Recent Advances in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and Their Applications

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Inorganic Crystalline Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (11 January 2024) | Viewed by 8956

Special Issue Editor

Analytical and Charaterization Department, Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 603, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: Raman spectroscopy; two-dimensional materials; surface plasmon; extreme conditions physics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), with the generalized formula MX2 (where M denotes a transition metal element and X denotes a chalcogen), have attracted extensive attention in the past decade due to their striking physical properties and versatility for a broad range of applications. Depending on their chemical compositions and crystalline structure, TMDs are diverse, ranging from metallic, semi-metallic, semiconducting, and insulating, to superconducting. When TMDs are scaled down to a few- or single-unit layer, unique electronic and optical properties arise, which are of great potential for applications in a variety of fields including electronics, photonics, catalysis, sensing, spintronics, and valleytronics devices. Although TMDs have been extensively studied in past years, new and exciting discoveries in properties and applications of TMDs emerge rapidly. The present Special Issue on "Recent Advances in Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and Their Applications” would serve as a platform for researchers to report their latest results and findings in TMDs and related devices, including synthesis methods, physical and chemical properties, theoretical calculations, nanostructures and hybrid-structures fabrication procedures and their applications in various devices. We believe that this Issue is needed at present to promote the future development of TMDs and their practical applications.

Dr. Yang Yang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenides
  • nanostructures fabrication of transition metal dichalcogenides
  • transition metal dichalcogenides based devices
  • optical properties
  • electrical properties
  • structural properties

