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Cancers
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Multidisciplinary Approaches in Bladder Cancer
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Multidisciplinary Approaches in Bladder Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Methods and Technologies Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 August 2024) | Viewed by 12398

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa

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Guest Editor
Division of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20141 Milan, Italy
Interests: urological malignancies; head and neck cancers; radiation oncology; new fractionation protocols; treatment accuracy; prognostic and predictive factors; SBRT hypofractionation; oligometastatic disease
Dr. Giulia Marvaso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Radiotherapy, European Institute of Oncology (IEO) IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
Interests: urological malignancies; radiation oncology; new fractionation protocols; treatment accuracy; patient’s quality of life; prognostic and predictive factors; SBRT hypofractionation; oligometastatic disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mattia Zaffaroni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Radiation Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 20141 Milan, Italy
Interests: biotechnology; radiation oncology; biomarkers; personalized medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bladder cancer is among the most prevalent cancers worldwide and accounts for an estimated 500 000 new cases and 200 000 deaths worldwide each year. Bladder malignances represent a complex disease, and their management is constantly improving. In general, bladder cancer manifestations profoundly vary from recurrent non-invasive tumors managed chronically, to aggressive or advanced-stage disease that requires multimodal and invasive treatment. Advances in therapy, understanding of the disease, and advanced imaging have inaugurated a period of rapid change in the care of bladder cancer. Overall, it can be roughly categorized into non-muscle invasive and muscle invasive bladder cancer which have very different management strategies, therapeutic objectives, and survival and recurrence rates.

In conclusion, this special issue collects a series of articles presented by a multidisciplinary team of experts in bladder cancer management both in organ-confined and in metastatic setting. This collaborative effort reflects the scope and the aim of merging genetic, diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive approaches for the bladder cancer treatment. Personalized treatment and care of patients with bladder cancer, including the use of advanced imaging and predictive biomarkers to evaluate the presence of such malignances or their metastatic spread, manipulation of the immune system to fight these tumors, understanding host and environmental factors, and the advances of surgical and radiotherapy techniques hold the promises to transform the treatment approaches for this setting of patients.

Prof. Dr. Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa
Dr. Giulia Marvaso
Dr. Mattia Zaffaroni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bladder cancer
  • multidisciplinary approaches
  • radiotherapy
  • surgery
  • immunotherapy
  • advanced imaging
  • predictive biomarkers

