Coatings

2024

Jump to: 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020

13 pages, 3592 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Influence of the Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes on the Electrical Conductivity, Adhesion Strength, and Corrosion Resistance of Waterborne Polyurethane Composites

by Fangfang Wang, Xiangrong Liu, Bin Cao, Xiaobao Wang and Kangjun Dong

Coatings 2024, 14(9), 1108; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14091108 - 2 Sep 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 823

Abstract

Due to the presence of many flammable substances in the working environments of the petrochemical industry, anticorrosive conductive coatings need to be used on metal equipment to avoid safety accidents like fires. However, existing conductive solvent-based coatings are volatile when exposed to flammable [...] Read more.

Due to the presence of many flammable substances in the working environments of the petrochemical industry, anticorrosive conductive coatings need to be used on metal equipment to avoid safety accidents like fires. However, existing conductive solvent-based coatings are volatile when exposed to flammable and toxic organic solvents. Thus, in this work, a series of eco-friendly anticorrosive waterborne polyurethane (WPU) composites with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were prepared via a low-cost and practical process; the dispersion of MWCNTs was revealed when present in different amounts, and the mechanism behind the conduction of WPU composites was determined. We concluded that low amounts of MWCNTs were well dispersed, generating a conductive network, and the WPU composite was not entirely covered by the MWCNT particles, so the electrical conductivity in certain parts of the coating was good. When the content of MWCNTs was excessive, some stretched MWCNTs dispersed to the top of the composite and many MWCNTs agglomerated at the bottom. Additionally, when the content of MWCNTs was increased, the electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, and adhesion strength of the WPU composite decreased. Our results could provide a theoretical foundation for the preparation of anticorrosive conductive waterborne composites for protecting equipment in the petrochemical industry. Full article

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25 pages, 12434 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of the Mineralogical Composition of Sandstones on the Wear of Mining Machinery Components

by Andrzej N. Wieczorek, Iwona Jonczy, Krzysztof Filipowicz, Mariusz Kuczaj, Arkadiusz Pawlikowski, Kamil Mucha and Anna Gerle

Coatings 2024, 14(7), 859; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14070859 - 9 Jul 2024

Viewed by 725

Abstract

The paper provides and comments on the results of studies of the effect of sandstone-based abrasives and quartz sand alone on the wear of martensitic surfaces of wear-resistant steels. The wear process was examined on a ring-on-ring test rig seeking to determine the [...] Read more.

The paper provides and comments on the results of studies of the effect of sandstone-based abrasives and quartz sand alone on the wear of martensitic surfaces of wear-resistant steels. The wear process was examined on a ring-on-ring test rig seeking to determine the mass decrement parameter which characterised wear. In addition, SEM microscopy, optical profilometry and XRF analysis were used to analyse the abrasives used and damaged surfaces. The tests were conducted for three sandstone varieties, Carboniferous, Permian, and Cretaceous, and they made it possible to determine that the most intense process of deterioration of wear-resistant steels took place in the presence of quartz sand grain, while less intense wear was observed in the case of sandstone-based abrasives. The mass decrement values established in the presence of the sandstones in question did not differ significantly between individual sandstone varieties. Based on a surface damage analysis, the basic damage mechanism was found to be micro-scratching; however, with regard to the sandstones examined, it was also determined that individual grains could be pressed into surface irregularities and that films of soft hematite cement developed in the Permian sandstone and that inclusions of carbonaceous matter were formed in the Carboniferous sandstone. With reference to the wear process observations, a wear model was described for the surface of the steels examined in the presence of sandstone-based abrasives. This model presents the possibility of capturing wear products by unstable binder layers and changing the form of wear from three-body to two-body. Full article

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2023

Jump to: 2024, 2022, 2021, 2020

23 pages, 17813 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Surface Roughness Effects on the Properties of Silicon-Doped Diamond-like Carbon Coatings

by Katarzyna Piotrowska, Monika Madej, Joanna Kowalczyk and Krystyna Radoń-Kobus

Coatings 2023, 13(9), 1629; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13091629 - 17 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1427

Abstract

This paper evaluates surface roughness effects on the properties of a-C:H:Si coatings obtained using plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD). Prior to coating deposition, the surfaces of the samples were subjected to grinding (Ra = 0.25) and then polishing (Ra = 0.05) or sandblasting [...] Read more.

