Tissue Engineering and Advanced Materials in Dental and Craniofacial Rehabilitation

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 3272

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 230, 10126 Torino, Italy
Interests: dentistry; bone tissue engineering; dental implants; dental materials; oral rehabilitation
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Guest Editor
CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
Interests: bone regeneration; biomaterials; dental implants; MSCs differentiation; bone substitute materials; biological interfaces
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
CIR Dental School, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
Interests: bone regeneration; biomaterials; dental implants; MSCs differentiation; bone substitute materials; biological interfaces
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The remarkable advancements of stem cell biology and the progress in bio-material science are prompting the impressive development of protocols based on regenerative techniques in dental and craniofacial fields. Clinical applications have seldom benefited from the translation of the most compelling advancements of basic research. However, partial dental regeneration and periodontal ligament engineering are no longer wishful tasks, but rather the focus of current dental scientists. Likewise, the three-dimensional reconstruction of large bone defects has become conceivable through 3d bio-printing, and the improvement of the interface of biomaterials has been achieved using a large variety of surface modification techniques. These advancements are constantly pushing the boundaries further, bridging the gap between research and clinical application. As the Guest Editors of this Special Issue, which will be published in Biomedicines, we invite submissions from colleagues who have experience in dental and craniofacial rehabilitation, especially those based on stem cell biology and/or material science and who are experts in tissue engineering and/or advanced biomedical devices.

This Special Issue aims to be a report on the state of the art of basic, translational, and clinical research in the dental and craniofacial field that can provide fellow DDSs, MDs, biologists, bio-engineers and material scientists with information on advanced rehabilitation perspectives.

This Special Issue will cover but not be limited to the following topics:

  • Bases of bone physiology;
  • Biomaterials in use in dentistry and craniofacial surgery;
  • 3d printing of biomaterials;
  • Osseointegrated implant surface modification;
  • Thin-film coatings for anti-microbial application;
  • Surgical techniques of bone regeneration;
  • Regeneration aspects in conservative dentistry;
  • Regeneration aspects in periodontal therapy and dental implantology;
  • Mesenchymal stem cells;
  • State-of-the-art clinical applications of stem cells in bone regeneration.

It is our pleasure to invite you to submit a manuscript for this Special Issue. Full papers, communications, and reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Giulio Preti
Dr. Federico Mussano
Dr. Davide Cavagnetto
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 5983 KiB  
Article
Senescent Markers Expressed by Periodontal Ligament-Derived Stem Cells (PDLSCs) Harvested from Patients with Periodontitis Can Be Rejuvenated by RG108
by Ilaria Roato, Giacomo Baima, Clarissa Orrico, Alessandro Mosca Balma, Daniela Alotto, Federica Romano, Riccardo Ferracini, Mario Aimetti and Federico Mussano
Biomedicines 2023, 11(9), 2535; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11092535 - 14 Sep 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1204
Abstract
Periodontal ligament (PDL) has become an elective source of mesenchymal stem cells (PDLSCs) in dentistry. This research aimed to compare healthy PDLSCs (hPDLSCs) and periodontitis PDLSCs (pPDLSCs) to ascertain any possible functional differences owing to their milieux of origin. Cells were tested in [...] Read more.
Periodontal ligament (PDL) has become an elective source of mesenchymal stem cells (PDLSCs) in dentistry. This research aimed to compare healthy PDLSCs (hPDLSCs) and periodontitis PDLSCs (pPDLSCs) to ascertain any possible functional differences owing to their milieux of origin. Cells were tested in terms of colony-forming unit efficiency; multi differentiating capacity; immunophenotype, stemness, and senescent state were studied by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and β-galactosidase staining; gene expression using RT-PCR. Both hPDLSCs and pPDLSCs were comparable in terms of their immunophenotype and multilineage differentiation capabilities, but pPDLSCs showed a senescent phenotype more frequently. Thus, a selective small molecule inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), RG108, known for its effect on senescence, was used to possibly reverse this phenotype. RG108 did not affect the proliferation and apoptosis of PDLSCs, and it showed little effect on hPDLSCs, while a significant reduction of both p16 and p21 was detected along with an increase of SOX2 and OCT4 in pPDLSCs after treatment at 100 μM RG108. Moreover, the subset of PDLSCs co-expressing OCT4 and p21 decreased, and adipogenic potential increased in pPDLSCs after treatment. pPDLSCs displayed a senescent phenotype that could be reversed, opening new perspectives for the treatment of periodontitis. Full article
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15 pages, 2627 KiB  
Article
Could Local Application of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-α Enhancer Deferoxamine Be Promising for Preventing of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw?
by Gül Merve Yalcin-Ülker, Murat Günbatan, Gonca Duygu, Merva Soluk-Tekkesin and Ceyda Özcakir-Tomruk
Biomedicines 2023, 11(3), 758; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11030758 - 2 Mar 2023
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Abstract
This experimental study investigates the prophylactic effect of deferoxamine (DFO) on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Thirty-six female Sprague Dawley rats received zoledronic acid (ZA) for eight weeks to create an osteonecrosis model. DFO was locally applied into the extraction sockets with [...] Read more.
This experimental study investigates the prophylactic effect of deferoxamine (DFO) on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Thirty-six female Sprague Dawley rats received zoledronic acid (ZA) for eight weeks to create an osteonecrosis model. DFO was locally applied into the extraction sockets with gelatin sponge (GS) carriers to prevent MRONJ. The specimens were histopathologically and histomorphometrically evaluated. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) protein levels in the extraction sockets were quantified. New bone formation rate differed significantly between groups (p = 0.005). Newly formed bone ratios in the extraction sockets did not differ significantly between the control group and the GS (p = 1), GS/DFO (p = 0.749), ZA (p = 0.105), ZA-GS (p = 0.474), and ZA-GS/DFO (p = 1) groups. While newly formed bone rates were higher in the ZA-GS and ZA-GS/DFO groups than in the ZA group, the differences were not significant. HIF-1α levels differed significantly between groups (p < 0.001) and were significantly higher in the DFO and ZA-GS/DFO groups than in the control group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively). While HIF-1α levels were higher in the ZA-GS/DFO group than in the ZA group, the difference was not significant. While HIF-1α protein levels and new bone formation rate were elevated in the DFO-treated group, the effect was not significant. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand DFO’s preventative effects on MRONJ and the role of HIF-1α in MRONJ pathogenesis. Full article
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