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Bioengineering
Special Issues
Biomechanics of Sports Injuries
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Biomechanics of Sports Injuries

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomechanics and Sports Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 3717

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Man Soo Kim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
Interests: ligament; cartilage; meniscus; sports, rehabilitation; motion; exercise
Dr. Sue En Sohn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, 1342 Dongil-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Interests: knee; ligament; cartilage; meniscus; rehabilitation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, as sports activities gradually increase and become part of life, the frequency of sports injuries gradually increases, and the interest in them is also increasing. Sports injuries can occur in any part of the body. Damage to the muscles of the body, as well as the shoulder, elbow, arm, hand, spine, hip, knee, foot, and ankle joints, may be present. These sports injuries can have a great economic impact as well as delayed return to daily life and sports activities if proper treatment and rehabilitation are not received for not only elite athletes but also ordinary people. In order to establish an appropriate treatment and rehabilitation process for sports injuries, it is essential to understand the biomechanics of sports injuries. Reviews of existing biomechanics as well as research related to new theories on the biomechanics of sports injury are actively welcomed.

This Special Issue collects original research focused on new biomechanics or recapitulation of previously described biomechanics as useful tools for understanding sports injuries.

Dr. Man Soo Kim
Dr. Sue En Sohn
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • sports
  • shoulder
  • knee
  • spine
  • hip
  • ankle
  • wrist
  • elbow
  • muscle
  • mechanics

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1402 KiB  
Article
Influence of the Initial Guess on the Estimation of Knee Ligament Parameters via Optimization Procedures
by Ilias Theodorakos and Michael Skipper Andersen
Bioengineering 2024, 11(12), 1183; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11121183 - 22 Nov 2024
Viewed by 327
Abstract
Optimization procedures provide ligament parameters by minimizing the difference between experimental measurements and computational simulations. Literature values are used as initial guesses of ligament parameters for these optimization procedures. However, it remains unknown how these values affect the estimation of ligament parameters. This [...] Read more.
Optimization procedures provide ligament parameters by minimizing the difference between experimental measurements and computational simulations. Literature values are used as initial guesses of ligament parameters for these optimization procedures. However, it remains unknown how these values affect the estimation of ligament parameters. This study evaluates the effects of the initial guess on estimations of ligament parameters. A synthetic data set was generated using a subject-specific knee computational model, reference ligament parameters and simulated laxity tests. Subsequently, ligament parameters were estimated using an optimization routine and four different initial guesses. The distance of these initial guesses from their true values ranged from 0 to 3.5 kN and from 0 to 3.6% for the stiffness and reference strains, respectively. The optimized ligament parameters had an average absolute mean error ranging from 0.15 (0.09) kN and 0.08 (0.04)% to 3.67 (2.46) kN and 1.25 (0.76)%, while the kinematic error remained below 1 mm and 1.2° for all conditions. Our results showed that the estimations of the ligament parameters worsened as the initial guesses moved farther away from their true values. Moreover, the optimization procedure resulted in suboptimal ligament parameters that provided similar behavior to the true laxity behavior, which is an alarming finding that should be further investigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomechanics of Sports Injuries)
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14 pages, 2728 KiB  
Article
Biomechanical Comparisons of Different Reconstructive Techniques for Scapholunate Dissociation: A Cadaveric Study
by Il-Jung Park, Seungbum Chae, Dai-Soon Kwak, Yoon-Vin Kim, Seunghun Ha and Dohyung Lim
Bioengineering 2023, 10(11), 1310; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10111310 - 13 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1304
Abstract
There are many techniques for the treatment of chronic scapholunate dissociation. The three-ligament tenodesis (3LT) is used most widely, but reconstruction of the dorsal ligament alone may not provide sufficient stability. The Mark–Henry technique (MHT) compensates for the insufficient stability of 3LT by [...] Read more.
There are many techniques for the treatment of chronic scapholunate dissociation. The three-ligament tenodesis (3LT) is used most widely, but reconstruction of the dorsal ligament alone may not provide sufficient stability. The Mark–Henry technique (MHT) compensates for the insufficient stability of 3LT by additional reconstruction of the volar ligament, but the procedure is complex. The SwiveLock technique (SWT), a recently introduced method, provides stability by using autologous tendons with synthetic tapes, but lacks long-term clinical results. To perform biomechanical comparisons of different reconstructive techniques for scapholunate dissociation using a controlled laboratory cadaveric model. Eleven fresh-frozen upper-extremity cadaveric specimens were prepared. The scapholunate distance, scaphoid rotation, and lunate rotation of the specimens were measured during continuous flexion–extension and ulnar–radial deviation movements. The data were collected using a wrist simulator with a linear guide rail system (tendon load/motion-controlled system) and a motion capture system. Results were compared in five conditions: (1) intact, (2) scapholunate dissociation, (3) SWT, (4) 3LT, and (5) MHT. Paired t-test was employed to compare the biomechanical characteristics of intact wrists to those of scapholunate dissociated wrists, and to those of wrists after each of the three reconstruction methods. SWT and MHT were effective solutions for reducing the widening in scapholunate distance. According to the radioscaphoid angle, all three reconstruction techniques were effective in addressing the flexion deformity of the scaphoid. According to the radiolunate angle, only SWT was effective in addressing the extension deformity of the lunate. In terms of scapholunate angle, only the results after SWT did not differ from those of the intact wrist. The SWT technique most effectively improved distraction intensity and rotational strength for the treatment of scapholunate dissociation. Taking into account the technical complexity of 3LT and MHT, SWT may be a more efficient technique to reduce operating time and minimize complications due to multiple incisions, transosseous tunnels, and complicated shuttling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomechanics of Sports Injuries)
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Review

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12 pages, 738 KiB  
Review
A Systematic Review of Bone Bruise Patterns following Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears: Insights into the Mechanism of Injury
by Sueen Sohn, Saad Mohammed AlShammari, Byung Jun Hwang and Man Soo Kim
Bioengineering 2024, 11(4), 396; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11040396 - 19 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1317
Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of bone bruises in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and the location of the bruises relative to the tibia and femur. Understanding the relative positions of these bone [...] Read more.
(1) Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the prevalence of bone bruises in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and the location of the bruises relative to the tibia and femur. Understanding the relative positions of these bone bruises could enhance our comprehension of the knee loading patterns that occur during an ACL injury. (2) Methods: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies that evaluated the presence of bone bruises following ACL injuries. Study selection, data extraction, and a systematic review were performed. (3) Results: Bone bruises were observed in 3207 cases (82.8%) at the lateral tibia plateau (LTP), 1608 cases (41.5%) at the medial tibia plateau (MTP), 2765 cases (71.4%) at the lateral femoral condyle (LFC), and 1257 cases (32.4%) at the medial femoral condyle (MFC). Of the 30 studies, 11 were able to assess the anterior to posterior direction. The posterior LTP and center LFC were the most common areas of bone bruises. Among the 30 studies, 14 documented bone bruises across all four sites (LTP, MTP, LFC, and MFC). The most common pattern was bone bruises appearing at the LTP and LFC. (4) Conclusions: The most frequently observed pattern of bone bruises was restricted to the lateral aspects of both the tibia and femur. In cases where bone bruises were present on both the lateral and medial sides, those on the lateral side exhibited greater severity. The positioning of bone bruises along the front–back axis indicated a forward shift of the tibia in relation to the femur during ACL injuries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomechanics of Sports Injuries)
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