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 2281 KiB  
Article
Treatment Patterns and Outcomes by Age in Metastatic Urinary Tract Cancer: A Retrospective Tertiary Cancer Center Analysis
by Nishita Tripathi, Georges Gebrael, Beverly Chigarira, Kamal Kant Sahu, Ishwarya Balasubramanian, Constance Caparas, Vinay Mathew Thomas, Jessica N. Cohan, Kaitlyn Pelletier, Benjamin L. Maughan, Neeraj Agarwal, Umang Swami and Sumati Gupta
Cancers 2024, 16(11), 2143; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16112143 - 5 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1345
Abstract
Metastatic urinary tract cancer (mUTC) is challenging to treat in older adults due to comorbidities. We compared the clinical courses of younger and older (≥70 years) adults with mUTC receiving first-line (1L) systemic therapy in a tertiary cancer center. Baseline clinical characteristics, treatments [...] Read more.
Metastatic urinary tract cancer (mUTC) is challenging to treat in older adults due to comorbidities. We compared the clinical courses of younger and older (≥70 years) adults with mUTC receiving first-line (1L) systemic therapy in a tertiary cancer center. Baseline clinical characteristics, treatments received, tolerability, and survival outcomes were analyzed. Among 212 patients (103 older vs. 109 younger), the older patients had lower hemoglobin at baseline (84% vs. 71%, p = 0.03), the majority were cisplatin-ineligible (74% vs. 45%, p < 0.001), received more immunotherapy-based treatments in the 1L (52% vs. 36%, p = 0.01), received fewer subsequent lines of treatment (median 0 vs. 1, p = 0.003), and had lower clinical trial participation (30% vs. 18%, p = 0.05) compared to the younger patients. When treated with 1L chemotherapy, older patients required more dose adjustments (53.4% vs. 23%, p = 0.001) and received fewer cycles of chemotherapy (median 4 vs. 5, p= 0.01). Older patients had similar OS (11.2 months vs. 14 months, p = 0.06) and similar rates of treatment-related severe toxicity and healthcare visits, independent of the type of systemic treatment received, compared to younger patients. We conclude that select older adults with mUTC can be safely treated with immunotherapy and risk-adjusted regimens of chemotherapy with tangible survival benefits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Approaches in Bladder Cancer)
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10 pages, 1078 KiB  
Article
Retrospective Analysis of a Cohort of Patients with Metastatic Bladder Cancer with Metastatic Sites Limited to the Pelvis and Retroperitoneum Treated at a Single Institution between 2009 and 2020
by Alexandre Bertucci, Lysian Cartier, Armelle Rollet, Rania Boustany and Werner Hilgers
Cancers 2023, 15(7), 2069; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15072069 - 30 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1682
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) presenting with pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodes presents a therapeutic challenge. The impact of chemoradiotherapy on pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis as a consolidation treatment has not been established. Between 2009 and 2020, 502 patients who were treated with [...] Read more.
Bladder cancer (BC) presenting with pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodes presents a therapeutic challenge. The impact of chemoradiotherapy on pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis as a consolidation treatment has not been established. Between 2009 and 2020, 502 patients who were treated with first-line chemotherapy for BC in our center, were retrospectively identified. Patients who received chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy with an equivalent radiation dose superior to 30 Gy were included in the RTCT group, and other patients were included in the control group (CT group). We performed an analysis of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for these two cohorts using the Kaplan–Meier method. A total of 89 patients were included, 24 in the RTCT group and 65 in the CT group. Chemoradiotherapy improved both OS (p = 0.034) and PFS (p = 0.009) in comparison with chemotherapy alone: 26.3 months (95% IC 0.0–52.9) and 19.4 months (95% IC 5.0–33.7), respectively, in the RTCT group versus 17.2 months (95% IC 13.7–20.6) and 11.2 months (95% IC 8.6–13.8), respectively, in the CT group. Grade 3/4 toxicity was related to chemotherapy and to chemoradiotherapy at levels of 31% and 24%, respectively. For mBC with metastatic regional or retroperitoneal lymph nodes, chemoradiotherapy seems to confer benefits for both OS and PFS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Approaches in Bladder Cancer)
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Review

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13 pages, 1069 KiB  
Review
Non-Invasive Imaging Modalities in Intravesical Murine Models of Bladder Cancer
by Sydney Relouw, George J. Dugbartey and Alp Sener
Cancers 2023, 15(8), 2381; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15082381 - 20 Apr 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1756
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is the sixth most prevalent cancer in men and seventeenth most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. Current treatment paradigms have limited therapeutic impact, suggesting an urgent need for the investigation of novel therapies. To best emulate the progression of human [...] Read more.
Bladder cancer (BCa) is the sixth most prevalent cancer in men and seventeenth most prevalent cancer in women worldwide. Current treatment paradigms have limited therapeutic impact, suggesting an urgent need for the investigation of novel therapies. To best emulate the progression of human BCa, a pre-clinical intravesical murine model is required in conjunction with existing non-invasive imaging modalities to detect and evaluate cancer progression. Non-invasive imaging modalities reduce the number of required experimental models while allowing for longitudinal studies of novel therapies to investigate long-term efficacy. In this review, we discuss the individual and multi-modal use of non-invasive imaging modalities; bioluminescence imaging (BLI), micro-ultrasound imaging (MUI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) in BCa evaluation. We also provide an update on the potential and the future directions of imaging modalities in relation to intravesical murine models of BCa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Approaches in Bladder Cancer)
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Other

