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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Role of Melatonin in Health and Disease
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Role of Melatonin in Health and Disease

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 19087

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Laura Lõpez-Pingarrõn

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, Legal and Forensic Medicine, University of Zaragoza. Calle Domingo Miral s/n, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
Interests: aging and oxidative stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Synthesized melatonin, with circadian rhythmicity by the pineal gland, and by other tissues in humans, is fundamentally known as a regulator of the wake-sleep cycle, and for its antioxidant capacity, by purifying free radicals generated in oxidative stress reactions. Environmental darkness stimulates its synthesis, while the presence of light and other factors, such as age, decrease it. In regards to the mechanism of action of this indolamine, at least three types of membrane receptors and nuclear receptors of the RZR/ROR type have also been identified.

In addition to jet lag, due to its physiological decrease with age, melatonin is used to prevent processes derived from aging. It is an essential molecule in the treatment of diseases related to chronodisruption, such as accelerated aging; sleep and mood disorders; cognitive impairment, due to its neuroprotective capacity; metabolic syndrome; cardiovascular diseases; some types of cancer. Due to its function, not only antioxidant, but also anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory, its therapeutic indications are expanding at the level of transplant medicine. Recently, the use of melatonin in infections such as that caused by COVID-19 has been proposed.

As a result of its broad physiological actions and its potential beneficial effects, together with its high bioavailability and little or no toxicity, melatonin has been proposed as a safe and effective treatment for numerous diseases.

Dr. Laura Lõpez-Pingarrõn
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • melatonin
  • pineal gland
  • sleep-wake cycle
  • chronodisruption
  • oxidative stress
  • aging
  • neuroprotector

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1536 KiB  
Article
Melatonin Preserves Fluidity in Cell and Mitochondrial Membranes against Hepatic Ischemia–Reperfusion
by Eduardo Esteban-Zubero, Laura López-Pingarrón, José Manuel Ramírez, Marcos César Reyes-Gonzales, Francisco Javier Azúa-Romeo, Marisol Soria-Aznar, Ahmad Agil and José Joaquín García
Biomedicines 2023, 11(7), 1940; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071940 - 8 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1504
Abstract
We evaluated the in vivo effects of melatonin treatment on oxidative damage in the liver in an experimental model of ischemia–reperfusion. A total of 37 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, ischemia, ischemia + reperfusion, and ischemia + reperfusion [...] Read more.
We evaluated the in vivo effects of melatonin treatment on oxidative damage in the liver in an experimental model of ischemia–reperfusion. A total of 37 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, ischemia, ischemia + reperfusion, and ischemia + reperfusion + melatonin. Hepatic ischemia was maintained for 20 min, and the clamp was removed to initiate vascular reperfusion for 30 min. Melatonin (50 mg/kg body weight) was intraperitoneally administered. Fluidity was measured by polarization changes in 1-(4-trimethylammoniumphenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene-p-toluene sulfonate). After 20 min of ischemia, no significant changes were observed in cell and mitochondrial membrane fluidity levels, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation. However, after 30 min of reperfusion, membrane fluidity decreased compared to controls. Increases in lipid and protein oxidation were also seen in hepatic homogenates of animals exposed to reperfusion. Melatonin injected 30 min before ischemia and reperfusion fully prevented membrane rigidity and both lipid and protein oxidation. Livers from ischemia–reperfusion showed histopathological alterations and positive labeling with antibodies to oxidized lipids and proteins. Melatonin reduced the severity of these morphological changes and protected against in vivo ischemia–reperfusion-induced toxicity in the liver. Therefore, melatonin might be a candidate for co-treatment for patients with hepatic vascular occlusion followed by reperfusion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Melatonin in Health and Disease)
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14 pages, 2708 KiB  
Article
Influence of Various Light Regimes on Morphofunctional Condition of Transplantable Melanoma B16
by David A. Areshidze, Maria A. Kozlova, Maxim V. Mnikhovich, Tatyana V. Bezuglova, Valery P. Chernikov, Zarina V. Gioeva and Aleksey V. Borisov
Biomedicines 2023, 11(4), 1135; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041135 - 10 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1452
Abstract
A study of the morphofunctional condition of mice with transplantable melanoma B16 under the influence of a normal daylight regime, constant lighting and constant darkness was conducted. It was shown that exposure to constant lighting leads to intensification of the proliferation of melanoma [...] Read more.
A study of the morphofunctional condition of mice with transplantable melanoma B16 under the influence of a normal daylight regime, constant lighting and constant darkness was conducted. It was shown that exposure to constant lighting leads to intensification of the proliferation of melanoma cells, more significant growth and spread of the tumor, the development of more pronounced secondary changes, the presence of perivascular growth and an increase in perineural invasion. At the same time, keeping of animals in constant darkness significantly reduced the intensity of the proliferative process in the tumor and lead to tumor regression in the absence of signs of lympho-, intravascular and intraneural invasion. Intergroup differences in tumor cell status were confirmed by the results of micromorphometric studies. It was also shown that the expression of clock genes was suppressed by an exposure to constant light, while an influence of constant darkness, on contrary, led to its intensification. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Melatonin in Health and Disease)
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Review