This paper evaluates surface roughness effects on the properties of a-C:H:Si coatings obtained using plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD). Prior to coating deposition, the surfaces of the samples were subjected to grinding (Ra = 0.25) and then polishing (Ra = 0.05) or sandblasting (Ra = 1.41). Microscopic observations, measurements of thickness, wettability, surface topography, and tribological tests were used to characterize the substrate. The coating microstructure, thickness, and chemical content were investigated using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The geometric structure of the surface was examined using confocal microscopy before and after tribological tests. Tribological studies used a ball-on-disk sliding configuration in reciprocating motion under dry friction and cutting oil lubrication. The values of the contact angles were indicative of surface hydrophilic characteristics. Compared with the sandblasted surfaces, the adhesion strength of the coatings deposited on the polished surfaces was found to be higher. The coatings contributed to the improvement of friction and wear parameters. Under dry friction, a-C:H:Si coating friction coefficients and linear and volumetric wear on the polished surface were reduced compared with the sandblasted surface, respectively, by 10%, 83%, and 85%. In addition, the lubricant contributed to reducing the friction coefficients of the coating applied to the sandblasted sample compared with the polished sample without the coating by about 94%. Microscopic observations of wear traces allowed the determination of wear mechanisms; in the case of Ti13Nb13Zr, it was tribochemical wear through oxidation, while in the case of coatings, scratching and microcutting dominated. Full article

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15 pages, 7325 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Erosion Behavior of Stellite-6 and WC-12Co Coatings on SA213-T22 Boiler Steel

by Aumpava Kiatisereekul, Thamrongsin Siripongsakul and Kittichai Fakpan

Coatings 2023, 13(8), 1444; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13081444 - 16 Aug 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1117

Abstract

At Mae-Moh power plant, Thailand, superheater tubes, which are exposed to a fly ash environment, often degrade due to solid particle erosion. To extend the service lifetime of the superheater tubes, the high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray technique is used to deposit [...] Read more.

At Mae-Moh power plant, Thailand, superheater tubes, which are exposed to a fly ash environment, often degrade due to solid particle erosion. To extend the service lifetime of the superheater tubes, the high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray technique is used to deposit a protective coating on the material, SA213-T22 steel. In this work, the solid particle erosion of Stellite-6 and WC-12Co coatings was investigated using erodent particle impingement at angles of 30 and 90°. This was carried out with an average particle size of 60 μm. The erosion behavior of SA213-T22 with and without Stellite-6 and WC-12Co coatings was examined using ductile and brittle erosion modes. The erosion testing resulted in the brittle mode for both Stellite-6 and WC-12Co coatings, while the SA213-T22 without coating indicated the ductile mode. On investigation of the surface morphology, the SA213-T22 steel showed ploughing and microcutting. The Stellite-6 coating showed some evidence of ductile erosion such as lips on the coating surface, different from the WC-12Co coating which showed microcracks and deep cavities. The erosion resistance of the Stellite-6 coating was higher than the WC-12Co coating. This was due to the strength and toughness of the metal matrix composite structure and the low porosity of the coating. Full article

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16 pages, 6440 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Possibilities of Duplex Plasma Electrolytic Treatment for Increasing the Hardness and Wear Resistance of a Commercially Pure Titanium Surface

by Sergei Kusmanov, Tatiana Mukhacheva, Ivan Tambovskiy, Irina Kusmanova, Sergei Shadrin, Roman Belov, Roman Nikiforov, Igor Suminov, Mikhail Karasev and Sergey Grigoriev

Coatings 2023, 13(8), 1363; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13081363 - 3 Aug 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1191

Abstract

The technology for duplex treatment of a commercially pure titanium surface is expected to increase hardness and wear resistance. This technology consists of sequential nitrocarburizing and polishing of the product in plasma electrolysis. The mechanism of duplex processing is revealed; it consists of [...] Read more.

