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Catalysts
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New Trends in Metathesis Catalysts
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New Trends in Metathesis Catalysts

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalysis in Organic and Polymer Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 November 2021) | Viewed by 25592

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Bartosz Trzaskowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Interests: computational chemistry; catalysis; molecular modeling; nanoscience; physical and organic chemistry; olefin metathesis; green chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

More than 20 years after the development of the first well-defined ruthenium metathesis catalyst, this topic remains one of the hottest branches in chemistry and catalysis. Recent advances in this field include novel catalysts, ring-opening metathesis polymerization, the use of green solvents and aqueous metathesis catalysts, mechanistic studies on catalyst decomposition, Z-selective or photoactivated catalysts, the use of mechanochemistry in the synthesis of ruthenium catalysts, and many others. This Special Issue of Catalysts aims to provide an overview of the latest progress in Ruthenium Metathesis Catalysts with the goal of presenting the most recent scientific results in this field. We welcome both experimental and computational contributions, including full papers, communications, and reviews.

Dr. Bartosz Trzaskowski
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • olefin metathesis
  • catalysis
  • ruthenium
  • reaction mechanism
  • polymerization
  • decomposition
  • N-heterocyclic carbenes

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

14 pages, 3208 KiB  
Article
1H NMR Analysis of the Metathesis Reaction between 1-Hexene and (E)-Anethole Using Grubbs 2nd Generation Catalyst: Effect of Reaction Conditions on (E)-1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1-hexene Formation and Decomposition
by Marthinus Rudi Swart, Charlene Marais and Elizabeth Erasmus
Catalysts 2021, 11(12), 1483; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11121483 - 3 Dec 2021
Viewed by 2636
Abstract
The metathesis of 1-hexene and (E)-anethole in the presence of Grubbs 2nd generation catalyst was monitored by in situ 1H NMR spectroscopy at different temperatures (15 °C, 25 °C, and 45 °C) and anethole mol fractions (XAnethole ≈ 0.17, [...] Read more.
The metathesis of 1-hexene and (E)-anethole in the presence of Grubbs 2nd generation catalyst was monitored by in situ 1H NMR spectroscopy at different temperatures (15 °C, 25 °C, and 45 °C) and anethole mol fractions (XAnethole ≈ 0.17, 0.29, 0.5, 0.71, 0.83). Time traces confirmed the instantaneous formation of (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexene, the cross-metathesis product. A maximum concentration of (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexene is reached fairly fast (the time depending on the reaction conditions), and this is followed by a decrease in the concentration of (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexene due to secondary metathesis. The maximum concentration of (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-hexene was more dependent on the XAnethole than the temperature. The highest TOF (3.46 min−1) was obtained for the reaction where XAnethole was 0.16 at 45 °C. The highest concentration of the cross-metathesis product was however achieved after 6 min with an anethole mol fraction of 0.84 at 25 °C. A preliminary kinetic study indicated that the secondary metathesis reaction followed first order kinetics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Metathesis Catalysts)
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9 pages, 821 KiB  
Article
NHC Ligand Effects on Ru-Catalyzed Cross-Metathesis of Renewable Materials
by Veronica Paradiso, Raffaele Contino and Fabia Grisi
Catalysts 2020, 10(8), 904; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10080904 - 8 Aug 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2795
Abstract
As petrochemical resources become increasingly scarce and expensive, much attention has been focused on renewable resources from biomass as alternative options for producing basic building blocks for chemical manufacturing. Catalytic olefin metathesis represents a powerful tool to transform biosourced structural motifs in valuable [...] Read more.
As petrochemical resources become increasingly scarce and expensive, much attention has been focused on renewable resources from biomass as alternative options for producing basic building blocks for chemical manufacturing. Catalytic olefin metathesis represents a powerful tool to transform biosourced structural motifs in valuable commodity, fine, and specialty chemicals. In that respect, the appropriate choice of the catalyst is the key issue of each metathesis transformation. The current study examines the influence of different N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands containing one or two N-alkyl substituents on the efficiency of Hoveyda–Grubbs-type catalysts in the cross-metathesis reaction of ethyl oleate with cis-1,4-diacetoxy-2-butene and cross-metathesis of eugenol acetate with cis-1,4-dichloro-2-butene. Interestingly, the introduction of alkyl N-substituents in the NHC ligand was revealed as beneficial for catalytic performances in the examined cross-metathesis (CM) reactions, leading to higher activity and/or selectivity than those observed in the presence of the classical, commercially available Hoveyda–Grubbs second generation catalyst (HGII). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Metathesis Catalysts)
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Review

