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Novel Catalysts for Polyolefin and Synthetic Rubber
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Novel Catalysts for Polyolefin and Synthetic Rubber

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalysis in Organic and Polymer Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 February 2023) | Viewed by 13042

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Hui Wang

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Guest Editor
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Olefin Catalysis and Polymerization, Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Education Department, Qingdao 266042, China
Interests: synthesis, process and application of high performance rubber; synthesis and application of emulsion; design and synthesis of catalysts; catalyst recovery; catalytic hydrogenation technology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yanyan Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Eco-chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Olefin Catalysis and Polymerization, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Shandong Provincial Education Department, Qingdao 266042, Shandong, China
Interests: the design and synthesis of catalysts; development of functional solid-state materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The industrial development of polyolefin and synthetic rubber is an important symbol for the process of high polymer industry. The catalyst is the core technology for the synthesis of polyolefin and synthetic rubber as their product compositions and structures depend on the characteristics of the used catalyst, and this makes the irreplaceable position of catalysts in the development of polymer materials. At present, the main challenge for polyolefin and synthetic rubber is to develop novel catalysts with high activity and high selectivity. Through the innovation of catalyst structure, the selection of functional monomer and new polymerization technology, the microstructure of polyolefin and synthetic rubber can be accurately regulated, so as to obtain polyolefin and synthetic rubber products with different properties and application fields. It is important that the microstructure of polyolefin and synthetic rubber can be accurately regulated through the innovation of catalyst structure, the selection of functional monomer and new polymerization technologies, so as to obtain polyolefin and synthetic rubber products with different performances for many applications.

This special issue will focus on the latest progress and advances in the field of catalysts for polyolefin and synthetic rubber. We are looking forward to accepting articles about novel catalysts for polyolefin and synthetic rubber, including but not limited to manuscripts on polymerization process technology, reaction mechanisms, and molecular kinetics, which will greatly promote the industrial progress of polyolefin and synthetic rubber generation.

I greatly believe that we will be able to receive many submissions and contribute our best for obtaining a good special issue in Catalysts.

Prof. Dr. Hui Wang
Dr. Yanyan Li
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Polyolefin
  • Synthetic rubber
  • Polymerization
  • Homogeneous/heterogeneous catalysts
  • Reaction mechanism

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3106 KiB  
Article
Hydrogenation of Carboxyl Nitrile Butadiene Rubber Latex Using a Ruthenium-Based Catalyst
by Xiaodong Liu, Yunlei Fu, Defang Zhou, Hanchu Chen, Yanyan Li, Jianhui Song, Shouyan Zhang and Hui Wang
Catalysts 2022, 12(1), 97; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12010097 - 14 Jan 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3424
Abstract
Hydrogenated carboxyl nitrile rubber (HXNBR) is endowed with superior mechanical performance and heat–oxygen aging resistance via emulsion hydrogenation of its precursor, i.e., carboxyl nitrile rubber (XNBR). Herein, a ruthenium-based catalyst was prepared to achieve the direct catalytic hydrogenation of XNBR latex. The effects [...] Read more.
Hydrogenated carboxyl nitrile rubber (HXNBR) is endowed with superior mechanical performance and heat–oxygen aging resistance via emulsion hydrogenation of its precursor, i.e., carboxyl nitrile rubber (XNBR). Herein, a ruthenium-based catalyst was prepared to achieve the direct catalytic hydrogenation of XNBR latex. The effects of a series of hydrogenation conditions, such as catalyst dosage, solid content and reaction temperature, as well as the hydrogen pressure, on the hydrogenation reaction were investigated in detail. We found that the hydrogenation rate fell upon increasing the solid content of the XNBR latex, with an XNBR conversion rate of 95.01 mol% in 7 h with 11.25 wt% solid content. As the reaction temperature was increased, the hydrogenation rate first increased and then decreased. The fastest reaction hydrogenation rate was reached at 140 °C, with an XNBR conversion of 95.10 mol% in 5 h. The hydrogenation rate was positively related with the hydrogen pressure employed in the reactor. In view of the safety and cost, a pressure rate of 1300 psi was considered optimal. Similarly, the hydrogenation rate can also be enhanced by adding more catalyst. When 0.05 wt% catalyst was added, the fastest hydrogenation rate was achieved. In summary, the following optimum hydrogenation conditions were determined by using a synthesized ruthenium-based catalyst: 11.25 wt% solid content of XNBR latex, 140 °C of reaction temperature, 1300 psi of hydrogen pressure and 0.05 wt% catalyst. The vulcanization, mechanical performance, aging resistance and oil resistance of the produced HXNBR under the above reaction conditions were systematically investigated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Catalysts for Polyolefin and Synthetic Rubber)
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Review

