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Management, Kyungin Women’s University, Incheon 21041, Korea
Interests: aerosol optical properties; aerosol dynamics; radiative forcing
Dr. Jiyi Lee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering (DESE), Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
Interests: aerosol; chemical composition of aerosol; organic speciation; aerosol chemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Aerosols are of central importance for atmospheric chemistry and physics, climate, and public health. Aerosol particles emitted by a wide range of sources, including coal-fired power plants, vehicles, wildfires, volcanoes, desert dust, and sea spray from the ocean can be transported around the globe in a matter of days or weeks.

Because aerosols are composed of solid and liquid particles of varying physicochemical complexity, size, and phase, the impact of aerosols on our climate and environment represents not only a scientific grand challenge, but also an international challenge.

Further, we can improve the accuracy of atmospheric aerosol and understand the impacts of atmospheric aerosols on the environment only through the integration of field, laboratory, and modeling analysis.

This Special Issue is intended to present the current state of our scientific knowledge in the analysis of atmospheric aerosols and discuss the aerosol impact on the environment according to their physical and optical properties as well as chemical properties. Manuscripts on all aspects of atmospheric aerosols are welcome to this Special Issue. We solicit high-quality, original research articles, or review articles focused on atmospheric aerosol and its impacts on the environment applied in the fields of meteorology, environmental science, and other interdisciplinary areas.

Dr. Chang H. Jung
Dr. Jiyi Lee
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aerosol chemical and physical properties
  • direct/indirect radiative effects of atmospheric aerosol
  • aerosol chemistry and physics
  • air quality and atmospheric aerosol
  • aerosol–cloud interactions

