Recent Advances in Oral Medicine

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 10343

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, School of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry in Zabrze, SUM, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Pl. Akademicki 17, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
Interests: oral medicine; head and neck cancer; oral pathology; oral manifestations of systemic diseases
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Guest Editor
1. Department of Pathology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
2. Silesia LabMed: Centre for Research and Implementation, Katowice, Poland
Interests: use of natural product in the treatment in neoplastic diseases; mechanism of biological activity of natural compounds
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are delighted to invite you to submit your latest research and insights for consideration to a Special Issue on oral medicine, an interdisciplinary field that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases and conditions that affect the mouth and surrounding structures. This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for the dissemination of high-quality research that advances the understanding and treatment of oral diseases. We welcome submissions from researchers, clinicians, and academics from around the world who are working in areas related to oral medicine, including, but not limited to:

  • Oral cancer, benign oral neoplasms, and reactive oral pathologies;
  • Salivary gland disorders;
  • Orofacial pain;
  • Oral mucosa diseases;
  • Periodontal diseases;
  • Hereditary oro-facial disturbances,

We also encourage submissions that address broader topics, such as oral health disparities and emerging technologies and techniques. We welcome contributions from a broad range of topics related to oral pathology, oral microbiology, oral oncology, oral immunology, and oro-facial manifestations of systemic diseases. Authors are encouraged to submit original research and reviews that address important questions in oral medicine.

The global increase in polypharmacy and multidirectional interactions is deemed to induce or aggravate allergic/autoimmune reactions affecting oral health. In addition, novel systemic therapies based on monoclonal antibodies, CAR-T/CRISPR biotechnology, and bisphosphonates can impact the function/integrity of oral tissue. Inevitably, it is predicted that demographic change and extended life spans are risk factors of more prevalent oral pathologies in medically compromised individuals afflicted with complex underlying conditions. Lastly, in the light of COVD-19 pandemic, some infectious systemic diseases possess a real threat to the oral environment.   

Dr. Arkadiusz Dziedzic
Dr. Robert Kubina
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • oral medicine
  • oral manifestations of systemic conditions
  • drug-induced lesions
  • oral pathologies
  • head and neck cancer
  • autoimmune
  • oral lesions
  • bisphosphonates
  • systemic pharmacotherapy
  • infectious diseases

