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Cancers
Special Issues
Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Oropharyngeal Cancers
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Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Oropharyngeal Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Causes, Screening and Diagnosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2023) | Viewed by 11789

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alessandro Villa

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Oral Medicine, Oral Oncology and Dentistry, Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL 33563, USA
2. Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
Interests: HPV associated oropharyngeal cancers; oral mucosal diseases; salivary gland disorders
Dr. Noah S. Kalman

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Baptist Health Baptist Hospital, Miami, FL 33563, USA
Interests: radiation oncology; cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The incidence of oropharyngeal cancer continues to increase. Persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most significant cause of oropharyngeal cancer. Early detection and clinical diagnosis represent an important approach for cancer control. In addition, the advent of the HPV prophylactic vaccine has the potential to reduce the burden of HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancers. The scope of this Special Issue is to improve the understanding of oropharyngeal cancers, including its prevention, diagnosis and treatment. 

Dr. Alessandro Villa
Dr. Noah S. Kalman
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • human papilloma virus
  • oropharyngeal cancers
  • treatment
  • oral complications from cancer therapy
  • HPV vaccination

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 6019 KiB  
Article
Transoral Ultrasound in the Outpatient Clinic for the Diagnostic Work-Up of Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Feasibility Study
by Martin Garset-Zamani, Rikke Norling, Christoffer Holst Hahn, Tina Klitmøller Agander, Christian von Buchwald and Tobias Todsen
Cancers 2023, 15(21), 5292; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15215292 - 4 Nov 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1644
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality for oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs), but it has difficulties distinguishing between small OPCs and unilateral tonsil hypertrophy. We hypothesized that surgeon-performed transoral ultrasound (US) could be used to accurately detect T-stage OPCs. We performed a [...] Read more.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality for oropharyngeal cancers (OPCs), but it has difficulties distinguishing between small OPCs and unilateral tonsil hypertrophy. We hypothesized that surgeon-performed transoral ultrasound (US) could be used to accurately detect T-stage OPCs. We performed a single-center prospective diagnostic accuracy study including patients with suspected or biopsy-verified OPCs during outpatient appointments. All patients were offered transoral US and MRI. If transoral US could not be tolerated by the patient, transcervical US was performed. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of detecting OPCs with US compared to MRI, using histopathology as the reference standard. The secondary outcome was comparing the primary tumor diameters between US and MRI blinded to each other. Out of the 26 patients included in the study, 21 (81%) had OPCs. Transoral US could be performed in 21/21 and 1/5 patients with suspected palatine and lingual tonsil OPCs, respectively. Overall, US diagnostic accuracy was 92%, compared to 81% with MRI (p = 0.37). US and MRI had a high correlation between tumor diameters in the anteroposterior diameter (R = 0.80, p < 0.001), corresponding to the depth axis on US. In conclusion, this small study showed the promise and feasibility of transoral US to improve the initial clinical evaluations of patients with suspected OPCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Oropharyngeal Cancers)
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Review