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13 pages, 3465 KiB  
Systematic Review
Adequate Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection in Radical Cystectomy in the Era of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
by Krystian Kaczmarek, Bartosz Małkiewicz and Artur Lemiński
Cancers 2023, 15(16), 4040; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15164040 - 10 Aug 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1738
Abstract
Radical cystectomy (RC) with pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) serves as the gold-standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Numerous studies have shown that the number of lymph nodes (LN) removed during RC could affect patient prognosis. However, these studies confirmed the association between PLND [...] Read more.
Radical cystectomy (RC) with pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) serves as the gold-standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Numerous studies have shown that the number of lymph nodes (LN) removed during RC could affect patient prognosis. However, these studies confirmed the association between PLND and survival outcomes prior to the widespread adoption of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Consequently, this study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of PLND in patients previously pretreated with NAC. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed using PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus databases. The selected studies contained a total of 17,421 participants. The meta-analysis indicated a significant correlation between adequate PLND and overall survival in the non-NAC group. However, a survival benefit was not observed in patients undergoing RC with preoperative systemic therapy, regardless of the LN cut-off thresholds. The pooled HR for ≥10 and ≥15 LN were 0.87 (95% CI 0.75–1.01) and 0.87 (95% CI 0.76–1.00), respectively. The study results suggest that NAC mitigates the therapeutic significance of PLND, as patients pre-treated with NAC no longer gain oncological benefits from more extensive lymphadenectomy. This highlights the analogous roles of NAC and PLND in eradication of micrometastases and in prevention of distal recurrence post-RC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Approaches in Bladder Cancer)
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18 pages, 2674 KiB  
Systematic Review
Relative Risk of Bladder and Kidney Cancer in Lynch Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Anthony-Joe Nassour, Anika Jain, Nicholas Hui, George Siopis, James Symons and Henry Woo
Cancers 2023, 15(2), 506; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15020506 - 13 Jan 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4897
Abstract
Background: The association between Lynch syndrome (LS) and a higher risk of upper tract urothelial carcinoma is well established, but its effect on the risk of bladder and kidney cancers remains controversial. This review aimed to compare the relative risk (RR) of bladder [...] Read more.
Background: The association between Lynch syndrome (LS) and a higher risk of upper tract urothelial carcinoma is well established, but its effect on the risk of bladder and kidney cancers remains controversial. This review aimed to compare the relative risk (RR) of bladder and kidney cancer in confirmed LS germline mutation carriers compared to the general population. Methods: Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar were searched on 14 July 2022 for studies published in English that reported on the rates of urological cancer in adults with confirmed LS germline mutation. The quality of included studies was assessed using Cochrane’s tool to evaluate risk of bias in cohort studies. Random effects meta-analysis estimated the pooled relative risk of bladder and kidney cancer in LS carriers compared to the general population. The quality of the overall evidence was evaluated using GRADE. Results: Of the 1839 records identified, 5 studies involving 7120 participants from 3 continents were included. Overall, LS carriers had a statistically significantly higher RR of developing bladder cancer (RR: 7.48, 95% CI: 3.70, 15.13) and kidney cancer (RR: 3.97, 95% CI: 1.23, 12.81) compared to unaffected participants (p < 0.01). The quality of the evidence was assessed as “low” due to the inclusion of cohort studies, the substantial heterogeneity, and moderate-to-high risk of bias. Conclusion: Lynch syndrome is associated with a significant increase in the relative risk of kidney and bladder cancer. Clinicians should adopt a lower threshold for germline mutation genetic testing in individuals who present with bladder cancer. Further studies evaluating the role and cost-effectiveness of novel urine-based laboratory tests are needed. High-quality studies in histologically proven renal cell carcinoma and their underlying germline mutations are necessary to strengthen the association with LS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Multidisciplinary Approaches in Bladder Cancer)
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