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 260 KiB  
Article
Testing Reported Associations of Gene Variants with Non-Syndromic Orofacial Clefts in the Polish Population
by Alicja Zawiślak, Krzysztof Woźniak, Gianluca Tartaglia, Beata Kawala, Satish Gupta, Anna Znamirowska-Bajowska, Katarzyna Grocholewicz, Jan Lubiński and Anna Jakubowska
Biomedicines 2024, 12(8), 1700; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081700 - 31 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 839
Abstract
Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the second most common birth defect worldwide. The etiology of OFCs involves complex interactions between genetics and environment. Advances in genomic technologies have identified gene variants associated with OFCs. This study aimed to investigate whether selected SNPs in the [...] Read more.
Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the second most common birth defect worldwide. The etiology of OFCs involves complex interactions between genetics and environment. Advances in genomic technologies have identified gene variants associated with OFCs. This study aimed to investigate whether selected SNPs in the MYH9, MTHFR, MAFB, and SUMO1 genes influence the occurrence of non-syndromic OFCs in the Polish population. The study included 209 individuals with non-syndromic OFCs and 418 healthy controls. Saliva and umbilical cord blood samples were collected for DNA extraction. Four SNPs in the MYH9, MTHFR, MAFB, and SUMO1 genes were genotyped using real-time PCR-based TaqMan assays. Statistical analysis was performed using logistic regression to assess the association between SNPs and OFCs. A significant association was found between the rs7078 CC polymorphism and OFCs (OR = 3.22, CI 1.68–6.17, p < 0.001). No significant associations were identified for the rs1081131, rs13041247, and rs3769817 polymorphisms. The research indicates that the rs7078 polymorphism significantly influences the occurrence of orofacial cleft palate in the Polish population, whereas the rs3769817, rs1801131, and rs13041247 SNPs do not show such a correlation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Oral Medicine)
11 pages, 1072 KiB  
Communication
The Analysis of Selected miRNAs and Target MDM2 Gene Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
by Karolina Gołąbek, Dorota Hudy, Jadwiga Gaździcka, Katarzyna Miśkiewicz-Orczyk, Magdalena Nowak-Chmura, Marek Asman, Katarzyna Komosińska-Vassev, Wojciech Ścierski, Wojciech Golusiński, Maciej Misiołek and Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
Biomedicines 2023, 11(11), 3053; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11113053 - 14 Nov 2023
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Abstract
MiRNAs could play an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. The oncoprotein MDM2 (murine double minute 2) was identified as a negative regulator of the tumour suppressor p53. This study aims to analyse the expression of the MDM2 target miRNA candidates (miR-3613-3p, miR-371b-5p [...] Read more.
MiRNAs could play an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. The oncoprotein MDM2 (murine double minute 2) was identified as a negative regulator of the tumour suppressor p53. This study aims to analyse the expression of the MDM2 target miRNA candidates (miR-3613-3p, miR-371b-5p and miR-3658) and the MDM2 gene in oral squamous cell carcinoma tumour and margin samples and their association with the selected socio-demographic and clinicopathological characteristics. The study group consisted of 50 patients. The miRNAs and MDM2 gene expression levels were assessed by qPCR. The expression analysis of the miRNAs showed the expression of only one of them, i.e., miR-3613-3p. We found no statistically significant differences in the miR-3613-3p expression in tumour samples compared to the margin samples. When analysing the effect of smoking on miR-3613-3p expression, we demonstrated a statistically significant difference between smokers and non-smokers. In addition, we showed an association between the miR-3613-3p expression level and some clinical parameters in tumour samples (T, N and G). Our study demonstrates that miR-3613-3p overexpression is involved in the tumour progression of OSCC. This indicates that miR-3613-3p possesses potential prognostic values. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Oral Medicine)
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14 pages, 2898 KiB  
Article
Estimation of Cancellous Changes Using Fractal Analysis in Patients with Periodontitis
by Sukanya Mishra, Manoj Kumar, Lora Mishra, Swagatika Panda, Saurav Panda, Natalia Lewkowicz and Barbara Lapinska
Biomedicines 2023, 11(9), 2547; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11092547 - 16 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1425
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a broad term given when the periodontium is affected by inflammation. There are several methods to diagnose periodontitis, but no method to quantify the cancellous bone is presently used. For this purpose, a non-invasive tool that is efficient in analyzing [...] Read more.
Periodontal disease is a broad term given when the periodontium is affected by inflammation. There are several methods to diagnose periodontitis, but no method to quantify the cancellous bone is presently used. For this purpose, a non-invasive tool that is efficient in analyzing bone quality called fractal analysis can be employed. The objective of the study was to utilize fractal dimension (FD) to evaluate cancellous patterns of interproximal alveolar bone using a digital intraoral periapical radiograph (IOPAR) in different clinical presentations of periodontitis classified according to the latest classification by the World Workshop for Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions, 2017 (WWDC, 2017). The study aimed to numerically calculate the periodontitis changes in the cancellous bone around the affected tooth on an IOPAR using fractal analysis and to provide an additional criterion for the staging of periodontitis. In this cross-sectional observational study, 75 patients were selected and equally allotted to five groups based on the staging system proposed by the WWDC, 2017. The region of interest was selected on the IOPA radiograph of the tooth with the site having the most significant clinical attachment loss, and FD was calculated using Image J analysis. The association of gender and age with stages of periodontitis was studied using the chi-square test of independence. A comparison of % bone loss and fractal dimension among stages was studied by using the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test. The relationship between % bone loss and fractal dimension within stages and gender was studied by using the Karl Pearson correlation. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for FD value as a marker of periodontitis patients. We demonstrated that the FD values decreased significantly with the increase in stages (p < 0.0001). The overall relationship between % bone loss and FD showed a significantly strong negative correlation of −0.739 (p < 0.0001), except for stages III and IV. FD can be utilized as a quantitative method for detecting cancellous bone changes in different stages of periodontitis, aiding in diagnosing periodontitis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Oral Medicine)