The technology for duplex treatment of a commercially pure titanium surface is expected to increase hardness and wear resistance. This technology consists of sequential nitrocarburizing and polishing of the product in plasma electrolysis. The mechanism of duplex processing is revealed; it consists of strengthening the surface layers under diffusion saturation and controlled formation of the surface relief. The possibility of controlling the characteristics of the modified surface by combining various plasma technologies is shown. The morphological features of the surface and the surface layer after treatment were studied. The microhardness of the modified layer and the tribological properties of the surface were measured. It has been established that the samples with the highest surface layer hardness and a small thickness of the oxide layer on the surface have the highest wear resistance. After nitrocarburizing at 750 °C for 5 min, wear resistance increases by 4.3 times compared to pure material. If subsequent polishing is carried out at a voltage of 275–300 V for 3–5 min in chloride and fluoride electrolytes and 5–10 min in a sulfate electrolyte, then wear resistance can be further increased. This is achieved by removing the porous outer oxide layer. Full article

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26 pages, 9852 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Titanium Carbide and Vibration Effect on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Medium-Carbon Alloy Steel

by Tatyana Kovalyova, Yevgeniy Skvortsov, Svetlana Kvon, Michot Gerard, Aristotle Issagulov, Vitaliy Kulikov and Anna Skvortsova

Coatings 2023, 13(7), 1135; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13071135 - 22 Jun 2023

Viewed by 1622

Abstract

This study aimed to improve the hardness and wear behavior of medium-carbon alloy steel through the addition of titanium carbide ultradispersed powder and low-frequency vibration treatment during solidification. It was shown that the complex effect of low-frequency vibration with the additional introduction of [...] Read more.

This study aimed to improve the hardness and wear behavior of medium-carbon alloy steel through the addition of titanium carbide ultradispersed powder and low-frequency vibration treatment during solidification. It was shown that the complex effect of low-frequency vibration with the additional introduction of a small amount of titanium carbide ultradispersed powder with the size of 0.5–0.7 μm during the casting process had a positive effect on structural changes and led to improved mechanical properties, and so increasing the value of microhardness by 37.2% was notable. In the process of shock dynamic impact, imprints with crater depths of 13.69 µm (500 N) and 14.73 (700 N) were obtained, which, respectively, are 23.34 and 42.34% less than that on the original cast sample. In the process of tribological testing, decreasing the depth of the wear track (50.25%) was revealed with decreasing the value of the friction coefficient by 14.63%. Full article

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14 pages, 5398 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Structural Properties of Zn-Fe Alloy Coatings and Their Corrosion Resistance

by Ramesh Sooryanarayana Bhat, Manjunatha Krishna Balakrishna, Poornesh Parthasarathy and Ampar Chitharanjan Hegde

Coatings 2023, 13(4), 772; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13040772 - 15 Apr 2023

Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2331

Abstract

Single-layer and multilayer alloy deposits were coated onto a mild steel substrate by a single-bath electroplating process. The developed coating consists of Zn and Fe alloys having different compositions with different layers. The anticorrosion behavior of single-layer and multilayer deposits was evaluated by [...] Read more.

Single-layer and multilayer alloy deposits were coated onto a mild steel substrate by a single-bath electroplating process. The developed coating consists of Zn and Fe alloys having different compositions with different layers. The anticorrosion behavior of single-layer and multilayer deposits was evaluated by the potentiodynamic polarization method. The surface morphology of the deposits was studied with a scanning electron microscope. The crystal structure of the deposits was analyzed with the X-ray diffraction technique. The Fe content in the deposit was analyzed by a colorimeter and verified with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The micro-hardness tester with a Vickers indenter was used to evaluate the microhardness of the developed single-layer and multilayer coatings. It was found that the microhardness increased with applied current densities. The Zn-Fe multilayer coatings with 300 layers deposited with square and triangular pulses at the applied current density of 2.0/3.0 A dm⁻² were five and four times more corrosion-resistant, respectively, than the single-layer coating of the same thickness. The development of Zn-Fe coatings that are resistant to corrosion is particularly important for the automotive industry and steel-based vehicle parts. Full article

