Emerging Trends in Kidney Disease

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 1632

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, ARNAS “Brotzu”, Cagliari, Italy
Interests: clinical nephrology; kidney biopsy; renal pathology; glomerular diseases; ultrasound in nephrology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The field of nephrology is experiencing an unprecedented era of discovery and innovation, making it an incredibly exciting time for researchers and clinicians. Recent advances in our understanding of kidney disease are leading to breakthroughs in diagnosis, treatment, and patient care, and we are thrilled to highlight these developments in a Special Issue of Biomedicines.

In the area of glomerular diseases and vasculitis, novel therapeutic agents are emerging that target specific molecular pathways, offering new hope for patients with previously refractory conditions. For instance, advancements in the treatment of IgA nephropathy and ANCA-associated vasculitis showcase the potential of precision medicine in nephrology.

Dialysis care is also evolving rapidly with innovations that challenge old assumptions and improve patient outcomes. New strategies for advancing care planning and managing dialysis-related complications set new standards for patient safety and quality of life.

In transplantation, the groundbreaking xenotransplantation trials mark significant progress in this field.

Pediatric nephrology is making significant strides, highlighting the importance of early intervention, in particular, pioneering treatments for severe congenital conditions that can improve survival rates.

These advancements underscore a vibrant period of innovation in nephrology. We invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Biomedicines, sharing your research findings, clinical insights, and innovative approaches. Your contributions will help shape the future of kidney disease treatment and management, advancing scientific knowledge and significantly impacting patient care and outcomes.

Dr. Andrea Angioi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • kidney disease
  • glomerular diseases
  • vasculitis
  • dialysis
  • hypertension
  • pediatric nephrology
  • transplantation
  • precision medicine
  • therapeutic advancements

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 590 KiB  
Article
Osteopontin and Clinical Outcomes in Hemodialysis Patients
by Claudia Torino, Federico Carbone, Patrizia Pizzini, Sabrina Mezzatesta, Graziella D’Arrigo, Mercedes Gori, Luca Liberale, Margherita Moriero, Cristina Michelauz, Federica Frè, Simone Isoppo, Aurora Gavoci, Federica La Rosa, Alessandro Scuricini, Amedeo Tirandi, Davide Ramoni, Francesca Mallamaci, Giovanni Tripepi, Fabrizio Montecucco and Carmine Zoccali
Biomedicines 2024, 12(11), 2605; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12112605 - 14 Nov 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are significant public health issues, with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality being the leading causes of death in hemodialysis patients. Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional glycoprotein, has emerged as a potential biomarker for vascular disease [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) are significant public health issues, with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality being the leading causes of death in hemodialysis patients. Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional glycoprotein, has emerged as a potential biomarker for vascular disease in CKD due to its role in inflammation, tissue remodeling, and calcification. Methods: This cohort study included 1124 hemodialysis patients from the PROGREDIRE study, a registry involving 35 dialysis units in Southern Italy. Serum osteopontin levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The primary endpoints were all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the association between osteopontin levels and mortality, adjusting for traditional risk factors, biomarkers of inflammation, nutritional status, and ESKD-related factors. Results: During a mean follow-up of 2.8 years, 478 patients died, 271 from cardiovascular causes. Independent correlates of osteopontin included alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone. Elevated osteopontin levels were significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.09–1.31, p < 0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.08–1.38, p = 0.001) after adjusting for confounders. Conclusions: Elevated osteopontin levels are associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients. These findings implicate osteopontin in the high risk for death and cardiovascular disease in the hemodialysis population. Intervention studies are needed to definitively test this hypothesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends in Kidney Disease)
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Review

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32 pages, 1387 KiB  
Review
Dyslipidemia in Peritoneal Dialysis: Implications for Peritoneal Membrane Function and Patient Outcomes
by Natalia Stepanova
Biomedicines 2024, 12(10), 2377; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12102377 - 17 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic complication in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and has traditionally been viewed primarily in terms of cardiovascular risk. Current guidelines do not recommend initiating lipid-lowering therapy in dialysis patients due to insufficient evidence of its benefits on cardiovascular [...] Read more.
Dyslipidemia is a common metabolic complication in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and has traditionally been viewed primarily in terms of cardiovascular risk. Current guidelines do not recommend initiating lipid-lowering therapy in dialysis patients due to insufficient evidence of its benefits on cardiovascular mortality. However, the impact of dyslipidemia in PD patients may extend beyond cardiovascular concerns, influencing PD-related outcomes such as the peritoneal ultrafiltration rate, residual kidney function, PD technique survival, and overall mortality. This review challenges the traditional perspective by discussing dyslipidemia’s potential role in PD-related complications, which may account for the observed link between dyslipidemia and increased all-cause mortality in PD patients. It explores the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia in PD, the molecular mechanisms linking dyslipidemia to peritoneal membrane dysfunction, and summarizes clinical evidence supporting this hypothesis. In addition, this paper examines the potential for therapeutic strategies to manage dyslipidemia to improve peritoneal membrane function and patient outcomes. The review calls for future research to investigate dyslipidemia as a potential contributor to peritoneal membrane dysfunction and to develop targeted interventions for PD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging Trends in Kidney Disease)
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