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12 pages, 4335 KiB  
Case Report
Traumatic Neuroma of the Hard Palate Mimicking a Small Salivary Gland Tumor—A Case Report
by Kamil Nelke, Maciej Janeczek, Edyta Pasicka, Krzysztof Żak, Marceli Łukaszewski, Jan Nienartowicz, Grzegorz Gogolewski, Irma Maag, Piotr Kuropka and Maciej Dobrzyński
Biomedicines 2024, 12(8), 1688; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081688 - 29 Jul 2024
Viewed by 2498
Abstract
In the case of any pathologies arising in the hard palate, it is always important to exclude their possible odontogenic origins. Cone-beam computed tomography is mandatory. In cases where a possible non-teeth-related pathology is confirmed, each clinician should remember possible differential diagnostics. Many [...] Read more.
In the case of any pathologies arising in the hard palate, it is always important to exclude their possible odontogenic origins. Cone-beam computed tomography is mandatory. In cases where a possible non-teeth-related pathology is confirmed, each clinician should remember possible differential diagnostics. Many small salivary glands between the mucosa and bone are present in this palatal area. Both benign and malignant tumors arising from the small glands, and mucosa of the hard palate, might occur. The case presented here mimics a solid tumor because of the nodule consistency. Because of a healthy palatal mucosa without any erosions or irritations with firm attachment to the submucosal nodule, a possible malignant tumor of small salivary gland origins was suspected in this case. When the tumor diameter is small, an excisional biopsy is required to collect good and representative material for further histopathological evaluation. In most cases, bulky nodules present on the palate are hard on palpation, non-movable, and covered with healthy mucosa. Possible bone infiltrations with mucous membrane ulcerations could manifest a more expansive character of the lesion. In the presented case, an unusual occurrence of a traumatic neuroma without any past traumatic etiology of the palate was first differentiated from the occurrence of adenoid-cystic carcinoma (ACC), pleomorphic adenoma, other benign/malignant small gland tumors, or atypical, fibroma/schwannoma of the palate. This paper presents treatment options for this rare oral neural tumor occurrence in the palate and differential diagnosis between hard palate tumors in a 42-year-old male patient, furthermore highlighting the role of an excisional biopsy as a good source for a tissue sample. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Oral Medicine)
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16 pages, 1888 KiB  
Case Report
Oral Lesions as the Primary Manifestations of Behçet’s Disease: The Importance of Interdisciplinary Diagnostics—A Case Report
by Alvaro Cavalheiro Soares, Fabio Ramoa Pires, Nara Regina de Oliveira Quintanilha, Lilian Rocha Santos, Thaylla Nunez Amin Dick, Arkadiusz Dziedzic and Bruna Lavinas Sayed Picciani
Biomedicines 2023, 11(7), 1882; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071882 - 3 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3385
Abstract
Background: Behçet’s disease (BD) is a rare chronic auto-inflammatory systemic disease with non-specific oral manifestations, categorised as generalised variable vessel vasculitis that requires an interdisciplinary approach to diagnose due to its phenotypic heterogeneity. Whilst the oral lesions that reoccur in BD underpin the [...] Read more.
Background: Behçet’s disease (BD) is a rare chronic auto-inflammatory systemic disease with non-specific oral manifestations, categorised as generalised variable vessel vasculitis that requires an interdisciplinary approach to diagnose due to its phenotypic heterogeneity. Whilst the oral lesions that reoccur in BD underpin the complex diagnostic process, the crucial role of dental professionals is highlighted in a case report summarised herein. We present a case of a 47-year-old male referred to the Oral Medicine Department by a rheumatologist after previous hospitalization for thrombosis of the iliac vein and inferior vena cava. He had elevated inflammatory C-reactive protein biomarker and an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Recurrent episodes of folliculitis, oral and genital ulcers were reported. Clinical examination revealed multiple ulcerations in the oral mucosa. The complementary, histopathological analysis performed to rule out other disorders, based on excisional biopsy, showed non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium with areas of exocytosis and ulceration. The connective tissue presented an intense mixed inflammatory infiltrate, congested blood vessels, haemorrhage, vasculitis, and HLA-B genotyping identified the expression of HLA-B15, further supporting the BD diagnosis. Treatment was initiated with colchicine, prednisolone, and weekly subcutaneous administration of methotrexate and resulted in the complete remission of oral lesions and no recurrence of other manifestations. Conclusions: This BD case report emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in diagnosing BD, including the use of histopathological assessment and genetic profiling. It highlights the significance of thorough intraoral assessment and referral to a multidisciplinary team for diagnosis. The oral manifestations of BD as the primary symptoms often indicate underlying major systemic pathologies. The authors stress the need for a structured diagnostic algorithm to facilitate timely and effective management of BD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Oral Medicine)
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