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27 pages, 7185 KiB  
Review
Ruthenium-Catalyzed C–H Activations for the Synthesis of Indole Derivatives
by Haoran Zhu, Sen Zhao, Yu Zhou, Chunpu Li and Hong Liu
Catalysts 2020, 10(11), 1253; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10111253 - 29 Oct 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4534
Abstract
The synthesis of substituted indoles has received great attention in the field of organic synthesis methodology. C–H activation makes it possible to obtain a variety of designed indole derivatives in mild conditions. Ruthenium catalyst, as one of the most significant transition-metal catalysts, has [...] Read more.
The synthesis of substituted indoles has received great attention in the field of organic synthesis methodology. C–H activation makes it possible to obtain a variety of designed indole derivatives in mild conditions. Ruthenium catalyst, as one of the most significant transition-metal catalysts, has been contributing in the synthesis of indole scaffolds through C–H activation and C–H activation on indoles. Herein, we attempt to present an overview about the construction strategies of indole scaffold and site-specific modifications for indole scaffold via ruthenium-catalyzed C–H activations in recent years. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Metathesis Catalysts)
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13 pages, 3327 KiB  
Review
Iron-Catalyzed Carbonyl–Alkyne and Carbonyl–Olefin Metathesis Reactions
by Benedikt W. Grau and Svetlana B. Tsogoeva
Catalysts 2020, 10(9), 1092; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10091092 - 21 Sep 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4912
Abstract
Construction of carbon–carbon bonds is one of the most important tools for the synthesis of complex organic molecules. Among multiple possibilities are the carbonyl–alkyne and carbonyl–olefin metathesis reactions, which are used to form new carbon–carbon bonds between carbonyl derivatives and unsaturated organic compounds. [...] Read more.
Construction of carbon–carbon bonds is one of the most important tools for the synthesis of complex organic molecules. Among multiple possibilities are the carbonyl–alkyne and carbonyl–olefin metathesis reactions, which are used to form new carbon–carbon bonds between carbonyl derivatives and unsaturated organic compounds. As many different approaches have already been established and offer reliable access to C=C bond formation via carbonyl–alkyne and carbonyl–olefin metathesis, focus is now shifting towards cost efficiency, sustainability and environmentally friendly metal catalysts. Iron, which is earth-abundant and considered as an eco-friendly and inexpensive option in comparison to traditional metal catalysts, fulfils these requirements. Hence, the focus of this review is on recent advances in the iron-catalyzed carbonyl–alkyne, carbonyl–olefin and related C–O/C–O metathesis reactions. The still large research potential for ecologically and economically attractive and sustainable iron-based catalysts is demonstrated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Metathesis Catalysts)
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56 pages, 12251 KiB  
Review
Decomposition of Ruthenium Olefin Metathesis Catalyst
by Magdalena Jawiczuk, Anna Marczyk and Bartosz Trzaskowski
Catalysts 2020, 10(8), 887; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10080887 - 5 Aug 2020
Cited by 50 | Viewed by 9733
Abstract
Ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts are one of the most commonly used class of catalysts. There are multiple reviews on their uses in various branches of chemistry and other sciences but a detailed review of their decomposition is missing, despite a large number of [...] Read more.
Ruthenium olefin metathesis catalysts are one of the most commonly used class of catalysts. There are multiple reviews on their uses in various branches of chemistry and other sciences but a detailed review of their decomposition is missing, despite a large number of recent and important advances in this field. In particular, in the last five years several new mechanism of decomposition, both olefin-driven as well as induced by external agents, have been suggested and used to explain differences in the decomposition rates and the metathesis activities of both standard, N-heterocyclic carbene-based systems and the recently developed cyclic alkyl amino carbene-containing complexes. Here we present a review which explores the last 30 years of the decomposition studied on ruthenium olefin metathesis catalyst driven by both intrinsic features of such catalysts as well as external chemicals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Trends in Metathesis Catalysts)
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