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 3745 KiB  
Article
Urban Particulate Matter Hazard Mapping and Monitoring Site Selection in Nablus, Palestine
by Tawfiq Saleh and Abdelhaleem Khader
Atmosphere 2022, 13(7), 1134; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13071134 - 18 Jul 2022
Viewed by 2448
Abstract
Few air pollution studies have been applied in the State of Palestine and all showed an increase in particulate matter concentrations above WHO guidelines. However, there is no clear methodology for selecting monitoring locations. In this study, a methodology based on GIS and [...] Read more.
Few air pollution studies have been applied in the State of Palestine and all showed an increase in particulate matter concentrations above WHO guidelines. However, there is no clear methodology for selecting monitoring locations. In this study, a methodology based on GIS and locally calibrated low-cost sensors was tested. A GIS-based weighted overlay summation process for the potential sources of air pollution (factories, quarries, and traffic), taking into account the influence of altitude and climate, was used to obtain an air pollution hazard map for Nablus, Palestine. To test the methodology, eight locally calibrated PM sensors (AirUs) were deployed to measure PM2.5 concentrations for 55 days from 7 January to 2 March 2022. The results of the hazard map showed that 82% of Nablus is exposed to a high and medium risk of PM pollution. Sensors’ readings showed a good match between the hazard intensity and PM concentrations. It also shows an elevated PM2.5 concentrations above WHO guidelines in all areas. In summary, the overall average for PM2.5 in the Nablus was 48 µg/m3. This may indicate the effectiveness of mapping methodology and the use of low-cost, locally calibrated sensors in characterizing air quality status to identify the potential remediation options. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical, Chemical and Optical Properties of Aerosols)
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15 pages, 4738 KiB  
Article
Spatiotemporal Analysis of MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth Data in the Philippines from 2010 to 2020
by Nadine Grace Caido, Prane Mariel Ong, Ofelia Rempillo, Maria Cecilia Galvez and Edgar Vallar
Atmosphere 2022, 13(6), 939; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060939 - 9 Jun 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4406
Abstract
Satellite remote sensing for air quality assessment provides information over a large spatial coverage and time period that shows the trends and effects of anthropogenic activities. Using data collected from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra satellite from the years 2010 to [...] Read more.
Satellite remote sensing for air quality assessment provides information over a large spatial coverage and time period that shows the trends and effects of anthropogenic activities. Using data collected from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra satellite from the years 2010 to 2020, the spatiotemporal variations to aerosol optical depth (AOD) in Koronadal City and Quezon City were studied. Validation showed a strong relationship between the MODIS AOD values and the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) AOD values (R2 = 0.83) and a low root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.26. Annual variation in the AOD of the two study areas showed a peak AOD value in 2015 due to an immense biomass burning in Indonesia and a low AOD value in 2020 due to the COVID-19 lockdown. Koronadal City experienced a high AOD value during the fall season due to aerosols from biomass burning in Indonesia that were carried by the southwest monsoon. Quezon City experienced a high AOD value during spring from increased local sources, as well as long-range transport pollutants from East Asia that were carried by northeasterly winds. Overall, this study provides an understanding of the spatiotemporal variations in aerosols in the Philippines, which could be used in environmental management, air quality regulations, and health assessment studies. This shows the urgency of monitoring and mitigating poor air quality in the Philippines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical, Chemical and Optical Properties of Aerosols)
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12 pages, 3491 KiB  
Article
Relationships between Aerosol and Raindrop Size Distributions during Rainfall Period (Changma) in Jeju Island, Korea
by Woonseon Jung, Hyun Min Sung, Cheol-Hwan You, Hyeon-Joon Kim, Sung-Ho Suh, Dong-In Lee and Ki-Ho Chang
Atmosphere 2022, 13(6), 933; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13060933 - 8 Jun 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2007
Abstract
To investigate the variation in aerosol particles removed by rainfall, we determined the relationship between aerosols and raindrops observed on Jeju Island, Korea, during a heavy rainfall period (Changma) from 1–15 July 2012. Various instruments, including an aerodynamic particle sizer, rain gauge, and [...] Read more.
To investigate the variation in aerosol particles removed by rainfall, we determined the relationship between aerosols and raindrops observed on Jeju Island, Korea, during a heavy rainfall period (Changma) from 1–15 July 2012. Various instruments, including an aerodynamic particle sizer, rain gauge, and disdrometer, were installed at the Gosan meteorological observation site on Jeju Island. During the Changma period, precipitation between 0.7 and 25.4 mm per day was recorded, and large variations in aerosol and raindrop size distributions were observed. Aerosol removal by precipitation was indicated, and its scavenging effect was confirmed from the results. Three major parameters (Brownian diffusion, interception, and impaction) described the collision efficiency based on aerosol and raindrop size distributions. The variations in the scavenging coefficient and below-cloud scavenging rate produced similar results for the accumulated rain amount. Therefore, these field observations explained the relationship between aerosol and raindrop size distributions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical, Chemical and Optical Properties of Aerosols)
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13 pages, 1443 KiB  
Article
Simulation of the Formation and Growth of Soot Aerosol Particles in a Premixed Combustion Process Using a Soot Aerosol Dynamics Model
by Sung Hoon Park
Atmosphere 2022, 13(5), 847; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050847 - 23 May 2022
Viewed by 2116
Abstract
Recently, an aerosol dynamics model—the Soot Aggregate Moment Model (SAMM)—that can efficiently trace the size distribution and morphology of soot particles was developed. In order to examine the applicability of SAMM in association with open-source CFD and combustion chemistry solvers, the formation and [...] Read more.
Recently, an aerosol dynamics model—the Soot Aggregate Moment Model (SAMM)—that can efficiently trace the size distribution and morphology of soot particles was developed. In order to examine the applicability of SAMM in association with open-source CFD and combustion chemistry solvers, the formation and growth of soot particles in a premixed ethylene/air combustion were simulated by connecting SAMM with OpenSMOKE++ in this study. The simulation results were compared with available measurements and with the results of a previous study conducted using SAMM connected with an in-house CFD code and the CHEMKIN combustion chemistry package. Both CHEMKIN and OpenSMOKE++ underestimated C2H2 concentration compared to previous measurements, with deviation from the measured data being smaller for OpenSMOKE++. The chemical mechanism adopted in the CHEMKIN package was found to underestimate pyrene concentration by a factor of several tens. OpenSMOKE++ predicted much higher soot precursor concentrations than CHEMKIN, leading to a higher nucleation rate and a faster surface growth in the latter part of the reactor. This resulted in a reasonable soot production rate without introducing an artificial condensation enhancement factor. The overestimation of low-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the latter part of the reactor and the neglect of sintering led to an overprediction of soot production and primary particle number. This result indicates that accounting only for obliteration without sintering in SAMM could not simulate the merging of primary particles sufficiently. This indication merits further investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical, Chemical and Optical Properties of Aerosols)
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20 pages, 8162 KiB  
Article
Crop Residue Burning Emissions and the Impact on Ambient Particulate Matters over South Korea
by Kyung M. Han, Byung T. Lee, Min-Suk Bae, Sojin Lee, Chang H. Jung and Hyun S. Kim
Atmosphere 2022, 13(4), 559; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13040559 - 30 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2712
Abstract
In the study, crop residue burning (CRB) emissions were estimated based on field surveys and combustion experiments to assess the impact of the CRB on particulate matter over South Korea. The estimates of CRB emissions over South Korea are 9514, 8089, 4002, 2010, [...] Read more.
In the study, crop residue burning (CRB) emissions were estimated based on field surveys and combustion experiments to assess the impact of the CRB on particulate matter over South Korea. The estimates of CRB emissions over South Korea are 9514, 8089, 4002, 2010, 172,407, 7675, 33, and 5053 Mg year−1 for PM10, PM2.5, OC, EC, CO, NOx, SO2, and NH3, respectively. Compared with another study, our estimates in the magnitudes of CRB emissions were not significantly different. When the CRB emissions are additionally considered in the simulation, the monthly mean differences in PM2.5 (i.e., △PM2.5) were marginal between 0.07 and 0.55 μg m−3 over South Korea. Those corresponded to 0.6–4.3% in relative differences. Additionally, the △PM10 was 0.07–0.60 μg m−3 over South Korea. In the spatial and temporal aspects, the increases in PM10 and PM2.5 were high in Gyeongbuk (GB) and Gyeongnam (GN) provinces in June, October, November, and December. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical, Chemical and Optical Properties of Aerosols)
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