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 3488 KiB  
Article
Controllable Growth of Large-Scale Continuous ReS2 Atomic Layers
by Xingdong Sun, Ezimetjan Alim, Yang Wen, Sumei Wu, Yongqing Cai, Zheng Wei, Yingying Wang, Yao Liang and Zhihua Zhang
Crystals 2023, 13(11), 1548; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13111548 - 28 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1497
Abstract
In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have received significant attention due to their exceptional electrical and optical properties. Among these 2D materials, ReS2 distinguishes itself through its unique optical and conductance anisotropy. Despite concerted efforts to produce high-quality [...] Read more.
In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have received significant attention due to their exceptional electrical and optical properties. Among these 2D materials, ReS2 distinguishes itself through its unique optical and conductance anisotropy. Despite concerted efforts to produce high-quality ReS2, the unique interlayer decoupling properties pose substantial challenges in growing large-area ReS2 thin films, with the preparation of single layers proving even more complex. In this work, large-scale continuous monolayer and bilayer ReS2 films were successfully grown on mica substrates using low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). Photodetectors were fabricated using the prepared high-quality ReS2 films, and the devices presented stable photoresponse and enhanced response sensitivity. The production of continuous ReS2 atomic layers heralds promising prospects for large-scale integrated circuits and advances the practical application of optoelectronics based on 2D layered materials. Full article
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16 pages, 12787 KiB  
Article
The Possibility of Layered Non-Van Der Waals Boron Group Oxides: A First-Principles Perspective
by Yu Zhou, Jun Zhu, Dongyu Cai and Yingchun Cheng
Crystals 2023, 13(9), 1298; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13091298 - 23 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1284
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) metal oxides have broad prospective applications in the fields of catalysis, electronic devices, sensors, and detectors. However, non-van der Waals 2D metal oxides have rarely been studied because they are hard to peel off or synthesize. In this work, taking alumina [...] Read more.
Two-dimensional (2D) metal oxides have broad prospective applications in the fields of catalysis, electronic devices, sensors, and detectors. However, non-van der Waals 2D metal oxides have rarely been studied because they are hard to peel off or synthesize. In this work, taking alumina (Al2O3) as a typical representative of 2D boron group oxides, the structural stability and electrical properties of 2D Al2O3 are investigated through first-principles calculations. The thinnest Al2O3 structure is a bilayer, and the band gap of Al2O3 is found to decrease with decreasing layer thickness because of the giant surface reconstruction. The band gap of bilayer X2O3 (X = Al, Ga, and In) decreases with increasing atomic radius. Our findings provide theoretical support for the preparation of non-van der Waals 2D boron group oxide semiconductors. Full article
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16 pages, 15083 KiB  
Article
Two-Dimensional VSi2X2N2 (X = P, As, Sb, Bi) Janus Monolayers: Spin-Polarized Electronic Structure and Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy
by Zhenxian Zhao, Xiaocha Wang and Wenbo Mi
Crystals 2023, 13(7), 1007; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13071007 - 25 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1185
Abstract
The discovery of ferromagnetic two-dimensional (2D) materials provides reference value for the exploration of low-dimensional magnetism and new spintronic devices. The VSi2N4 monolayer is ferromagnetic with half-metallic characteristics, which is a new 2D material in the field of spintronics. Here, [...] Read more.
The discovery of ferromagnetic two-dimensional (2D) materials provides reference value for the exploration of low-dimensional magnetism and new spintronic devices. The VSi2N4 monolayer is ferromagnetic with half-metallic characteristics, which is a new 2D material in the field of spintronics. Here, the electronic structure and magnetic anisotropy of two-dimensional VSi2X2N2 (X = P, As, Sb, Bi) Janus monolayers are studied systematically via first-principles calculations. The results show that VSi2P2N2, VSi2As2N2 and VSi2Bi2N2 are magnetic, but VSi2Sb2N2 is nonmagnetic. At X = P, As and Bi, VSi2X2N2 Janus monolayers are metallic and ferromagnetic. VSi2P2N2 and VSi2As2N2 show the in-plane magnetic anisotropy, while VSi2Bi2N2 shows the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). As the tensile strain increases, the spin-down energy band of the VSi2P2N2 monolayer gradually moves up and the spin-up channel moves down. At ε = +12%, the spin-down band shifts above the Fermi level, showing the half-metallic characteristic with a band gap of 0.775 eV calculated using the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) exchange–correlation function. The magnetic moment of VSi2Sb2N2 is induced at an electric field of −0.4 V/Å and +0.2 V/Å, where PMA appears. These data provide basic theoretical guidance for the development of low-dimensional spintronic devices. Full article
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12 pages, 3700 KiB  
Article
Ultrafast Mechanism of Material Removal in the Femtosecond Laser Ablation of WS2 and Its Diode Rectification Characteristics
by Kai Wang, Zhicheng Chen, Xu Wu, Changji Pan, Feifei Wang, Jiaxing Wang, Ke Zhang, Yang Yang and Jingya Sun
Crystals 2023, 13(5), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13050832 - 17 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1808
Abstract
The study investigates the two different underlying ablation mechanisms of WS2 processed by femtosecond (fs) laser with different fluences. With increasing fluence, the saturable expansion of craters and the transformation of three distinct crater morphologies are found. The material response and the [...] Read more.
The study investigates the two different underlying ablation mechanisms of WS2 processed by femtosecond (fs) laser with different fluences. With increasing fluence, the saturable expansion of craters and the transformation of three distinct crater morphologies are found. The material response and the transfer and deposition of laser energy are tracked by using a plasma model based on the classical single rate equation model and the Drude model. The results of the numerical simulation and time-resolved transient reflectivity reveal the two different ablation mechanisms, which are coulomb explosion and phase explosion. The mechanism of material removal is distinguished by the critical threshold of 0.85 J/cm2. In addition, the internal ablation region exhibits a high concentration of defects and WO3 according to the results of Raman spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectra, and morphology-dependent photoluminescence mapping. Due to the high concentration with high fluence, the device of WS2/Si p-n junction exhibits a 2.6 times enhancement on the current under forward bias. The findings would be of value to engineer structures to tailor the optoelectronic response of WS2 and to develop potential future optoelectronic devices. Full article
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Review

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17 pages, 2151 KiB  
Review
Suspended 2D Materials: A Short Review
by Yunyun Dai, Tongtong Xue, Xu Han, Xinyu Huang, Decheng Zhang, Mengting Huang, Jiahao Yan, Jinghan Zhao, Vijay Laxmi, Liwei Liu, Xiaolong Xu, Yeliang Wang and Yuan Huang
Crystals 2023, 13(9), 1337; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13091337 - 1 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2396
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing fascination with suspended two-dimensional (2D) materials, owing to their excellent mechanical, optical, and electronic characteristics. This surge of interest stems from the remarkable properties exhibited by these materials when they are isolated in a two-dimensional [...] Read more.
In recent years, there has been a growing fascination with suspended two-dimensional (2D) materials, owing to their excellent mechanical, optical, and electronic characteristics. This surge of interest stems from the remarkable properties exhibited by these materials when they are isolated in a two-dimensional counterpart. Nanofabrication technologies provide a new platform to further explore the properties of 2D materials by suspending them to reduce the influence of substrates. In recent years, many scientists have discovered the feasibility of using suspended membranes of 2D materials in various fields, including optoelectronics and photonics. This review summarizes the recent progress in the fabrication, characterization, and applications of suspended 2D materials, focusing on critical properties such as optical and electronic properties, strain engineering, and thermal properties. This area has the potential to lead to new technologies and applications in a wide range of innovative fields. Full article
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