Uncovering the Mechanisms of Plant Salinity Stress Response and Tolerance

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 July 2025 | Viewed by 3947

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Soil and Plant Microbiology, EEZ-CSIC (Estación Experimental del Zaidin-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), E-18100 Granada, Spain
Interests: abscisic acid; aquaporins; drought, ethylene; jasmonic acid; mycorrhizal fungi; salinity; soil bacteria; water relations
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil salinity is one of the main causes of crop yield reduction and plant species distribution around the world. Plants have developed a wide range of mechanisms to cope with soil salinity, ranging from physiological to molecular ones. Salinity effects on plants can be divided into osmotic and toxic ones. Therefore, responses of plants to salinity resemble that against drought stress, but there are other specific responses to salt stress such as toxic ion detoxification. Although the responses of plants to salinity have been extensively studied in the last decades, more research is still needed to understand how plants respond and tolerate salt stress.

We are pleased to invite you to submit primary research, reviews or methodological manuscripts dealing with the response of plants to salt stress. Ideally, manuscripts should deal with physiological (water relations, photosynthesis, nutrient uptake and assimilation, etc.), biochemical (antioxidant systems, primary and secondary metabolism, hormonal changes, etc.) and molecular (gene expression, genetic resources, transgenic plants, molecular signaling, etc.) responses. Manuscripts that combine different levels of research are encouraged, along with those including different organism levels (from the whole plant to the cell). Additionally, studies dealing with the interaction between plants and beneficial microorganisms are welcomed, with the focus on plant responses. These subjects are in complete accordance with the scope of the journal Biology. Hence, this Special Issue aims to advance the knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the response and tolerance of plants to salt stress.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Ricardo Aroca
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • genetic resources
  • ion toxicity
  • molecular signalling
  • nutrient uptake
  • plant hormones
  • soil beneficial microorganisms
  • water relations

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 2772 KiB  
Article
Carrabiitol®, a Novel Oligosaccharide Polyol Composition, Mitigates the Impact of Flooding, Drought, Salinity, and High Temperature in Tomato
by Femida Yunus Patel, Kaushal Kishore Upreti, Ramanna Hunashikatti Laxman and Neil Jaykumar Shah
Biology 2024, 13(5), 356; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13050356 - 19 May 2024
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Abstract
Abiotic stress results in various physiological and biochemical changes in plants. Osmolytes play a pivotal role in improving the tolerance to abiotic stress in plants. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a commercial formulation, Carrabiitol®, an oligosaccharide polyol composition, in alleviating [...] Read more.
Abiotic stress results in various physiological and biochemical changes in plants. Osmolytes play a pivotal role in improving the tolerance to abiotic stress in plants. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a commercial formulation, Carrabiitol®, an oligosaccharide polyol composition, in alleviating adverse impacts of abiotic stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. var. Arka Rakshak) plants. Plants were raised from seed and treated with 1 mL/L, 2 mL/L, and 3 mL/L of Carrabiitol®. The foliage of developing plants was treated at the 2–3 leaf stage (T2, T3, and T4) and at pre-flowering stage (T5, T6, and T7). Growth conditions were compared with those of plants developed from untreated seed (T1). Developing tomato plants were then exposed to flooding, salinity (50 mM NaCl), high temperature (41.1 °C), or drought at the flowering stage. Plants were evaluated for their dry weight, leaf water potential, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, antioxidant potential, chlorophyll, carotenoid, glucose, sucrose, malondialdehyde, and proline contents. Pre-treated seed, which received a booster treatment at the 2–3 leaf stage (T4 = seed treatment and booster at the 2–3 leaf stage with 3 mL/L Carrabiitol®) and pre-flowering stages (T5, T6, and T7 = seed treatment and booster doses at the pre-flowering stage with 1, 2, and 3 mL/L Carrabiitol®, respectively), was effective in mitigating negative impacts on various growth parameters of stressed tomato plants (p < 0.05). Carrabiitol® may be an effective, sustainable, and bio-rational organic osmolyte formulation for reducing the effects of abiotic stress on plant growth and productivity. Full article
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Review

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27 pages, 1667 KiB  
Review
Regulatory Dynamics of Plant Hormones and Transcription Factors under Salt Stress
by Muhammad Aizaz, Lubna, Rahmatullah Jan, Sajjad Asaf, Saqib Bilal, Kyung-Min Kim and Ahmed AL-Harrasi
Biology 2024, 13(9), 673; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13090673 - 29 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1990
Abstract
The negative impacts of soil salinization on ion homeostasis provide a significant global barrier to agricultural production and development. Plant physiology and biochemistry are severely affected by primary and secondary NaCl stress impacts, which damage cellular integrity, impair water uptake, and trigger physiological [...] Read more.
The negative impacts of soil salinization on ion homeostasis provide a significant global barrier to agricultural production and development. Plant physiology and biochemistry are severely affected by primary and secondary NaCl stress impacts, which damage cellular integrity, impair water uptake, and trigger physiological drought. Determining how transcriptional factors (TFs) and hormone networks are regulated in plants in response to salt stress is necessary for developing crops that tolerate salt. This study investigates the complex mechanisms of several significant TF families that influence plant responses to salt stress, involving AP2/ERF, bZIP, NAC, MYB, and WRKY. It demonstrates how these transcription factors (TFs) help plants respond to the detrimental effects of salinity by modulating gene expression through mechanisms including hormone signaling, osmotic stress pathway activation, and ion homeostasis. Additionally, it explores the hormonal imbalances triggered by salt stress, which entail complex interactions among phytohormones like jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and abscisic acid (ABA) within the hormonal regulatory networks. This review highlights the regulatory role of key transcription factors in salt-stress response, and their interaction with plant hormones is crucial for developing genome-edited crops that can enhance agricultural sustainability and address global food security challenges. Full article
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