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Advances in Molecular Biology Methods in Hepatology Research

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2024 | Viewed by 2599

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
Interests: molecular biology; liver fibrosis; drug discovery and development; advanced in vitro models

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Guest Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recent advances in molecular biology methods have profound implications for deciphering the complexities of hepatology research, specifically in understanding liver function, disease development and novel therapies. The integration of genomic technologies such as Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), single-cell sequencing, CRISPR-Cas9 and epigenetic studies allow for a more comprehensive analysis of the liver's genomic landscape. Similarly, advancements in single-cell proteomic techniques, including sensitive mass spectrometry and high-throughput proteomics, have made it possible to identify and quantify liver proteins at the cellular level. These technologies enable scientists understand the molecular pathways involved in liver injury, fibrosis, and regeneration. In addition to advances in genomic techniques, the development of advanced hepatic in vivo models and liver tissue engineering, utilizing technologies such as CRISPR-Cas9, places a clear emphasis on creating humanized organoid models. These technologies, such as hepatic organoids, are scalable for high-throughput screening and can replicate complex cellular interactions, providing further insights into the mechanisms underlying liver diseases such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), hepatitis, and liver fibrosis. By creating patient-derived organoids, researchers can personalize disease models and thus uncover individualized disease mechanisms and precision therapeutics. Overall, these advancements in molecular biology have propelled hepatology research to the next level, offering additional opportunities for efficient diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies for hepatic diseases.

Dr. Dileep G. Nair
Prof. Dr. Ralf Weiskirchen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • hepatic diseases
  • molecular biology methods
  • single-cell genomics
  • single-cell proteomics
  • hepatic organoids
  • biomarkers

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 960 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Outcomes in Patients with EGFR Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma and Subgroup Analysis Based on Presence of Liver Metastases
by Vesna Ćeriman Krstić, Ivan Soldatović, Natalija Samardžić, Milija Gajić, Milica Kontić, Aleksandar Reljić, Milan Savić, Marina Roksandić Milenković and Dragana Jovanović
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(12), 13431-13442; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46120801 - 24 Nov 2024
Viewed by 364
Abstract
Lung cancer represents the most common cause of cancer related death. Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and liver metastases (LM) have worse prognosis with an overall survival (OS) of three to six months. The aim of this study was to investigate [...] Read more.
Lung cancer represents the most common cause of cancer related death. Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and liver metastases (LM) have worse prognosis with an overall survival (OS) of three to six months. The aim of this study was to investigate long-term outcomes in patients with EGFR mutated (EGFRmut) lung adenocarcinoma as well as the presence of LM. (A total of 105 patients were included in the analysis). They were divided into two groups based on the presence of LM. OS was 13 months for the whole group and also 13 months for patients with and without LM. The 9-year survival rate for patients with and without LM was 12.5% and 3.4%, respectively. Further, the 9-year survival rate for the whole group of patients was 4.8%. There are few data about survival rates beyond 5 years for patients with locally advanced and metastatic EGFRmut NSCLC, mainly because patients with lung cancer rarely live for such a long time. Regarding patients with liver metastases, the results of our study showed similar outcomes compared to patients without LM. As these patients represent a significant number of patients, we need a wider range of therapeutic options. It might be that combination therapies represent a better therapeutic option. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Biology Methods in Hepatology Research)
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12 pages, 573 KiB  
Article
The Pre-/Post-Transplant Hepatitis C Antibody Associated with the IL-28B RS8099917 TT Genotype and miRNA-122 Expression May Protect Acute Cellular Rejection After LDLT
by King-Wah Chiu, Yu-Cheng Lin, Wei-Feng Li, Kuang-Tzu Huang, Li-Wen Hsu and Chih-Chi Wang
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(11), 12772-12783; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46110760 - 10 Nov 2024
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the IL-28B SNP rs8099917 genotype, miRNA-122 expression, and the immune mechanism of ACR after LT using anti-HCV antibody calibration. A total of 45 patients with HCV received LT. IL-28B SNP rs8099917 genotyping was used to [...] Read more.
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the IL-28B SNP rs8099917 genotype, miRNA-122 expression, and the immune mechanism of ACR after LT using anti-HCV antibody calibration. A total of 45 patients with HCV received LT. IL-28B SNP rs8099917 genotyping was used to divide patients into TT and GT groups. The relative expression levels of miRNA-122 were calculated by quantitative PCR. Anti-HCV titers before and after LT were tracked to observe the relationship with ACR. The ACR rates were 27.6% for genotype TT and 62.5% for genotype GT, indicating a significantly higher rate in the GT group compared to the TT group (p = 0.024). In the rs8099917 genotype, TT was significantly associated with higher serum miRNA-122 levels than GT (p < 0.001). The TT group had significantly better outcomes than the GT group (p = 0.005). The Mann–Whitney U test showed significant differences in pre-LT and post-LT anti-HCV titers between the IL-28B genotypes (TT and GT) (p values of 0.006 and 0.027, respectively). These results suggested that the IL-28B rs8099917 genotype TT may play a significant role in modulating immune responses, both in terms of anti-HCV titers and the risk of ACR, possibly mediated through miRNA-122 levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Biology Methods in Hepatology Research)
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Review

