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Biosensors
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Biosensing and Bioimaging: Trends and Perspective
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Biosensing and Bioimaging: Trends and Perspective

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors and Healthcare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 November 2021) | Viewed by 21552

Printed Edition Available!
A printed edition of this Special Issue is available here.

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Xuemei Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Biomedical Engineering Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Interests: cancer diagnostic technique; disease diagnostic biosensor; in vivo fluorescence/nuclear magnetic imaging; cancer multifunctional therapy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Hui Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
Interests: nanobiosensors; bioimaging; point-of-care testing

Special Issue Information

Dear colleague,

Bioimaging and biosensing are active areas that are continuing to attract attention in various fields in the understanding of some important disease mechanisms and relevant biological processes, especially in precise theranostics and effective treatment of cancers and other diseases. The development of novel bio-responsive material-based biosensors and intelligent supramolecules / and nanoscale probes have facilitated the target bioimaging and smart nano-medicine. Substantial interest has been focused on research to develop fluorescence and non-fluorescence smart nanomaterials, including the design and fabrication of multimodal contrast agents with fluorescent, magnetic, or high X-ray attenuation property, surface-enhanced Raman scattering probes, and plasmonic nanoprobes, among others, for high-resolution imaging and sensing.

This collection of reviews and research articles in this Special Issue of Biosensors on the topic of "Biosensing and Bioimaging" will highlight developments in intelligent supramolecules and smart nanostructural probes for bioimaging and biosensing applications. The topics include fluorescent nanorobot-based bioimaging, electrochemical biosensors, plasmonic/SERS nanoprobes, multimodal bioimaging, and so on.

Prof. Dr. Xuemei Wang
Dr. Hui Jiang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 6566 KiB  
Article
Intelligent Bio-Responsive Fluorescent Au–shRNA Complexes for Regulated Autophagy and Effective Cancer Bioimaging and Therapeutics
by Weijuan Cai, Liang Yin, Hui Jiang, Yossi Weizmann and Xuemei Wang
Biosensors 2021, 11(11), 425; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11110425 - 28 Oct 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2890
Abstract
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 acts as an oncogene. RNA interference (RNAi) is an effective method to control the expression of specific genes and can be used for the treatment of tumors, but an effective and safe carrier system is a significant [...] Read more.
The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 acts as an oncogene. RNA interference (RNAi) is an effective method to control the expression of specific genes and can be used for the treatment of tumors, but an effective and safe carrier system is a significant obstacle to gene therapy. Herein, we explored the possibility of constructing an in situ bio-responsive self-assembled fluorescent gold-short hairpin RNA nanocomplex (Au–shRNA NCs) delivery system by co-incubating gold and MALAT1-shRNA for precise hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) imaging and treatment. Due to the characteristics of the cancer microenvironment, Au–shRNA NCs self-assembled in HCC cells (HepG2) but did not occur in control cells (L02) under the same conditions. The in situ bio-responsive self-assembled Au–shRNA NCs delivery system can realize cancer cell bioimaging and promote cell uptake and endosomal escape mechanism, thereby realizing effective transfection. They effectively silenced target gene MALAT1, and with the downregulation of MALAT1, we found that several molecules involved in autophagic flux were also regulated. In vitro and tumor-bearing mouse model experiments demonstrated that the as-prepared fluorescent Au–shRNA NCs can readily realize tumor bioimaging and effectively silence the target gene MALAT1, and those autophagy-related pathway molecules were significantly downregulated, thereby exerting a tumor suppressor efficiency. This raises the possibility of realizing accurate multi-scale bio-imaging from the molecular-level with targeted gene-recognition to cancer cell imaging as well as in vivo tumor tissue imaging for the simultaneous precise cancer therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensing and Bioimaging: Trends and Perspective)
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13 pages, 2482 KiB  
Article
Aptamer Embedded Arch-Cruciform DNA Assemblies on 2-D VS2 Scaffolds for Sensitive Detection of Breast Cancer Cells
by Jinfeng Quan, Yihan Wang, Jialei Zhang, Kejing Huang, Xuemei Wang and Hui Jiang
Biosensors 2021, 11(10), 378; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11100378 - 8 Oct 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2791
Abstract
Arch-cruciform DNA are self-assembled on AuNPs/VS2 scaffold as a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensor for michigan cancer foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells. In the construction, arch DNA is formed using two single-strand DNA sequences embedded with the aptamer for MCF-7 cells. [...] Read more.
Arch-cruciform DNA are self-assembled on AuNPs/VS2 scaffold as a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical biosensor for michigan cancer foundation-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells. In the construction, arch DNA is formed using two single-strand DNA sequences embedded with the aptamer for MCF-7 cells. In the absence of MCF-7 cells, a cruciform DNA labeled with three terminal biotin is bound to the top of arch DNA, which further combines with streptavidin-labeled horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to catalyze the hydroquinone-H2O2 reaction on the electrode surface. The presence of MCF-7 cells can release the cruciform DNA and reduce the amount of immobilized HRP, thus effectively inhibiting enzyme-mediated electrocatalysis. The electrochemical response of the sensor is negatively correlated with the concentration of MCF-7 cells, with a linear range of 10~1 × 105 cells/mL, and a limit of detection as low as 5 cells/mL (S/N = 3). Through two-dimensional materials and enzyme-based dual signal amplification, this biosensor may pave new ways for the highly sensitive detection of tumor cells in real samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensing and Bioimaging: Trends and Perspective)
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13 pages, 1914 KiB  
Article
Stability Assessment of Four Chimeric Proteins for Human Chagas Disease Immunodiagnosis
by Paola Alejandra Fiorani Celedon, Leonardo Maia Leony, Ueriton Dias Oliveira, Natália Erdens Maron Freitas, Ângelo Antônio Oliveira Silva, Ramona Tavares Daltro, Emily Ferreira Santos, Marco Aurélio Krieger, Nilson Ivo Tonin Zanchin and Fred Luciano Neves Santos
Biosensors 2021, 11(8), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11080289 - 22 Aug 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3338
Abstract
The performance of an immunoassay relies on antigen-antibody interaction; hence, antigen chemical stability and structural integrity are paramount for an efficient assay. We conducted a functional, thermostability and long-term stability analysis of different chimeric antigens (IBMP), in order to assess effects of adverse [...] Read more.
The performance of an immunoassay relies on antigen-antibody interaction; hence, antigen chemical stability and structural integrity are paramount for an efficient assay. We conducted a functional, thermostability and long-term stability analysis of different chimeric antigens (IBMP), in order to assess effects of adverse conditions on four antigens employed in ELISA to diagnose Chagas disease. ELISA-based immunoassays have served as a model for biosensors development, as both assess molecular interactions. To evaluate thermostability, samples were heated and cooled to verify heat-induced denaturation reversibility. In relation to storage stability, the antigens were analyzed at 25 °C at different moments. Long-term stability tests were performed using eight sets of microplates sensitized. Antigens were structurally analyzed through circular dichroism (CD), dynamic light scattering, SDS-PAGE, and functionally evaluated by ELISA. Data suggest that IBMP antigens are stable, over adverse conditions and for over a year. Daily analysis revealed minor changes in the molecular structure. Functionally, IBMP-8.2 and IBMP-8.3 antigens showed reactivity towards anti-T. cruzi antibodies, even after 72 h at 25 °C. Long-term stability tests showed that all antigens were comparable to the control group and all antigens demonstrated stability for one year. Data suggest that the antigens maintained their function and structural characteristics even in adverse conditions, making them a sturdy and reliable candidate to be employed in future in vitro diagnostic tests applicable to different models of POC devices, such as modern biosensors in development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensing and Bioimaging: Trends and Perspective)
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Review