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16 pages, 320 KiB  
Review
Oral Complications from Oropharyngeal Cancer Therapy
by Vidya Sankar and Yuanming Xu
Cancers 2023, 15(18), 4548; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15184548 - 14 Sep 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1902
Abstract
Post-oropharyngeal cancer treatment complications include a multitude of oral side effects that impact overall survival and quality of life. These include acute and chronic conditions affecting the oral cavity and head and neck, such as mucositis, infection, xerostomia, dysgeusia, radiation caries, osteonecrosis, and [...] Read more.
Post-oropharyngeal cancer treatment complications include a multitude of oral side effects that impact overall survival and quality of life. These include acute and chronic conditions affecting the oral cavity and head and neck, such as mucositis, infection, xerostomia, dysgeusia, radiation caries, osteonecrosis, and trismus. This review will summarize the most common oral complications from oropharyngeal cancer therapy. The authors would like to point out that the literature cited frequently combines oropharyngeal and head and neck cancer results. If recommendations are made strictly related to oropharyngeal cancers, this will be highlighted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Oropharyngeal Cancers)
14 pages, 1965 KiB  
Review
Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer: Global Epidemiology and Public Policy Implications
by Sifon Ndon, Amritpal Singh, Patrick K. Ha, Joyce Aswani, Jason Ying-Kuen Chan and Mary Jue Xu
Cancers 2023, 15(16), 4080; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15164080 - 13 Aug 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3293
Abstract
Global trends in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck cancers (HNC), specifically in the oropharynx subsite, have been dynamically changing, leading to new staging and treatment paradigms. Epidemiologic studies have noted regional variations in HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). While HPV vaccination [...] Read more.
Global trends in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck cancers (HNC), specifically in the oropharynx subsite, have been dynamically changing, leading to new staging and treatment paradigms. Epidemiologic studies have noted regional variations in HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). While HPV vaccination remains the main preventative approach, vaccination policy in relation to gender neutrality is heterogeneous and particularly sparse in low- and middle-income countries, where the burden of global cancer cases and HPV-associated HNC are not well-characterized in certain regions. This review summarizes the existing literature on regional variations of HPV-associated OPSCC and gender-neutral vaccine policies. Based on available data, the incidence of HPV-associated OPSCC is highest in North America, Europe, and Oceania. As of 2022, 122 of 195 (63%) World Health Organization (WHO) member states had incorporated HPV vaccinations nationally; of these, 41 of 122 (34%) member states have introduced gender-neutral vaccine coverage. Future research is needed to describe continued evolving trends in HPV-associated OPSCC, understand underlying risk factors leading to regional variation in disease, and implement gender-neutral policy more broadly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Oropharyngeal Cancers)
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Other

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49 pages, 1457 KiB  
Systematic Review
Oral Human Papillomavirus Benign Lesions and HPV-Related Cancer in Healthy Children: A Systematic Review
by Federica Di Spirito, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Maria Pia Di Palo, Alessandra Amato, Annunziata Raimondo and Massimo Amato
Cancers 2023, 15(4), 1096; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15041096 - 8 Feb 2023
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4320
Abstract
The present systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence of oral HPV-related lesions, categorized as benign (verruca vulgaris “VV”, squamous cell papilloma “SP”, condyloma acuminata “CA”, and focal epithelial hyperplasia “FEH”) and malignant (oral squamous cell carcinoma “OSCC”), in descending order of occurrence [...] Read more.
The present systematic review aimed to assess the prevalence of oral HPV-related lesions, categorized as benign (verruca vulgaris “VV”, squamous cell papilloma “SP”, condyloma acuminata “CA”, and focal epithelial hyperplasia “FEH”) and malignant (oral squamous cell carcinoma “OSCC”), in descending order of occurrence in pediatric subjects (≤18 years of age). The secondary objectives were to evaluate the frequency and types of oral lesions described in relation to HPV genotypes and the HPV vaccine type (if any). The study protocol, compliant with the PRISMA statement, was registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022352268). Data from 60 studies, of which quality was assessed using the ROBINS-I tool, were independently extracted and synthesized. Along with seven poorly described benign HPV-related oral lesions that could not be categorized, a total of 146 HPV-related oral lesions, namely 47.26% (n = 69) VV, SP, and CA, 51.37% (n = 75) FEH, and 1.37% (n = 2) OSSC, were diagnosed in 153 pediatric subjects (M:F ratio = 1:1.4) with a mean age of lesion onset of 8.46 years. The viral genotypes detected were HPV-13 (30.61%), -6 (20.41%), -11 (16.33%), HPV-2 (12.24%), -32 (10.20%), -57 (6.12%), and -16 (4.08%). No HPV vaccination was reported in any case. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the prevalence of HPV-related benign and malignant lesions and the potential role of HPV and associated vaccination in oral carcinogenesis in pediatric subjects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Oropharyngeal Cancers)
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