Nervous System Injury, Regeneration, and Neuromodulation

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Neurobiology and Clinical Neuroscience".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2022) | Viewed by 12307

Special Issue Editor

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
Interests: spinal cord injury repair; human stem cell replacement; hypothermia; neuro-electrophysiology; neuromodulation; upconversion nanoparticles

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The socio-economic cost of neurotrauma in the younger generation and neurodegeneration in the elderly is still highest among all neurological disorders. Technological advancements of the past two decades have enabled scientists to accomplish remarkable progress in most basic science disciplines. Nevertheless, translating these achievements into clinically applicable medical tools is still challenging, and the bench-to-bedside transition often seems even more difficult. For instance, treating patients with spinal cord injury is a well-coordinated personalized multi-dimensional strategy, which may include an early hypothermia induction as a neuroprotection approach, acute medical and surgical management to remedy the hostile microenvironment and relieve pain, chronic stem cell replacement therapy, long-term rehabilitation, and functional electrical stimulation, similar complexities present in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and long-term care of progressive neurodegenerative conditions as well. This Special Issue of Biomedicines aims to provide a platform and promote networking among basic, translational, and clinical neuroscientists and neuroengineers to share their discoveries and innovations, including some themes such as, but not limited to, prevention, diagnosis, neuroprotection, and therapy of neuropathologies, and emphasizing neurotrauma and neurodegeneration. We welcome original articles and comprehensive reviews related to nanomedicine, drug delivery, regeneration, neuroprotection, optogenetics, neuromodulation, neuro-electrophysiology, and rehabilitation.

Dr. Angelo All
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nervous system injury
  • neurotrauma
  • neurodegeneration (prevention, diagnosis, and treatment)
  • regeneration
  • nanomedicine
  • optogenetics
  • neuromodulation

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

28 pages, 1798 KiB  
Review
Cell Reprogramming for Regeneration and Repair of the Nervous System
by Isaac H. Clark, Alex Roman, Emily Fellows, Swathi Radha, Susanna R. Var, Zachary Roushdy, Samuel M. Borer, Samantha Johnson, Olivia Chen, Jacob S. Borgida, Aleta Steevens, Anala Shetty, Phoebe Strell, Walter C. Low and Andrew W. Grande
Biomedicines 2022, 10(10), 2598; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10102598 - 17 Oct 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4078
Abstract
A persistent barrier to the cure and treatment of neurological diseases is the limited ability of the central and peripheral nervous systems to undergo neuroregeneration and repair. Recent efforts have turned to regeneration of various cell types through cellular reprogramming of native cells [...] Read more.
A persistent barrier to the cure and treatment of neurological diseases is the limited ability of the central and peripheral nervous systems to undergo neuroregeneration and repair. Recent efforts have turned to regeneration of various cell types through cellular reprogramming of native cells as a promising therapy to replenish lost or diminished cell populations in various neurological diseases. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the current viral vectors, genes of interest, and target cellular populations that have been studied, as well as the challenges and future directions of these novel therapies. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which cellular reprogramming could be optimized as treatment in neurological diseases and a review of the most recent cellular reprogramming in vitro and in vivo studies will also be discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nervous System Injury, Regeneration, and Neuromodulation)
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34 pages, 393 KiB  
Review
Review of Drug Therapy for Peripheral Facial Nerve Regeneration That Can Be Used in Actual Clinical Practice
by Soo Young Choi, Jung Min Kim, Junyang Jung, Dong Choon Park, Myung Chul Yoo, Sung Soo Kim, Sang Hoon Kim and Seung Geun Yeo
Biomedicines 2022, 10(7), 1678; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071678 - 12 Jul 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3924
Abstract
Although facial nerve palsy is not a life-threatening disease, facial asymmetry affects interpersonal relationships, causes psychological stress, and devastates human life. The treatment and rehabilitation of facial paralysis has many socio-economic costs. Therefore, in cases of facial paralysis, it is necessary to identify [...] Read more.
Although facial nerve palsy is not a life-threatening disease, facial asymmetry affects interpersonal relationships, causes psychological stress, and devastates human life. The treatment and rehabilitation of facial paralysis has many socio-economic costs. Therefore, in cases of facial paralysis, it is necessary to identify the cause and provide the best treatment. However, until now, complete recovery has been difficult regardless of the treatment used in cases of complete paralysis of unknown cause and cutting injury of the facial nerve due to disease or accident. Therefore, this article aims to contribute to the future treatment of facial paralysis by reviewing studies on drugs that aid in nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve damage. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nervous System Injury, Regeneration, and Neuromodulation)
13 pages, 641 KiB  
Review
Gut Microbiota–Brain Axis as a Potential Modulator of Psychological Stress after Spinal Cord Injury
by Samir Musleh-Vega, Jorge Ojeda and Pia M. Vidal
Biomedicines 2022, 10(4), 847; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10040847 - 4 Apr 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3678
Abstract
A growing body of evidence from preclinical and clinical studies has associated alterations of the gut microbiota–brain axis with the progression and development of a number of pathological conditions that also affect cognitive functions. Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can be produced from traumatic [...] Read more.
A growing body of evidence from preclinical and clinical studies has associated alterations of the gut microbiota–brain axis with the progression and development of a number of pathological conditions that also affect cognitive functions. Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) can be produced from traumatic and non-traumatic causes. It has been reported that SCIs are commonly associated with anxiety and depression-like symptoms, showing an incidence range between 11 and 30% after the injury. These psychological stress-related symptoms are associated with worse prognoses in SCIs and have been attributed to psychosocial stressors and losses of independence. Nevertheless, emotional and mental modifications after SCI could be related to changes in the volume of specific brain areas associated with information processing and emotions. Additionally, physiological modifications have been recognized as a predisposing factor for mental health depletion, including the development of gut dysbiosis. This condition of imbalance in microbiota composition has been shown to be associated with depression in clinical and pre-clinical models. Therefore, the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between SCIs, gut dysbiosis and psychological stress could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to improve SCI patients’ quality of life. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nervous System Injury, Regeneration, and Neuromodulation)
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