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19 pages, 2330 KiB  
Review
Microfluidic-Chip-Integrated Biosensors for Lung Disease Models
by Shuang Ding, Haijun Zhang and Xuemei Wang
Biosensors 2021, 11(11), 456; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11110456 - 15 Nov 2021
Cited by 23 | Viewed by 6292
Abstract
Lung diseases (e.g., infection, asthma, cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis) represent serious threats to human health all over the world. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell models and animal models cannot mimic the human-specific properties of the lungs. In the past decade, human organ-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms—including [...] Read more.
Lung diseases (e.g., infection, asthma, cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis) represent serious threats to human health all over the world. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell models and animal models cannot mimic the human-specific properties of the lungs. In the past decade, human organ-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms—including lung-on-a-chip (LOC)—have emerged rapidly, with the ability to reproduce the in vivo features of organs or tissues based on their three-dimensional (3D) structures. Furthermore, the integration of biosensors in the chip allows researchers to monitor various parameters related to disease development and drug efficacy. In this review, we illustrate the biosensor-based LOC modeling, further discussing the future challenges as well as perspectives in integrating biosensors in OOC platforms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensing and Bioimaging: Trends and Perspective)
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14 pages, 4414 KiB  
Review
Biodegradable Metal Organic Frameworks for Multimodal Imaging and Targeting Theranostics
by Xiangdong Lai, Hui Jiang and Xuemei Wang
Biosensors 2021, 11(9), 299; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11090299 - 27 Aug 2021
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4570
Abstract
Though there already had been notable progress in developing efficient therapeutic strategies for cancers, there still exist many requirements for significant improvement of the safety and efficiency of targeting cancer treatment. Thus, the rational design of a fully biodegradable and synergistic bioimaging and [...] Read more.
Though there already had been notable progress in developing efficient therapeutic strategies for cancers, there still exist many requirements for significant improvement of the safety and efficiency of targeting cancer treatment. Thus, the rational design of a fully biodegradable and synergistic bioimaging and therapy system is of great significance. Metal organic framework (MOF) is an emerging class of coordination materials formed from metal ion/ion clusters nodes and organic ligand linkers. It arouses increasing interest in various areas in recent years. The unique features of adjustable composition, porous and directional structure, high specific surface areas, biocompatibility, and biodegradability make it possible for MOFs to be utilized as nano-drugs or/and nanocarriers for multimodal imaging and therapy. This review outlines recent advances in developing MOFs for multimodal treatment of cancer and discusses the prospects and challenges ahead. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biosensing and Bioimaging: Trends and Perspective)
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