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14 pages, 4393 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study of Particulate Fouling Inhibition Characteristics on a Novel Composite Coating

by Yuchen Wang, Zuodong Liu, Wei Feng, Teng Zhang and Weiwei Xing

Coatings 2023, 13(2), 274; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020274 - 25 Jan 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1365

Abstract

Particulate fouling is a common fouling in heat exchange equipment, it causes tube corrosion and increases flow resistance. Particulate fouling increases the hidden danger of equipment and requires high treatment costs. In this paper, a novel Ni−P−TiO₂ composite coating is prepared on [...] Read more.

Particulate fouling is a common fouling in heat exchange equipment, it causes tube corrosion and increases flow resistance. Particulate fouling increases the hidden danger of equipment and requires high treatment costs. In this paper, a novel Ni−P−TiO₂ composite coating is prepared on 316 stainless steel using electroless plating and the fouling inhibition characteristics of the novel composite coating are studied using a dynamic monitoring experimental system. The experimental results show that the fouling thermal resistance of the Ni−P−TiO₂ composite coating is obviously lower than that of 316 stainless steel under the same working conditions. With the increase in cooling water velocity and inlet temperature, the surface fouling thermal resistance decreases, while, with the increase in particle concentration, the fouling thermal resistance increases. Based on DLVO theory, it is found that the surface energy of Ni−P−TiO₂ composite coating is close to the best surface energy for inhibiting particulate fouling deposition, which can significantly inhibit particulate fouling deposition. Compared with the stainless-steel surface of a conventional plate heat exchanger, the Ni−P−TiO₂ composite coating not only inhibits the accumulation of particulate fouling, but also reduces the adhesion strength of particulate fouling; additionally, the fouling is easier to strip off the heat exchange surface, which realizes the lasting and efficient fouling inhibition on the heat exchange surface. The research results can provide a data reference for the fouling inhibition design and daily efficient operation of heat exchangers. Full article

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19 pages, 2632 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperEditor’s ChoiceReview

Laser Obtained Superhydrophobic State for Stainless Steel Corrosion Protection, a Review

by Kirill A. Emelyanenko, Alexandre M. Emelyanenko and Ludmila B. Boinovich

Coatings 2023, 13(1), 194; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010194 - 15 Jan 2023

Cited by 33 | Viewed by 4565

Abstract

Stainless steel has become an integral part of modern engineering materials and daily life due to its mechanical efficiency, strength, recyclability, high resistance to oxidation and corrosive attack, which make it the ideal material for many kinds of applications. At the same time, [...] Read more.

Stainless steel has become an integral part of modern engineering materials and daily life due to its mechanical efficiency, strength, recyclability, high resistance to oxidation and corrosive attack, which make it the ideal material for many kinds of applications. At the same time, steel suffers from certain types of corrosion, such as intergranular corrosion, or contact corrosion that develops when stainless steel comes into contact with carbon steel or another metal with a different electrochemical potential. Finally, pitting corrosion is a serious problem often occurring when stainless steel parts work in sea water. This paper provides a brief overview of methods for protecting stainless steel from corrosion using a new approach based on superhydrophobization of the surface of stainless steel using laser processing followed by the deposition of a layer of a substance with a low surface energy. The review discusses the mechanisms of corrosion protection by such coatings and the properties of superhydrophobic coatings presented in the literature. Superhydrophobic protective coatings on stainless steel have been shown to significantly reduce corrosion, with some demonstrating a decrease in corrosion current of up to 156 times. However, a more comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms contributing to this effect, as well as a comparison with anti-corrosion coatings on other metals, suggests that the combination of these mechanisms has the potential to create even more durable and effective surfaces for corrosion protection of stainless steel. Full article

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2022

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11 pages, 4107 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of Waterborne Heavy-Duty Anticorrosive Coatings with Modified Nanoscale Titania

by Xingjun Wang, Weipeng Sun, Wenge Li, Chenglin Zuo, Yong Jiang and Shuangxi Wang

Coatings 2022, 12(11), 1651; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12111651 - 31 Oct 2022

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1837

Abstract

The steel structures of coastal engineering in the moist tropics and subtropics are always under a C5/CX level corrosion environment with high temperature, high humidity, and high salt fog. Anticorrosive waterborne coatings with high weatherability and reliability are urgently to be developed. In [...] Read more.