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13 pages, 328 KiB  
Review
Treatment Options for Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Liver Metastases
by Vesna Ćeriman Krstić, Natalija Samardžić, Milija Gajić, Milan Savić, Biljana Šeha, Marina Roksandić Milenković and Dragana Jovanović
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(12), 13443-13455; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46120802 - 24 Nov 2024
Viewed by 309
Abstract
Lung cancer represents the most common cause of cancer-related death. Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and liver metastases have worse prognosis, with an overall survival (OS) from three to six months. The majority of them have a poor response to chemotherapy, [...] Read more.
Lung cancer represents the most common cause of cancer-related death. Patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and liver metastases have worse prognosis, with an overall survival (OS) from three to six months. The majority of them have a poor response to chemotherapy, and the data are controversial regarding the response to immunotherapy. This could be because the liver is considered to be an immune-tolerant organ, which is characterized by T-cell anergy and immunosuppressive signals. This review evaluates current treatment options for patients with NSCLC and liver metastases. Combination therapies might be a better treatment option for this subgroup of patients. The addition of radiotherapy to immunotherapy could also be an option in selected patients. The resection of single liver metastasis should also be considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Biology Methods in Hepatology Research)
43 pages, 1049 KiB  
Review
A Scoping Review on Hepatoprotective Mechanism of Herbal Preparations through Gut Microbiota Modulation
by Chin Long Poo, Mei Siu Lau, Nur Liana Md Nasir, Nik Aina Syazana Nik Zainuddin, Mohd Rahimi Ashraf Abd Rahman, Siti Khadijah Mustapha Kamal, Norizah Awang and Hussin Muhammad
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(10), 11460-11502; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46100682 - 16 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Liver diseases cause millions of deaths globally. Current treatments are often limited in effectiveness and availability, driving the search for alternatives. Herbal preparations offer potential hepatoprotective properties. Disrupted gut microbiota is linked to liver disorders. This scoping review aims to explore the effects [...] Read more.
Liver diseases cause millions of deaths globally. Current treatments are often limited in effectiveness and availability, driving the search for alternatives. Herbal preparations offer potential hepatoprotective properties. Disrupted gut microbiota is linked to liver disorders. This scoping review aims to explore the effects of herbal preparations on hepatoprotective mechanisms, particularly in the context of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and hepatic steatosis, with a focus on gut microbiota modulation. A systematic search was performed using predetermined keywords in four electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science). A total of 55 studies were included for descriptive analysis, covering study characteristics such as disease model, dietary model, animal model, intervention details, comparators, and study outcomes. The findings of this review suggest that the hepatoprotective effects of herbal preparations are closely related to their interactions with the gut microbiota. The hepatoprotective mechanisms of herbal preparations are shown through their effects on the gut microbiota composition, intestinal barrier, and microbial metabolites, which resulted in decreased serum levels of liver enzymes and lipids, improved liver pathology, inhibition of hepatic fatty acid accumulation, suppression of inflammation and oxidative stress, reduced insulin resistance, and altered bile acid metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Molecular Biology Methods in Hepatology Research)
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