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18 pages, 616 KiB  
Review
Melatonin as a Coadjuvant in the Treatment of Patients with Fibromyalgia
by David González-Flores, Laura López-Pingarrón, María Yolanda Castaño, María Ángeles Gómez, Ana B. Rodríguez, Joaquín J. García and María Garrido
Biomedicines 2023, 11(7), 1964; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071964 - 12 Jul 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3717
Abstract
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic widespread pain syndrome that is accompanied by fatigue, sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, lack of concentration, and neurocognitive impairment. As the currently available drugs are not completely successful against these symptoms and frequently have several side effects, many [...] Read more.
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a chronic widespread pain syndrome that is accompanied by fatigue, sleep disturbances, anxiety, depression, lack of concentration, and neurocognitive impairment. As the currently available drugs are not completely successful against these symptoms and frequently have several side effects, many scientists have taken on the task of looking for nonpharmacological remedies. Many of the FMS-related symptoms have been suggested to be associated with an altered pattern of endogenous melatonin. Melatonin is involved in the regulation of several physiological processes, including circadian rhythms, pain, mood, and oxidative as well as immunomodulatory balance. Preliminary clinical studies have propounded that the administration of different doses of melatonin to patients with FMS can reduce pain levels and ameliorate mood and sleep disturbances. Moreover, the total antioxidant capacity, 6-sulfatoxymelatonin and urinary cortisol levels, and other biological parameters improve after the ingestion of melatonin. Recent investigations have proposed a pathophysiological relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and FMS by looking at certain proteins involved in mitochondrial homeostasis according to the etiopathogenesis of this syndrome. These improvements exert positive effects on the quality of life of FMS patients, suggesting that the use of melatonin as a coadjuvant may be a successful strategy for the management of this syndrome. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Melatonin in Health and Disease)
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18 pages, 1274 KiB  
Review
The Role of Melatonin in Pregnancy and the Health Benefits for the Newborn
by Rosita Verteramo, Matteo Pierdomenico, Pantaleo Greco and Carmelia Milano
Biomedicines 2022, 10(12), 3252; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123252 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 11246
Abstract
In the last few years, there have been significant evolutions in the understanding of the hormone melatonin in terms of its physiology, regulatory role, and potential utility in various domains of clinical medicine. Melatonin’s properties include, among others, the regulation of mitochondrial function, [...] Read more.
In the last few years, there have been significant evolutions in the understanding of the hormone melatonin in terms of its physiology, regulatory role, and potential utility in various domains of clinical medicine. Melatonin’s properties include, among others, the regulation of mitochondrial function, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and neuro-protective effects, sleep promotion and immune enhancement. As it is also bioavailable and has little or no toxicity, it has been proposed as safe and effective for the treatment of numerous diseases and to preserve human health. In this manuscript, we tried to evaluate the role of melatonin at the beginning of human life, in pregnancy, in the fetus and in newborns through newly published literature studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Role of Melatonin in Health and Disease)
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