The steel structures of coastal engineering in the moist tropics and subtropics are always under a C5/CX level corrosion environment with high temperature, high humidity, and high salt fog. Anticorrosive waterborne coatings with high weatherability and reliability are urgently to be developed. In this work, one kind of waterborne heavy-duty anticorrosive coatings, with the advantages of excellent corrosion resistance, self-repairing ability, self-cleaning ability, and high film compactness, was successfully achieved through modifying the side chains on the surface morphologies of the spherical nanoscale titania. The micromorphology and structure of the coating were characterized by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and atomic force microscope (AFM). The anticorrosion characteristics and forming mechanism of the modified nanoscale titania coating were analyzed. The salt spray tests showed that the neutral salt spray resistance time of the modified nanoscale titania coating was 1440 h. Its durability reached the H level and met the design requirements for 15 years of anticorrosion lifetime. The modified nanoscale titania coatings had been large-scale commercially applied at some typical steel structures under an extreme harsh corrosion environment in one coastal thermal power plant. The results showed that no rusting, peeling, or crack phenomena were observed after 3 years of service under different harsh coastal corrosion conditions. Full article

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17 pages, 4740 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Stability of Supehydrophobic Layers Formed by Organic Acids on the Surface of Aluminum Alloy 6063

by Alexey M. Semiletov, Alexander A. Chirkunov, Oleg Yu. Grafov and Yurii I. Kuznetsov

Coatings 2022, 12(10), 1468; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12101468 - 4 Oct 2022

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1727

Abstract

The paper discusses the possibility of obtaining a uniformly inhomogeneous surface of aluminum alloy 6063 as a result of alkaline etching and laser processing. Further surface treatment with ethanol solutions of octadecylphosphonic (ODPA) and stearic acids leads to its superhydrophobization (SHP). The study [...] Read more.

The paper discusses the possibility of obtaining a uniformly inhomogeneous surface of aluminum alloy 6063 as a result of alkaline etching and laser processing. Further surface treatment with ethanol solutions of octadecylphosphonic (ODPA) and stearic acids leads to its superhydrophobization (SHP). The study of the degradation kinetics of SHP coatings in water and under conditions of neutral salt spray showed the high stability of ODPA films obtained on a laser-textured surface with an irregularities height of 9.82 μm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results showed that ODPA is chemisorbed on the alloy surface. High corrosion resistance of the surface with superhydrophobic layers confirmed by polarization measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and corrosion tests. Full article

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2021

Jump to: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2020

16 pages, 4889 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Corrosion Protection of 6061 Aluminum Alloys by Sol-Gel Coating Modified with ZnLaAl-LDHs

by Youbin Wang, Qiuyu Huang, Bingtao Zhou, Zengyin Yuan, Yuezhou Wei and Toyohisa Fujita

Coatings 2021, 11(4), 478; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11040478 - 19 Apr 2021

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3356

Abstract

In this work, ZnLaAl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were prepared by the co-precipitation method, and the ZnLaAl-LDHs nanosheets were embedded in sol-gel coating for the corrosion protection of 6061 aluminum alloys. The structure, morphology, and long-term anti-corrosion performance of sol-gel coating modified with [...] Read more.