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24 pages, 2052 KiB  
Review
Recent Developments on Processes for Recovery of Rhodium Metal from Spent Catalysts
by Mingqi Jia, Guangshen Jiang, Hanchu Chen, Yue Pang, Fei Yuan, Zhen Zhang, Naiqian Miao, Chengzhuo Zheng, Jianhui Song, Yanyan Li and Hui Wang
Catalysts 2022, 12(11), 1415; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12111415 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 5957
Abstract
Rhodium (Rh) catalyst has played an indispensable role in many important industrial and technological applications due to its unique and valuable properties. Currently, Rh is considered as a strategic or critical metal as the scarce high-quality purity can only be supplemented by refining [...] Read more.
Rhodium (Rh) catalyst has played an indispensable role in many important industrial and technological applications due to its unique and valuable properties. Currently, Rh is considered as a strategic or critical metal as the scarce high-quality purity can only be supplemented by refining coarse ores with low content (2–10 ppm) and is far from meeting the fast-growing market demand. Nowadays, exploring new prospects has already become an urgent issue because of the gradual depletion of Rh resources, incidental pressure on environmental protection, and high market prices. Since waste catalyst materials, industrial equipment, and electronic instruments contain Rh with a higher concentration than that of natural minerals, recovering Rh from scrap not only offers an additional source to satisfy market demand but also reduces the risk of ore over-exploitation. Therefore, the recovery of Rh-based catalysts from scrap is of great significance. This review provides an overview of the Rh metal recovery from spent catalysts. The characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of several current recovery processes, including pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and biosorption technology, are presented and compared. Among them, the hydrometallurgical process is commonly used for Rh recovery from auto catalysts due to its technological simplicity, low cost, and short processing time, but the overall recovery rate is low due to its high remnant Rh within the insoluble residue and the unstable leaching. In contrast, higher Rh recovery and less effluent discharge can be ensured by a pyrometallurgical process which therefore is widely employed in industry to extract precious metals from spent catalysts. However, the related procedure is quite complex, leading to an expensive hardware investment, high energy consumption, long recovery cycles, and inevitable difficulties in controlling contamination in practice. Compared to conventional recovery methods, the biosorption process is considered to be a cost-effective biological route for Rh recovery owing to its intrinsic merits, e.g., low operation costs, small volume, and low amount of chemicals and biological sludge to be treated. Finally, we summarize the challenges and prospect of these three recovery processes in the hope that the community can gain more meaningful and comprehensive insights into Rh recovery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Catalysts for Polyolefin and Synthetic Rubber)
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11 pages, 974 KiB  
Review
Homogeneous Group IVB Catalysts of New Generations for Synthesis of Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Rubbers: A Mini-Review
by Natalia M. Bravaya, Evgeny E. Faingol’d, Evgeny A. Sanginov and Elmira R. Badamshina
Catalysts 2022, 12(7), 704; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12070704 - 27 Jun 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2612
Abstract
Ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers (EPDM) are one of the most important polyolefin materials widely commercialized and used in various industries in recent years. The production of EPDM is based solely on catalytic coordination polymerization processes. The development of new catalysts and processes for the synthesis [...] Read more.
Ethylene-propylene-diene rubbers (EPDM) are one of the most important polyolefin materials widely commercialized and used in various industries in recent years. The production of EPDM is based solely on catalytic coordination polymerization processes. The development of new catalysts and processes for the synthesis of EPDM has expanded the range of products and their manufacturing in terms of energy efficiency, processability, and environmental safety. This mini-review mainly analyzes patented data on the synthesis of EPDM on new-generation single-site catalytic systems based on Group IVB complexes including the systems commercialized by major manufacturers of EPDM. The advantages of these systems are evident in comparison with conventional vanadium systems introduced into production in the 1960s and used to date in the industrial synthesis of EPDM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Catalysts for Polyolefin and Synthetic Rubber)
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