In this work, ZnLaAl layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were prepared by the co-precipitation method, and the ZnLaAl-LDHs nanosheets were embedded in sol-gel coating for the corrosion protection of 6061 aluminum alloys. The structure, morphology, and long-term anti-corrosion performance of sol-gel coating modified with ZnLaAl-LDHs were investigated. The structure and morphology analysis showed that nanosheets of ZnLaAl-LDHs are finer than those of ZnAl-LDHs, with the results suggesting that the La can refine the size of LDHs’ nanosheets and improve their nucleation rate. The results of long-term corrosion tests showed that the sol-gel coating with ZnLaAl-LDHs exhibits higher corrosion resistance and better stability compared with the sol-gel coating with ZnAl-LDHs, which indicates that the addition of La enhances the anti-corrosion performance of the LDHs and improves the stability of sol-gel coating with LDHs. Finally, the formation mechanism of ZnLaAl-LDHs and the corrosion mechanism of sol-gel coating with ZnLaAl-LDHs on 6061 aluminum alloys are both discussed in detail. Full article

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16 pages, 6360 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preparation of Coating on the Titanium Surface by Micro-Arc Oxidation to Improve Corrosion Resistance

by Yulong Hu, Zhiqiao Wang, Jianyang Ai, Shichao Bu and Hongwei Liu

Coatings 2021, 11(2), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11020230 - 15 Feb 2021

Cited by 24 | Viewed by 3247

Abstract

In this paper, two kinds of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings on TA2 with different thickness were prepared by controlled oxidation time and then were characterized for their composition, crystalline structure, and surface morphology. The effect of MAO treatment on electrochemical corrosion behaviors of [...] Read more.

In this paper, two kinds of micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings on TA2 with different thickness were prepared by controlled oxidation time and then were characterized for their composition, crystalline structure, and surface morphology. The effect of MAO treatment on electrochemical corrosion behaviors of TA2 in 3.5% NaCl solution were studied by the electrochemical measurements including open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization curves. The results indicate that the electrochemical behavior of MAO coating is related to the coating structure. OCP can be used to evaluate the porosity of MAO coating. More positive OCP indicates coating with lower porosity and larger resistance obtained from EIS. The MAO treatment can significantly enhance the corrosion resistance of TA2, but the thickness increase of MAO coating could not further improve the corrosion resistance. In addition, because of the increase in effective surface area, the MAO treatment may enhance the cathode action of TA2 when the galvanic cell is composed of TA2 and other more negative metal, which in turn promotes the corrosion of negative metal. Full article

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2020

Jump to: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021

11 pages, 2846 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

Obtaining and Corrosion Performance of Composite Zinc Coatings with Incorporated Carbon Spheres

by Nelly Boshkova, Kamelia Kamburova, Nikola Koprinarov, Mariana Konstantinova, Nikolai Boshkov and Tsetska Radeva

Coatings 2020, 10(7), 665; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070665 - 11 Jul 2020

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2321

Abstract

The present work describes one possible way to prepare a stable aqueous suspension of carbon sphere particles with a positive charge that is suitable for simultaneous electrodeposition with zinc on steel substrate. In order to stabilize the suspension against aggregation, tri-block amphiphilic copolymer [...] Read more.

The present work describes one possible way to prepare a stable aqueous suspension of carbon sphere particles with a positive charge that is suitable for simultaneous electrodeposition with zinc on steel substrate. In order to stabilize the suspension against aggregation, tri-block amphiphilic copolymer Pluronic F127, which is commercially available, was adsorbed on the surface of carbon sphere particles. This polymer contained poly (ethylene oxide) blocks as hydrophilic segments and poly (propylene oxide) blocks as the hydrophobic part. Scanning electron microscopy and visual observations confirmed the stability of the obtained suspension. The carbon sphere particles were embedded into the zinc coating by the co-electrodeposition process. The surface morphology of the composite coating was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. The influence of the carbon spheres on the cathodic and anodic processes was evaluated with cyclic voltammetry studies. The electrochemical investigations were realized in a model corrosion medium (5% NaCl solution with pH 6.7) by application of selected methods such as polarization resistance, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, which revealed higher protective ability of the composite coating against corrosion in an aggressive environment. Full article

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2024

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2023

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